02 pictograms

Lesson 02 Independent characters (1)

Pictograms

Independent characters and combined characters• Chinese characters can be divided into two categories:

independent characters and combined characters.

• Independent characters can subdivided into two kinds: pictograms and Simple ideograms.

• Combined characters can be subdivided into two kinds: Compound ideograms and pictophonetic characters.

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=OjwUfSLGB08KyM&tbnid=5hjwf26XfyYG1M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://cul.shangdu.com/chinacul/20101223/278_159168_2.shtml&ei=I9EwUuKPLImatAarhYHwAw&psig=AFQjCNHqN3RcXgHHkaXI0nZUl4W2rc0sIw&ust=1379017291222712

Chinese charactershàn zì 汉字

combined characterhé tǐ zì 合体字

independent charactersdú tǐ zì 独体字

Pictogramsxiàng xíng zì 象形字

(form imitation)

Simple ideogramszhǐ shì zì 指事字

(indication)

Compound ideograms huì yì zì会意字

(joined meaning)

Pictophonetic charactersxíng shēng zì 形声字

(form and sound)


• In fact, there are two other categories of Chinese characters

• They are small categories and less important. jiǎ jiè

Rebus characters - 假借 (phonetic loan) zhuǎn zhù

Derivative cognate - 转注 (reciprocal meaning)


xiàng xíng Pictograms ( 象形 )

xiàng xíng • Pictograms ( 象形 – form imitation) represent in

stylized form the things they refer to (such as animals, a person, or objects, etc.)

• Only 5% (about 500) of all Chinese characters belong to the pictographic kind - stylized drawings of the objects they represent.

• They are of crucial importance to the mastery of the structure of Chinese characters.


Changes of Pictograms Pronunciation Meaning

日 (rì) Sun

月 (yuè) Moon

目 (mù) Eye

木 (mù) Tree

山 (shān) Mountain

水 (shuǐ) water

What’s the difference between the pictographic characters and their modern version?• -- The characters are no longer imitations of things

they refer to, but in square forms;• -- The soft lines have been turned into solid strokes.

rén人 people, person

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=W3UK8bFiRxWm8M&tbnid=pHLv5NsFK0W61M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.china001.com/show_hdr.php?xname=PPDDMV0&dname=41V7C41&xpos=69&ei=OtgwUp2ZFs7CtAbG8oG4CQ&psig=AFQjCNHWqXVIwkDh1TPmFMSPVs2RzdU0mQ&ust=1379019144062084

zǐ子child ， baby

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=LAs3WhGooamqUM&tbnid=Sfub-9Aijx-MPM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.bizhizhuomian.com/waiguopiaoliangyingertupian/197025.html&ei=k9swUvqUOM3FswbQroCICw&psig=AFQjCNGtrG3Tb9Xsrhyms9NQW1iOBw24nA&ust=1379020031149579

nǚ女 woman, girl

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=tHpdUeAvRh9OGM&tbnid=wqGvi2Dlsva-OM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://lib.k618.cn/index.php?doc-view-2462&ei=wdwwUoDHNMnCswbsr4GADQ&psig=AFQjCNH7LfacibmXlAZgNPeMoLmS8blbAA&ust=1379020324132390

mǔ母 mother

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=nPefBeiGr-tFnM&tbnid=sptL04Av5V6dOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://wtyl.beijing.cn/fuwu/sbzl/n214072424.shtml&ei=Gd4wUtb3B4OKtAa0r4HACw&psig=AFQjCNHBW6rGxgXzlcXhTDk1IHu1CI1scg&ust=1379020644736037

kǒu口 mouth

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=deckc5j8rsZmrM&tbnid=Naj19HlusMUI9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://bbs.tiexue.net/post_5518377_1.html&ei=lOAwUummKcHZswaA7YCYCg&psig=AFQjCNHxnZ65E2BvLM_dFA7Q1WDVDgqWTg&ust=1379021323296003

mù目 eye

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lMoIpMIMElRNNM&tbnid=rW0rlCPx8OZU7M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.boqpod.com/cinematography/8948.html&ei=J-IwUsHjLsnasgbkiYCICg&psig=AFQjCNHXPD4217uT5RMtDQuDy1rGg0gkDw&ust=1379021727397062



http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=C_kuQsfQ_3AcGM&tbnid=O5jywxP6Mx_ovM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://qzhi5.com/knowledge/sh/hufu/15038_9.html&ei=T-IwUqrBA4fIsgbIyoCwCw&psig=AFQjCNHXPD4217uT5RMtDQuDy1rGg0gkDw&ust=1379021727397062

ěr耳 ear

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=R_OavRFCod5s0M&tbnid=DBFFX-RQwmpudM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://zhongyi.baike.com/article-1172433.html&ei=x-IwUvyGLsTMswbDxYG4BA&psig=AFQjCNFDe88QyvIaAC5celp486QLqQx7Mw&ust=1379021891405655

shǒu手 hand

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=dV6J7Gixpf4w_M&tbnid=3FecvmociZWiYM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/72/073efabce103b713.html&ei=XeMwUvLOF8bYsgaJoYHYDw&psig=AFQjCNEl0Bbi1tPFMC8xbcPpbs9gT23tYA&ust=1379021991834566

zú足 foot

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=L0rOwzhfM37rqM&tbnid=WxH-Tb7_iGiSyM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://qing.blog.sina.com.cn/1732803503/67487baf33001xle.html&ei=-OMwUqukIMfKsgbJxoCoCw&psig=AFQjCNHFqV2urFpJLpdras0kTbJtMHLB_Q&ust=1379022179951479

xīn心 heart

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lSwPrTSMw9xs0M&tbnid=RtduSnYPzJ2TDM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.taopic.com/vector/201207/205833.html&ei=HOUwUszxKYTNswaY84DoCw&psig=AFQjCNHfWwWYnVua_amO_9rgdn5RIuhbxQ&ust=1379022480215940

rì日 sun

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=sCNFYR-fgMNrHM&tbnid=M340AwCJlaeTUM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/4/79/ea0f438dc2fd9296.html&ei=ruUwUoavL4iU4AT96oCICw&psig=AFQjCNEk9H8giwScObZV_alDK5VCf84yGw&ust=1379022629463148

yuè月 moon

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=3mWu0qD2PjvveM&tbnid=D4_p93eIa_n7CM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.keichun.edu.hk/%E6%9D%8E%20Sir%20%E5%9C%96%E5%BA%AB/album/%E5%A4%A7%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%20Nature/slides/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE%203.html&ei=yecwUuL6LcLf4QT-noD4DA&psig=AFQjCNE95Cigw6LUvjg_DKWv9F6LO0NTpw&ust=1379023116798187

huǒ火 fire

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Fr_TGv1AKQQQ4M&tbnid=JZpUVNs50XZ6gM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.baiyjk.com/health/200911/FI0000008930.html&ei=eOgwUvXtBY324QTTh4HoBw&psig=AFQjCNHQ6VDoYfCd7UBOS40UtItucjYSPA&ust=1379023282525262

shān山 mountain

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=4dx3yx0_3TxXFM&tbnid=1pmEsIOkh_FXfM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/47/4597128k046a7e84.html&ei=oekwUvLmLvSk4ASItIHQAg&psig=AFQjCNGFkZ8TAfOcECXFUXdeGmMnM8g-Vw&ust=1379023623777165

shí石 stone, rock

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=BAIIPCqHwd7mZM&tbnid=v26O_WYOdFAizM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/47/4538005kd1a37c72.html&ei=DeowUtn_DeTw4gSs64HICw&psig=AFQjCNEBTMCbl1f80Z1mhjS1NPid0Rwabg&ust=1379023713894549

shuǐ 水 water

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=TME7YXQmV8ZVQM&tbnid=8y8tE_8wccxRwM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/7/e46a4a35ecc0fac6.html&ei=vuowUreDO6Th4QSe7oFY&psig=AFQjCNHhywMgLjT7KAM7DBR-ksr3xGbI9Q&ust=1379023918327238

yǔ雨 rain


http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=IxvCrxVRuddMMM&tbnid=zLhKl429gzeJpM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/3/83/813cb889dd5ab6df.html&ei=PvMwUvn9LuaT4ATPqICQAQ&psig=AFQjCNE_T1Lswd7PtLQA_2SmtD4kzOmG6g&ust=1379026102213132

tián田 field, farm


http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=npSjlhoePmQYeM&tbnid=FnAcUCoP2dv49M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.lcrc.org.cn/publish/portal4/tab377/&ei=luswUtfuK8aN4ASI5IDwBA&psig=AFQjCNEa_IyWdQPsmjoEWY9HisoB6zicdA&ust=1379024122149183

chē车 cart ,vehicle


http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=wmLJHecR83YeGM&tbnid=T62LoswYV91eyM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.no-1chineselearning.com/ynews.asp?aid=1259&ei=Au0wUv2HGeme4wSXyIGgDw&psig=AFQjCNEQF1K7KEjgmT-z97gkj5BK0Rl9vA&ust=1379024472063719

mén门 door, gate


http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=0_hkRQtR3ZxgcM&tbnid=4UeTLyhX7Tq2BM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://yeeyuee.blog.163.com/blog/static/882236120073164352629/&ei=-O8wUrDwAoiw4QSYpIGoBA&psig=AFQjCNGxDwyBigGKSjlOqZCa203H62EjYQ&ust=1379025166891861

mù 木 tree, wood

guǒ果 fruit

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=5_6ePXu_zgbNeM&tbnid=eRfLwS6_hYQY7M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://qujingjing0626.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post.html&ei=JvIwUvaONKGN4ASd84GgAQ&psig=AFQjCNERSOtDfweNIPve7JAHrNApkZt6Mw&ust=1379025819989017

hǔ虎 tiger

niú牛 ox, bull

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rnuRMnwN9KO25M&tbnid=Jdw2AHrdKjtCOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/3/42/88f7f718a63e4e5f.html&ei=gvUwUu_bDsSS4ATV7IHwDw&psig=AFQjCNG_6a_5IjBfdaHaA2JhejmRgUeYmw&ust=1379026677540517

yáng羊 sheep, goat

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=OHtAVZXgnHRwuM&tbnid=SBPpSdXmKqdfGM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ooopic.com/pic_604584.html&ei=tvYwUu_QDamM4ASBxoGwBw&psig=AFQjCNFOw49Sdn_3umlGqqRKh8ka6dH5Aw&ust=1379026993180732

yú鱼 fish

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Dqui483ILBlMmM&tbnid=ItCQnD7BzlBD3M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.shuichan.cc/flea_view-190423.html&ei=F_cwUtiqNrH14QSc3YD4BQ&psig=AFQjCNEuXD-u9o186jorEJAbu-1AN9Vg0Q&ust=1379027084290423

bèi贝 shell

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=XesntwXIJJZaAM&tbnid=UmuP0i7tFnvkLM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.hailuo.com/show/21130&ei=r_cwUre_C4Hg4QSHiIHYDA&psig=AFQjCNGZZFPGorY_qjsgUxqTLcJfsZH8JA&ust=1379027228803113

chóng 虫 worm, insect

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=odYPmhWgy-BxDM&tbnid=bBcLLzwtbB82CM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ooopic.com/photo/2009-5-22/549850.html&ei=-vcwUr-pEMPp4gSZmoGADA&psig=AFQjCNHDx76tHkSq6-gY-d4cwIK5k5rTtg&ust=1379027309387411

mǎ马 horse

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=kZ_z7CUI_LW6zM&tbnid=WyBPcBRNvwG-HM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://news.sina.com.cn/bbs/p/2006/0411/10195265.html&ei=t_gwUuv6Goak4gSbnYFQ&psig=AFQjCNHcyMv1Qf2b0QcSYB-m8am_Cyza4g&ust=1379027498857892

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=kZ_z7CUI_LW6zM&tbnid=WyBPcBRNvwG-HM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://news.sina.com.cn/bbs/p/2006/0411/10195265.html&ei=t_gwUuv6Goak4gSbnYFQ&psig=AFQjCNHcyMv1Qf2b0QcSYB-m8am_Cyza4g&ust=1379027498857892

niǎo鸟 bird

http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=87BHuPspaAMmIM&tbnid=VSzGarsyrUCENM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nipic.com/show/1/40/80ad8f408a3e9be9.html&ei=4PkwUsPoJ7D34QTL5IHgDQ&psig=AFQjCNGWGzcN4NvUcxdOmVdjRyUQnF0R0g&ust=1379027782580202

Takk for i dag!

02 pictograms

Education