8/19/2019 04.11.14 CP-FS Notes Legal Aspects of Food Safety, Recalls and Tracebacks

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Legal Aspects of Food Safety 4.11.2014 

Legal Aspects of Food

Who’s in charge

• USDA

o Oersees FS!S " the agency responsi#le for the co$$ercial s%pply of

&eat' po%ltry and (ggso )rading #eef and por*" +ri$e' choice' select

• FDA

o Oersees food safety in the rest of the food s%pply chain

o ,FSA- " ,enters for Food Safety and -%trition

o ,& " ,enter for eterinary &edicine " One /ealth

o !nspects $an%fact%rers and processors " not retail ' not resta%rants

•

State and Local /ealth Depart$entso State accepts Food ,ode 200' 200' 201

o Local /ealth Depart$ents enforces the Food ,ode in resta%rants'

grocery stores etco Local /ealth Depart$ent can apply for stringent r%les than 3hat is in

the food code

/ealth !nspection

• !nspector $%st present credentials and eplain intent to inspect

• !nspector can o#tain a 3arrant if necessary

• !nspector $%st doc%$ent' food operator sho%ld sign inspection res%lts. !f

they choose not to signo !nspector sho%ld note they chose not to sign

o Signing does not $ean the food operator agrees 3ith the iolations

o -ot signing does not $ean they do not need to co$ply' operators $%st

co$ply 3hether they agree 3ith the iolations or noto Operator can re5%est 6%dicial reie3

• +riority iolations

o  7 i$$ediately or 3ithin 10 days

o !ncl%des ti$e8te$p a#%se' cross9conta$ination' personal hygiene' loss

of 3ater' po3er etc.

• ,ore !te$ iolations

o Fi 3ithin 0 days

o !ncl%des less critical ite$s li*e dirty :oors' 3alls' drains etc

• !$$inent health ha;ard

o Operator $%st sh%t do3n and call reg%latory a%thority i$ediately

o Se3age #ac*%p' o%t#rea*' loss of 3ater etc

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8/19/2019 04.11.14 CP-FS Notes Legal Aspects of Food Safety, Recalls and Tracebacks

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Legal Aspects of Food Safety 4.11.2014 

Ad%lterated Food

• !t contains any poisono%s or deleterio%s s%#stance that $ay render it

in6%rio%s to healtho <iological ha;ards

<acteria' ir%ses' parasites

+rota;oa' prions' f%ngi

o ,he$ical ha;ards

+esticides=inappropriately applied>' $ethyl$erc%ry =7sh>' dioins

=p%lp and paper $ills>' nat%rally occ%rring toins =$%shroo$s'

p%?er 7sh> ,leaning che$icals' %nsafe color addities

o +hysical ha;ards

Wood' pits' pieces of $etal

+lastic' 6e3elry etc

• Dishonestly presented " %nlisted ingredients' ingredients that $ay ca%se

illness

&isla#eled food

• False or $isleading representation " intentionally deceptie

• !ngredients that do not incl%de the co$$on na$e in the ingredient list =2 or

$ore ti$es> een if the na$e is so$e3here else on the pac*age

• ,OOL =,o%ntry of Origin la#eling >" inacc%rate geographical location listed on

the food

• !f it is i$itation food =ie @ra#> #%t not la#eled as s%ch

• ,%rrent ea$ples (tra irgin olie oil is fre5%ently not etra irgin andla#eled as s%ch' honey that is %ltra97ltered is no longer considered honey' #%t

3ill #e la#eled as honey

• +roper la#el " na$e8address of $an%fact%rer' acc%rate 5%antity and contents

• !ntentional or %nintentional $isla#eling of allergens 9 B &ain allerges

o tree n%ts' pean%ts' $il*' eggs

o soy' gl%ten' 7sh' shell7sh

Responding to Emergencies

($ergencies incl%de

• -at%ral disasters et al " h%rricanes' :oods' po3er o%tages

• Unintentional conta$ination " i$proper processing for ea$ple " ti$e te$p

a#%se

• Deli#erate conta$ination "

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8/19/2019 04.11.14 CP-FS Notes Legal Aspects of Food Safety, Recalls and Tracebacks

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Legal Aspects of Food Safety 4.11.2014 

o  2013, January - It was disclosed thathorse meat contaminated beef burgers had

been on sale in Britain and Ireland.

o 2013, May - A Chinese crime ring was found to have passed offrat, mink, and smallmammal meat as mutton for more than 1 million USD in Shanghai and Jiangsu

province markets.[66]

Emergency response

• Planning group from all disciplines – write a plan, practice/drills

• ID who to contact – which agencies

• Define triggers – when do we shut down?

• There are 5 reportable illnesses – if a food worker has been diagnosed with one of these

illnesses, they must report it to their manager. They should be removed from the area with

unpackaged food and the manager should notify the health department

o   HENSS

o H – Hepatitas A

o

E – E.coli

o N – Norwalk (Noro) virus

o S – Samonella

o S – Shigella

Recalls

• An investigation begins with a known or suspected food

• Traceback

o Involves both record review and interviews

o Traceback should find source or sources, is the contamination in more then 1 food,

how did it get to market? Tomato/jalapeno recall

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8/19/2019 04.11.14 CP-FS Notes Legal Aspects of Food Safety, Recalls and Tracebacks

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Legal Aspects of Food Safety 4.11.2014 

o Examples of how to trace back

Shellfish – tags are kept on hand for at least 90 days to determine where the

bad shellfish were harvested

 E.coli in ground beef – NY Times article – one victim had one hamburger

with beef from 4 countries

• Traceback procedures

o Is there epidemiological evidence that a particular food is at fault

 Traditional epidemiology conducts interviews. If 20 people at the same food

form the same restaurant on the same day, and they have similar symptoms,then we probably can find the source of the outbreak

Molecular epidemiology compares DNA samples from bacteria found in the

food to bacteria found in victims fecal samples

o Are you sure there are not mitigating factors – cross contamination at the Point of

Service

o POS – Point of Service (ie restaurant or grocery store)

review records, temp logs, receiving logs etc

Was the food labeled properly, what was on the label

When was it shipped and received – did issue occur on the truck

Was it handled appropriately at the restaurant

Did they have good SOPs like FIFO

How do they order and inventory

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8/19/2019 04.11.14 CP-FS Notes Legal Aspects of Food Safety, Recalls and Tracebacks

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Legal Aspects of Food Safety 4.11.2014 

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