01.pengantar psikoterapi
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psikoterapiTRANSCRIPT
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PSIKOTERAPI
Asal kata : therapeia artinya healing atau penyembuhan.
Secara harafiah berarti : penyembuhan akal atau jiwa.
Pengertian lebih luas :penyembuhan akal melalui metoda psikologi yang dilakukan oleh praktisi yang telah terlatih dan sesuai kualifikasinya (Nelson-Jones, 2001).
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DEFINISI PSIKOTERAPI
Psychotherapy is a formal process of interaction between two parties, each party usually consisting of one person but with possibility that there may be two or more people in each party, for the purpose of amelioration of distress in one of two parties relatives to any of the following areas of disability or malfunction :
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DEFINISI PSIKOTERAPI
1. Cognitive functions (disorder of thinking)
2. Affective functions (suffering or emotional discomfort)
3. Behavioral functions (inadequacy of behaviour)
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With the therapist having some theory of personality’s origins, development, maintenance and change along with some method of treatment logically related to the theory and professional and legal to act as a therapist.
(Raymond Corsini & Danny Wedding)
DEFINISI PSIKOTERAPI
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KONSELING
Asal kata : counsilium (bahasa latin) artinya “bersama” atau “berbicara bersama”.
Pengertian : pembicaraan konselor (counselor) dengan satu atau beberapa klien (counselee).
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DEFINISI KONSELING
Counseling denotes a profesional relationship between a trained conselor and a client. This relationship is usually person to person, although it may sometimes involve more than two people.
It is designed to help clients to understand and clarify their views of their lifespaces and to learn to reach their self-determined goals through meaningful, well informed choices and through resolution of problems of an emotional or interpersonal nature.
(Burks & Stefflre)
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PSIKOTERAPI - KONSELING ?
Psikoterapi = Konseling
Patterson, Truax, Rogers, Carkhuff.
Psikoterapi # konseling.
Schneiders.
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PERBEDAAN PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING
Psikoterapi Rekonstruktif Pelatihan menyeluruh Proses : jangka
panjang. Lebih mendalam Menggunakan medical
terms. Menangani masalah
yang lebih parah (more severe), spt : psikotik, personality disorders.
Konseling Suportif dan edukatif Pelatihan kurang
menyeluruh. Proses : biasanya
singkat. Biasanya non-medical. Menangani masalah
yang lebih ringan, Cth: penyesuaian diri,
miskomunikasi, dll.
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PERBEDAAN HAKIKI PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING
Psikoterapi : world view + 1 pilihan teori sertakonsisten dalam teknik terapi yang telah ditentukan
dan terkait dengan
karakteristik psikopatologik yang diderita
klien.
Konseling : world view + paduanteori yang membantu
memahami manusia sebagai individu
dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi klien.
Paduan mazhab psikologi yang diterapkan dalam konseling
disebut
Pendekatan EKLETIK.
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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN PSYCHOTHERAPY
Psychoanalytic Behaviouristic
Humanistic
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THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK IN COUNSELING
Psychoanalytic Behaviouristic
Humanistic
Ekletik
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WORLD VIEW World View adalah cara bagaimana
kita menangkap “central issues” dari permasalahan yang dihadapi.
Dengan prinsip world view inilah konselor atau terapis mendasari cara mengambil keputusan tentang cara bereaksi yang tentu saja merupakan
central issues terapis/konselor. Menjadi khas bagi dirinya sendiri.
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INTERVENSI PSIKOLOGIK
Ada 3 istilah :1. Helping relationship /
Konseling2. Interviewing
3. Psychotherapy
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TUJUAN UMUM DARI PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING
Secara luas adalah :
1. Effective daily living
2. Positive relationship with others.
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EFEKTIFITAS PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING
Membutuhkan prasyarat :1. Penguasaan tentang “world
view” dari klien.2. Kemampuan memilih alternatif
teori yang tepat untuk melandasi iklim relasi yang dibina dengan klien.
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METODE YANG DIGUNAKAN DALAM PSIKOTERAPI – KONSELING
1. Metode direktif - mengarahkanPossesive warmth
2. Metode non direktif –tidak mengarahkanNon possesive warmth
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PERSYARATAN UTAMA UNTUK BERPERAN SEBAGAI TERAPIS / KONSELOR :
1. Congruence.2. Emphatic understanding.3. Sikap yang hangat. (possesive – non possesive).
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PROSES PSIKOTERAPI - KONSELING
1. Rapport2. Assessment3. Diagnosis
4. Intervention5. Evaluation
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KODE ETIK PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING
PRINSIP : TO DO NOTHING TO HARM THE CLIENT OR SOCIETY.1. Maintain confidentiality2. Recognize your limitations3. Avoid asking the irrelevant
details4. Treat the client as you would like
to be treated : respect, dignity, kindness, honesty, being well-accepted as a person in trusting relationship.
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“The Future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their
dreams”
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You Raise me up (song)
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ALWAYS THERE FOR YOUAlbum : Secret Garden
When I'm less than I should be
When I just can't face the day
When darkness falls around me
And I just can't find my way
When my eyes don't clearly see
And I stumble through it all
You I lean upon, you keep me strong
And you rise me when I fall
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ALWAYS THERE FOR YOUAlbum : Secret Garden
(chorus)
You are there when I most need you
You are there so constantly
You come shining through, you always do
You are always there for me
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ALWAYS THERE FOR YOUAlbum : Secret Garden
When life brings me to my knees
When my back's against the wall
You are standing there right with me
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ALWAYS THERE FOR YOUAlbum : Secret Garden
Just to keep me standing tall
Though a burden I might be
You don't weary, you don't rest
You are reaching out to carry me
And I know I'm heaven-blest
(Repeat chorus)