04d real numbers, sets, and interval notation · closed intervals are indicated by closed circles...

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R (Real) I (Irrational) N (Natural) Q (Rational) W (Whole) Z (Integers) 04d Real Numbers, Sets, and Interval Notation Sets Set = a collection of objects the objects are elements of the set If B is a set, the notation a ∈ B means that a is an element in the set B and the notation c B means that c is not an element in the set B. Some sets can be listed with braces : for instance A = {1,2,3,4} (the set A has 4 elements which are 1,2,3,4) Some sets can be written using set builder notation: D = { x | x > 10} which is read D is the set of all x's such that x is greater than 10 Set Union, Intersection, or Empty: Union: Given H and G then H G means the set that contains the elements of H and G Intersection: H G means the set that contains just the elements H & G have in common Empty: means there are no elements in the set EX: Given H = {1,2,3,4,5} G = {4,5,6,7,8} M = {9,10,11} H∩G= HG= M∩G= H M= M G= H∩M= H∩ G∩M = HG∩M = Ex 5:__________________ 25:_________________ 1/7:_________________ 3π:_________________ Objective: Identify and classify real numbers, sets of numbers, and represent numbers using interval notation

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Page 1: 04d Real Numbers, Sets, and Interval Notation · Closed Intervals are indicated by closed circles on a number line and by [ ] in interval notation these mean that the number is included

R  (Real)

I  (Irrational)N  (Natural)

Q  (Rational)

W  (Whole)

Z  (Integers)

0­4d Real Numbers,  Sets,  and Interval Notation

Sets Set =  a collection of objects

the objects are        elements          of the set

If B is a set, the notation a ∈ B means that a is an element in the set B            and the notation  c ∉ B means that c is not an element in the set B.

Some sets can be listed with braces :  for instance  A = {1,2,3,4}    (the set A has 4 elements which are 1,2,3,4)

Some sets can be written using set builder notation:  D = { x | x > 10}  which is read D is the set of all x's such that x is greater than 10                                                                                               

Set Union, Intersection, or Empty:                                   Union:  Given H and G then H ∪ G means the set that contains the elements of H and G

Intersection:  H ∩ G means the set that contains just the elements H & G have in common

Empty:  ∅  means there are no elements in the set

EX:  Given     H = {1,2,3,4,5}      G = {4,5,6,7,8}      M = {9,10,11}

 H ∩ G =              H∪ G =    M ∩ G =

H ∪ M = M ∪ G =  H ∩ M = 

H∩G∩M = H∪G∩M =   

Ex­5:__________________ 25:_________________

1/7:_________________ 3π:_________________

Objective:  Identify and classify real numbers, sets of numbers, and represent numbers using interval notation

Page 2: 04d Real Numbers, Sets, and Interval Notation · Closed Intervals are indicated by closed circles on a number line and by [ ] in interval notation these mean that the number is included

Intervals ­ Interval Notation

 Interval Notation Set Description    Graph

(a, b) 

{x∈R|a < x < b}          

          a                 b

(a, b]

{x∈R| x > a}      a

(­∞, b)

b

(­∞, +∞)

Open Intervals are indicated by open circles on a number line and by ( ) in interval notation ­ these mean that the number isn't included in the answer.

Closed Intervals are indicated by closed circles on a number line and by [ ] in interval notation ­ these mean that the number is included in the answer.

EX:  Use the above chart to fill in the missing pieces

(5, 12]

{x∈R| ­3 < x < 15}

[­9, ∞)

20

{x∈R| x > 123}

(­4, 3) U (5, 20]

        ­2         3            8

{x∈R|8 < x < 15} U {x∈R|x > 25}

Interval  Set Builder Graph