07-electrical and electronics engg

8/6/2019 07-Electrical and Electronics Engg

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Syllabi for Pre.PhD/Pre M.Phil/ Pre MS. W.e.f. 2005-2006 Batch

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING[SPECILISATION CODE: 07]

PAPER-I

(Choose Any ONE Subject)

SL.NO SUBJECT NAME SUBJECTCODE

1. ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS R507012. ANALYSIS OF POWER ELECTRONIC

CONVERTERSR50702

3. DIELECTRICS AND INSULATION

ENGINEERING

R50703

4. ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS R507045. ENERGY CONVERSATION SYSTEMS R507056. HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING R507067. HVDC TRANSMISSION R507078. MACHINE MODELING AND ANALYSIS R507089. PARTIAL DISCHARGES IN HIGH VOLTAGE

EQUIPMENTR50709

10. POWER ELECTRONICS CONTROL DC DRIVES R5071011. POWER QUALITY R50711

12. POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL R5071213. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS

AND THEIR APPLICATIONSR50713

14. RELIABILITY ENGINEERING R5071415. VOLTAGE STABILITY R50715


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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING[SPECILISATION CODE: 07]

PAPER-II

(Choose Any ONE Subject)

SL.NO SUBJECT NAME SUBJECTCODE

1 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING R507512 ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION R507523 COLLISION PHENOMENA AND PLASMA

ELECTRONICSR50753

4 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS R507545 EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION R507556 FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS R50756

7 HIGH VOLTAGE TESTING TECHNIQUES R507578 MICROPROCESSORS AND

MICROCONTROLLERSR50758

9 MODERN POWER ELECTRONICS R5075910 NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY SYSTEMS R5076011 POWER ELECTRONIC CONTROL OF AC

DRIVESR50761

12 POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND STABILITY R5076213 POWER SYSTEM RELIABILITY R5076314 REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION AND

MANAGEMENTR50764

15 SPECIAL MACHINES AND CONTROL R50765


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Subject Code: R50701

ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS

Unit I

Control System Design by the root locus method-lead, lag and lag-lead compensation,

PI, PD, PID Controllers design procedures and examples.

Unit IIControl System Design by frequency response approach-lead, lag lag-lead

compensation, PI, PD, PID Controllers design procedures and examples.

Unit III: Eigen value and Eigen vector sensitivities in linear systems theory:

Continuous time systems: Introduction, first order Eigen value sensitivities, first

order Eigen vector sensitivities, second order Eigen value sensitivities, second order

Eigen vector sensitivities

Unit IV: Mode Controllability matrix:

Distinct Eigen values, confluent Eigen values associated with a single Jordan block,

confluent Eigen values associated with a number of distinct Jordan blocks, confluent

Eigen values associated with a number of non- distinct Jordan blocks

Unit V: Mode Controllability structure of multivariable linear systems:

Introduction, Distinct eigen values, confluent eigen values associated with single

Jordan block, confluent eigen values associated with a number of distinct Jordan

blocks

Unit VI: Mode observability matrices:

Distinct Eigen values, confluent Eigen values, mode observability structure of multi

variable linear system: Introduction, Distinct Eigen values, confluent Eigen values

Unit VII:Non linear systems:

Common physical non-linearities; the phase-plane method-basic concepts, singular

points, construction of phase trajectories-Isocline and Delta methods. Describing

function-basic concept-derivation of describing functions-stability analysis by

describing function method.

Unit VIII:Lyapunov stability analysis:

Second method of Lyapunov, stability in the sense of Lyapunov, construction of

Lyapunov function-

Krasovskiis and variable gradient methods. Lyapunov stability analysis of linear

time-invariant systems.

Reference Books:1. Modern Control Engineering - K.Ogata PHI - 3rd

edition.

2. Control Systems Engineering I.J.Nagrath, M.Gopal New Age International -

3rd edition.

3. Control Systems N.K.Sinha - New Age International - 3rd

edition,

4. Automatic Control Systems B.C.Kuo PHI 7th

edition.

5. Modern Control Systems HSU & MEYER

6. Modal control theory and applications Brian porter& Roger crossley


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Subject Code:R50702

ANALYSIS OF POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTERS

Unit I Single Phase AC Voltage Controllers.

Single phase AC voltage controllers with Resistive, Resistive-inductive and Resistive-

inductive-induced e.m.f. loads ac voltage controllers with PWM Control Effects

of source and load inductances - Synchronous tap changers- Applications -

numerical problems.

Unit II Three Phase AC Voltage Controllers

phase AC voltage controllers Analysis of controllers with star and delta Connected

Resistive, Resistive-inductive loads Effects of source and load Inductances

applications numerical problems.

Unit III Cycloconverters

Single phase to single phase cycloconverters analysis of midpoint and bridge

Configurations Three phase to three phase cycloconverters analysis of Midpoint

and bridge configurations Limitations Advantages Applications - numerical

problems.

Unit IV Single Phase Converters.

Single phase converters Half controlled and Fully controlled converters Evaluationof input power factor and harmonic factor continuous and Discontinuous load

current single phase dual converters power factor Improvements Extinction

angle control symmetrical angle control PWM single phase sinusoidal PWM

single phase series converters Applications - Numerical problems.

Unit V Three Phase Converters.

Three phase converters Half controlled and fully controlled converters Evaluation

of input power factor and harmonic factor continuous and Discontinuous load

current three phase dual converters power factor Improvements three phase

PWM - twelve pulse converters applications Numerical problems.

Unit VI D.C. to D.C. Converters.

Analysis of step-down and step-up dc to dc converters with resistive and Resistive-inductive loads Switched mode regulators Analysis of Buck Regulators - Boost

regulators buck and boost regulators Cuk regulators Condition for continuous

inductor current and capacitor voltage comparison of regulators Multiouput boost

converters advantages applications Numerical problems.

Unit VII Pulse Width Modulated Inverters(single phase).

Principle of operation performance parameters single phase bridge inverter

evaluation of output voltage and current with resistive, inductive and Capacitive loads

Voltage control of single phase inverters single PWM Multiple PWM

sinusoidal PWM modified PWM phase displacement Control Advanced

modulation techniques for improved performance Trapezoidal, staircase, stepped,

harmonic injection and delta modulation Advantage application numericalproblems.

Unit VIII Pulse Width Modulated Inverters(three phase).

Three phase inverters analysis of 180 degree condition for output voltage and

current with resistive, inductive loads analysis of 120 degree Conduction voltage

control of three phase inverters sinusoidal PWM Third Harmonic PWM 60

degree PWM space vector modulation Comparison of PWM techniques

harmonic reductions Current Source Inverter variable d.c. link inverter boost

inverter buck and boost inverter - inverter circuit design advantages applications

numerical problems.

Textbooks:

1. Power Electronics Mohammed H. Rashid Pearson Education Third Edition First Indianreprint 2004.


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Syllabi for Pre.PhD/Pre M.Phil/ Pre MS. W.e.f. 2005-2006 Batch2. Power Electronics Ned Mohan, Tore M. Undeland and William P. Robbins John Wiley

AND Sons Second Edition

.


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Subject Code:R50703

DIELECTRICS AND INSULATION ENGINEERING

Unit 1 : Dielectrics and insulating Materials : Review of Dielectric Phenomenon :

Complex permittivity Polarisation Relaxation and resonant models. Solid, Liquid

and Gaseous insulating materials.

Unit 2 : Physical Thermal & Electrical properties-Classification of Insulating

Materials.

Solid Materials : Organic Fiber materials Ceramics & Synthetic polymers and their

applications.

Unit 3 : Liquid insulating Materials : Insulating oils, their properties and applications.

Gaseous Insulating Materials : Air and SF6 applications in electrical apparatus.

Unit 4 : Breakdown phenomenon in gaseous and vacuum insulation : Insulation and

decay processes-transition from self sustained discharges to breakdown.

Unit 5 : Townsend and streamer discharge paschens law penning effect-Time lags-

Surge breakdown voltage.

Unit 6 : Breakdown in non uniform fields-Vacuum insulation and vacuum

breakdown.

Unit 7 : Breakdown Phenomenon in Liquid and Solid insulation : pure and

commercial liquids-suspended particle and bubble theories-stressed oil volume

theory.

Unit 8 : Breakdown in solid insulation Intrinsic breakdown-Treeing and tracking

phenomenon-Thermal breakdown-Breakdown in composite dielectrics.

Reference Books :

1. High Voltage Engineering by E.Kuffel and W.S.Zaenal Pergamon press,

Oxford, 1984.

2. High Voltage Engineering - by M.S.Naidu and V.Kamaraju, Tata Mc Graw-

Hill Book Co., New Delhi, 2nd

edition, 1995.

3. Electrical Engineering Materilas B. Tareev, M.I.R. Publications, Moscow.

4. Physics of Dielectrics - B. Tareev, M.I.R. Publications, Moscow.

5.High Voltage Technology LL Alston, Oxford University Press 1968.

Subject Code:R50704

ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS


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Unit 1 : General : Introduction to Distribution system, an overview of the role of

computers in distribution system planning-Load modeling and characteristics:

definition of basic terms like demand factor, utilization factor, load factor, plant

factor, diversity factor, coincidence factor, contribution factor and loss factor-

Relationship between the load factor and loss factor - Classification of loads

(Residential, Commercial, Agricultural and Industrial) and their characteristics.

Unit 2 : Distribution Feeders and Substations : Design consideration of Distribution

feeders: Radial and loop types of primary feeders, voltage levels, feeder-loading.

Unit 3 : Design practice of the secondary distribution system.

Location of Substations : Rating of a Distribution Substation, service area with

primary feeders. Benefits derived through optimal location of substations.

Unit 4 : System analysis : Voltage drop and power loss calculations : Derivation for

volt-drop and power loss in lines, manual methods of solution for radial networks,

three-phase balanced primary lines, non-three-phase primary lines.

Unit 5 : Protective devices and coordination : Objectives of distribution system

protection, types of common faults and procedure for fault calculation.

Unit 6 : Protective Devices: Principle of operation of fuses, circuit reclosers, line

sectionalizer and circuit breakers. Coordination of protective devices : General

coordination procedure.

Unit 7 : Capacitive compensation for power factor control: Different types of power

capacitors, shunt and series capacitors, effect of shunt capacitors (Fixed and

switched) power factor correction, capacitor location. Economic justification.

Procedure to determine the best capacitor location.

Unit 8 : Voltage control : Equipment for voltage control, effect of series capacitors,

effect of AVB/AVR, line drop compensation.

Text Books :

1. Electric Power Distribution System Engineering by Turan Gonen,

Mc.Graw-Hill Book Company,1986.

2. Electric Power Distribution-by A.S.Pabla, Tata Mc Graw-Hill Publishing

Company, 4th

edition, 1997.

Subject Code:R50705

ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMSUnit 1:

Photo voltaic power generation ,spectral distribution of energy in solar radiation, solar

cell configurations, voltage developed by solar cell, photo current and load current,

practical solar cell performance, commercial photo voltaic systems, test

specifications for pv systems, applications of super conducting materials in electrical

equipment systems.,

Unit 2:

Principles of MHD power generation, ideal MHD generator performance, practical

MHD generator, MHD technology.

Unit 3:


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Wind Energy conversion: Power from wind, properties of air and wind, types of wind

Turbines, operating characteristics.

Unit 4:

Tides and tidal power stations, modes of operation , tidal project examples, turbines

and generators for tidal power generation. Wave energy conversion: properties of

waves and power content, vertex motion of Waves, device applications. Types of

ocean thermal energy conversion systems Application of OTEC systems examples,

Unit 5:Miscellaneous energy conversion systems: coal gasification and liquefaction, biomass

conversion, geothermal energy, thermo electric energy conversion, principles of EMF

generation, description of fuel cells

Unit 6:

Co-generation and energy storage, combined cycle co-generation, energy storage.

Global energy position and environmental effects: energy units, global energy

position..

Unit 7:

Types of fuel cells, H2-O2 Fuel cells, Application of fuel cells Batteries, Description

of batteries, Battery application for large power.Unit 8:

Environmental effects of energy conversion systems, pollution from coal and

preventive measures steam stations and pollution, pollution free energy systems.

TEXT BOOKS

Energy conversion systems by Rakosh das Begamudre, New age international

publishers, New Delhi - 2000.

Renewable Energy Resources by John Twidell and Tony Weir, 2nd

edition, Fspon

AND Co


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Subject Code:R50706

HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING

Unit 1: Electrostatic fields and field stress control :

Electric fields in homogeneous Isotropic materials and in multi dielectric media

Simple configurations field stress control. Methods of computing electrostatic

fields conductive analogues - Impedance networks Numerical techniques finite

difference method finite element method and charge simulation method.

Generation of High voltages and Currents :

Unit 2: Direct Voltages : AC to DC conversion methods electrostatic generators

Cascaded Voltage Multipliers, Alternating Voltages : Testing transformers

Resonant circuits and their applications.

Unit 3: Impulse Voltages : Impulse voltage specifications Impulse generation

circuits Operation, construction and design of Impulse generators.

Unit 4 :Generation of switching and long duration impulses. Impulse Currents

: Generation of High impulse currents and high current pulses.

Measurement of High Voltages :

Unit 5 : Measurement of High D.C. Voltages : Series resistance meters, voltage

dividers and generating voltmeters.

Measurement of High A.C. Voltages : Series impedance meters, electrostatic

voltmeters, potential transformers and CVTS voltage dividers and their

applications.

Unit 6 :Measurement of Peak Voltages : Sphere gaps, uniform field gaps, rod gaps.

Chubbs Fortesuere methods. Passive and active rectifier circuits for voltage

dividers.

Unit 7:Measurement of Impulse Voltage : Voltage dividers and impulse measuringsystems generalised voltage measuring circuits transfer characteristics of

measuring circuits L.V. Arms for voltage dividers compensated dividers.

Unit 8 :Measurement of Impulse Currents : Resistive shunts current

transformers Hall Generators and Faraday generators and their applications

Impulse Oscilloscopes.

Text Books:

1. High Voltage engineering E Kuffel and W.S.Zaengl. Pergamon press, Canada

Ltd., ` 1984.

2. High voltage engineering M.S.Naidu and V.Kamaraju, Tata Mcgraw Hill

Book Co.,New Delhi, 3nd

edition 2004.

Reference Books :

1. High voltage technology LL Alston Oxford University press 1968

2. High voltage Measuring Techniques A Schwab MIT press Cambridge USA

1972.

Subject Code:R50707

HIGH VOLTAGE D.C. TRANSMISSION

Unit 1 :

H.V.D.C. Transmission : General considerations, Power Handling Capabilities ofHVDC Lines, Basic Conversion principles, static converter configuration.


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Unit 2 :

Static Power Converters : 3-pulse, 6-pulse and 12-pulse converters, converter station

and Terminal equipment, commutation process, Rectifier and inverter operation,

equivalent circuit for converter special features of converter transformers.

Unit 3 :

Harmonics in HVDC Systems, Harmonic elimination, AC and DC filters.

Unit 4 :

Control of HVDC Converters and systems : constant current, constant extinctionangle and constant Ignition angle control. Individual phase control and equidistant

firing angle control, DC power flow control.

Unit 5 :

Interaction between HV AC and DC systems Voltage interaction, Harmonic

instability problems and DC power modulation.

Unit 6 :

Multi-terminal DC links and systems; series, parallel and series parallel systems, their

operation and control.

Unit 7 :Transient over voltages in HVDC systems : Over voltages due to disturbances on DC

side, over voltages due to DC and AC side line faults

Unit 8:

Converter faults and protection in HVDC Systems: Converter faults, over current

protection - valve group, and DC line protection. Over voltage protection of

converters, surge arresters.

Reference Books :

1. E.W. Kimbark : Direct current Transmission, Wiely Inter Science

NewYork.

1. J.Arillaga : H.V.D.C.Transmission Peter Peregrinus ltd., London UK 1983

2. K.R.Padiyar : High Voltage Direct current Transmission, Wiely Eastern Ltd.,

New Delhi 1992.

3. E.Uhlman : Power Transmission by Direct Current, Springer Verlag, Berlin

Helberg 1985.

Subject Code:R50708

MACHINE MODELLING AND ANALYSIS

Unit 1: Basic Two-pole DC machine - primitive 2-axis machine - Voltage andCurrent relationship - Torque equation

Unit 2: Mathematical model of separately excited DC motor and DC Series motor in

state variable form Transfer function of the motor Numerical problems

Unit 3: Mathematical model of D.C. shunt motor and D.C. Compound motor in state

variable form - Transfer function of the motor Numerical Problems

Unit 4: Linear transformation-Phase transformation (a,b,c to ,,o)-Active

transformation(,,o to d,q)


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Unit 5: Circuit model of a 3 phase Induction motor - Linear transformation - Phase

Transformation - Transformation to a Reference frame - Two axis models for

Induction motor

Unit 6: Voltage and current Equations in stator reference frame - Equation in Rotor

reference frame - Equations in a synchronously rotating frame - Torque equation-

Equations in state-space form

Unit 7: Circuit model of a 3ph Synchronous motor Two axis representation of Syn.

Motor.

Unit 8: Voltage and current Equations in state - space variable form - Torque

equation.

BOOKS :

1. Thyristor control of Electric Drives - Vedam Subramanyam.

2. Analysis of electric machinery and Drive systems - Paul C.Krause , Oleg

wasynezuk, Scott D.Sudhoff


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Subject Code:R50709

PARTIAL DISCHARGES IN HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT

Unit 1 : Types of partial discharges and its occurrence and recurrence and

magnitudes : Definition of Partial discharges, inception of internal discharges,

Inception of corona discharges.

Unit 2 : Discharges by electrical treeing. Discharges at AC Voltages, coronadischarges, Discharges at D.C. Voltages discharges at impulse voltages.

Object of discharge detection, Quantities related to the magnitude of discharges,

choice of PD as a measure for discharges.

Unit 3 : Electrical discharge detection & Detection circuits : Basic diagram,

amplification of impulses, sensitivity, resolution, observation. Straight detection.

Unit 4 : Balanced detection, calibrators, Interferences, choice between straight

detection & balance detection, common mode rejection.

Unit 5 : Location of Partial discharges : Non-electric location, location by separation

of electrodes, location with electrical probes.

Unit 6 : location by traveling waves, PD location in cables & switchgear by traveling

waves. Evaluation of discharges : Recognition, mechanisms of deterioration,

evaluation, specification.

Unit 7 : Detection in actual specimen : Detection in capacitors, cables, bushings.

Unit 8 : Transformers, machine insulation, Gas-insulated switchgear.

Reference :

1. Partial Discharges in HV Equipment by F..Kruguer, Butterworths & Co.,

Publications Ltd., 1989.


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Subject Code:R50710

POWER ELECTRONIC CONTROL OF DC DRIVES

UNIT I Controlled Bridge Rectifier (1- ) with DC Motor LoadSeparately excited DC motors with rectified single-phase supply single-phase semi

converter and single phase full converter for continuous and discontinuous modes of

operation power and power factor

UNIT II Controlled Bridge Rectifier (3- ) with DC Motor LoadThree-phase semi converter and Three phase full converter for continuous anddiscontinuous modes of operation power and power factor Addition of Free

wheeling diode Three phase double converter

UNIT-III Three phase naturally commutated bridge circuit as a

rectifier or as an inverter

Three phase controlled bridge rectifier with passive load impedance, resistive load

and ideal supply Highly inductive load and ideal supply for load side and supply

side quantities, shunt capacitor compensation, three phase controlled bridge rectifier

inverter.

UNIT IV Phase controlled DC Motor drives

Three phase controlled converter, control circuit, control modeling of three phaseconverter Steady state analysis of three phase converter control DC motor drive

Two quadrant, Three phase converter controlled DC motor drive DC motor and

load, converter

UNIT V Current and Speed controlled DC Motor drives

Current and speed controllers current and speed feedback Design of controllers

Current and speed controllers Motor equations filter in the sped feed back loop

speed controller current reference generator current controller and flow chart for

simulation Harmonics and associated problems sixth harmonics torque.

UNIT VI Chopper controlled DC motor drives

Principle of operation of the chopper Four- quadrant chopper circuit Chopper forinversion Chopper with other power devices model of the chopper input to the

chopper steady state analysis of chopper controlled DC motor drives rating of the

devices Pulsating torque.

UNIT VII Closed loop operation of DC motor drives

Speed controlled drive system current control loop pulse width modulated current

controller hysterisis current controller modeling of current controller design of

current controller

UNIT VIII Simulation of DC motor drives

Dynamic simulations of the speed controlled DC motor drives Speed feedback

speed controller command current generator current controller.

REFERENCES:1. Power Electronics and motor control Shepherd, Hulley, Liang II Edition, Cambridge

University Press

2. Electric motor drives modeling, Analysis and control R.Krishnan I Edition, Prentice

Hall India

3. Power Electronic circuits, Devices and Applications M.H.Rashid PHI I Edition

1995

4. Fundamentals of Electric Drives G.K. Dubey- Narosa Publications -1995

5. Power Semiconductor drives S.B.Dewan and A.Straughen 1975


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Subject Code:R50711

POWER QUALITYUnit 1: Introduction :

Introduction of the Power Quality (PQ) problem, Terms used in PQ: Voltage, Sag,

Swell, Surges, Harmonics, over voltages, spikes, Voltage fluctuations, Transients,

Interruption, overview of power quality phenomenon, Remedies to improve power

quality, power quality monitoring

Unit 2: Long InterruptionsInterruptions Definition Difference between failure, outage, Interruptions causes

of Long Interruptions Origin of Interruptions Limits for the Interruption frequency

Limits for the interruption duration costs of Interruption Overview of Reliability

evaluation to power quality, comparison of observations and reliability evaluation.

Unit 3: Short Interruptions

Short interruptions definition, origin of short interruptions, basic principle, fuse

saving, voltage magnitude events due to re-closing, voltage during the interruption,

monitoring of short interruptions, difference between medium and low voltage

systems. Multiple events, single phase tripping voltage and current during fault

period, voltage and current at post fault period, stochastic prediction of short

interruptions.

Unit 4: Voltage sag characterization Single phase:

Voltage sag definition, causes of voltage sag, voltage sag magnitude, monitoring,

theoretical calculation of voltage sag magnitude, voltage sag calculation in non-

radial systems, meshed systems, voltage sag duration.

Unit 5:Voltage sag characterization Three phase:

Three phase faults, phase angle jumps, magnitude and phase angle jumps for three

phase unbalanced sags, load influence on voltage sags.

Unit 6: PQ considerations in Industrial Power Systems:

Voltage sag equipment behaviour of Power electronic loads, induction motors,

synchronous motors, computers, consumer electronics, adjustable speed AC drives

and its operation. Mitigation of AC Drives, adjustable speed DC drives and its

operation, mitigation methods of DC drives.

Unit 7: Mitigation of Interruptions and Voltage Sags:

Overview of mitigation methods from fault to trip, reducing the number of faults,

reducing the fault clearing time changing the power system, installing mitigation

equipment, improving equipment immunity, different events and mitigation methods.

System equipment interface voltage source converter, series voltage controller,

shunt controller, combined shunt and series controller.

Unit 8: Power Quality and EMC Standards:

Introduction to standardization, IEC Electromagnetic compatibility standards,

European voltage characteristics standards, PQ surveys.

Reference Book:

1. Understanding Power Quality Problems by Math H J Bollen. IEEE Press.

Subject Code:R50712

POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL


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Unit 1 : Unit commitment problem : Introductions to UCP, thermal AND Hydral

constraints in Unit commitment : Priority list scheme method, unit commitment

problem solution by priority list scheme method,

Unit 2 : Unit commitment problem solutions by Dynamic programming Approach.

Introduction, advantages of DP method over priority list scheme, Back word DP

approach, forward DP approach algorithm and their flow charts solution UCP using

Dynamic program method.

Unit 3 : Load Frequency Control-I : Necessity of keeping frequency constant.

Definition of control area, single area control, Block diagram representation of an

isolated Power System, Steady State analysis, Dynamic response-Uncontrolled case.

Unit 4 : Proportional plus Integral control of single area and its block diagram

representation, steady state response, load frequency control and Economic dispatch

control.

Unit 5 : Load Frequency Control-II : Load frequency control of 2-area system :

uncontrolled case and controlled case, tie-time bias control.

Unit 6 : Optimal LF control-steady state representation, performance Index and

optimal parameter adjustment.

Unit 7 : Generation with limited Energy supply : Take-or-pay fuel supply contract,

composite generation production cost function. Solution by gradient search

techniques, Hard limits and slack variables, Fuel scheduling by linear programming.

Unit 8 : Interchange Evaluation and Power Pools Economy Interchange, Economy

interchange Evaluation, Interchange Evaluation with unit commitment, Multiple

Interchange contracts. After-the-fact production costing, Transmission Losses in

transaction Evaluation, other types of Interchange, power pools.

Reference Books :

1. Power Generation, Operation and Control - by A.J.Wood and

B.F.Wollenberg,John wiley AND sons Inc. 1984.

2. Electrical Energy Systems Theory - by O.I.Elgerd, Tata Mc Graw-Hill

Publishing Company Ltd, 2nd

edition.

3. Modern Power System Analysis - by I.J.Nagrath AND D.P.Kothari, Tata Mc

Graw-Hill Publishing Company ltd, 2nd

edition.

Subject Code:R50713

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS AND THEIR

APPLICATIONS

Unit 1:

PLC Basics: PLC system, I/O modules and interfacing, CPU processor, programming

equipment, programming formats, construction of PLC ladder diagrams, devices

connected to I/O modules.


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Unit 2:

PLC Programming: Input instructions, outputs, operational procedures, programming

examples using contacts and coils. Drill press operation.

Unit 3:

Digital logic gates, programming in the Boolean algebra system, conversion

examples. Ladder diagrams for process control: Ladder diagrams and sequence

listings, ladder diagram construction and flow chart for spray process system.

Unit 4:

PLC Registers: Characteristics of Registers, module addressing, holding registers,

input registers, output registers.

Unit 5:

PLC Functions: Timer functions and Industrial applications, counters, counter

function industrial applications, Arithmetic functions, Number comparison functions,

number conversion functions.

Unit 6:

Data Handling functions: SKIP, Master control Relay, Jump, Move, FIFO, FAL,

ONS, CLR and Sweep functions and their applications.

Unit 7:

Bit Pattern and changing a bit shift register, sequence functions and applications,

controlling of two axis and three axis Robots with PLC, Matrix functions.

Unit 8:

Analog PLC operation: Analog modules and systems, Analog signal processing, multi

bit data processing, analog output application examples, PID principles, position

indicator with PID control, PID modules, PID tuning, PID functions.

Reference Books:

1. Programmable Logic Controllers Principle and Applications by John W.Webb and Ronald A. Reiss, Fifth Edition, PHI

2. Programmable Logic Controllers Programming Method and Applications by

JR. Hackworth and F.D Hackworth Jr. Pearson, 2004.

Subject Code:R50714

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING

Unit 1:

Elements of probability theoryProbability distributions : Random variables, density and distribution functions.

Mathematical expectation. Binominal distribution, Poisson distribution, normal

distribution, exponential distribution, Weibull distribution.

Unit 2:

Definition of Reliability. Significance of the terms appearing in the definition.

Component reliability, Hazard rate, derivation of the reliability function in terms of

the hazarad rate. Hazard models.

Unit 3:

Failures: Causes of failures, types of failures ( early failures, chance failures and

wear-out failues). Modes of failure. Bath tub curve. Effect of preventive


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maintenance. Measures of reliability: mean time to failure and mean time between

failures.

Unit 4:

Reliability logic diagrams ( reliability block diagrams)

Classification of engineering systems: series, parallel, series-parallel, parallel-series

and non-series-parallel configurations. Expressions for the reliability of the basic

configurations.

Unit 5:

Reliability evaluation of Non-series-parallel configurations: minimal tie-set, minimal

cut-set and decomposition methods. Deduction of the minimal cutsets from the

minimal pathsets.

Unit 6:

Discrete Markov Chains: General modelling concepts, stochastic transitional

probability matrix, time dependent probability evaluation and limiting state

probability evaluation. Absorbing states.

Unit 7:

Continuous Markov Processes: Modelling concepts, State space diagrams, Stochastic

Transitional Probability Matrix, Evaluating limiting state Probabilities.Reliability evaluation of repairable systems.

Unit 8:

Series systems, parallel systems with two and more than two components, Network

reduction techniques. Minimal cutest / failure mode approach.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Reliability Evaluation of Engineering Systems, Roy Billinton and Ronald N

Allan, Plenum Press.

Subject Code:R50715

VOLTAGE STABILITY

Unit 1: Introduction to Voltage Stability

Definitions: Voltage Stability, Voltage Collapse, Voltage Security; Physical relation

indicating dependency of voltage on reactive power flow; Factors affecting Voltage

collapse and instability; Previous cases of voltage collapse incidences.

Unit 2: Graphical Analysis of Voltage Stability

Comparison of Voltage and angular stability of the system; Graphical Methods

describing voltage collapse phenomenon: P-V and Q-V curves; detailed description of

voltage collapse phenomenon with the help of Q-V curves.

Unit 3: Analysis of Voltage Stability

Analysis of voltage stability on SMLB system: Analytical treatment and analysis.

Unit 4: Voltage Stability Indices

Voltage collapse proximity indicator; Determinant of Jacobin as proximity indicators;

Voltage stability margin.

Unit 5: Power System Loads

Loads that influences voltage stability: Discharge lights, Induction Motor, Air-conditioning, heat pumps, electronic power supplies, OH lines and cables.


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Unit 6: Reactive Power Compensation

Generation and Absorption of reactive power; Series and Shunt compensation;

Synchronous condensers, SVC s; OLTC s; Booster Transformers.

Unit 7: Voltage Stability Margin

Stabilty Margin: Compensated and un-comensated systems.

Unit 8: Voltage Security

Definition; Voltage security; Methods to improve voltage stability and its practical

aspects.

Text Books:

1) Performance, operation and control of EHV power transmission system-

A.CHAKRABARTHY, D.P. KOTARI and A.K.MUKOPADYAY,

A.H.Wheeler Publishing, I Edition, 1995.

2) Power System Dynamics: Stability and Control K.R.PADIYAR, II Edition,

B.S.Publications.

Reference:

Power System Voltage Stability- C.W.TAYLOR, Mc Graw Hill, 1994.


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Subject Code:R50751

ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

UNIT-I: Digital Filter Structure

Block diagram representation-Equivalent Structures-FIR and IIR digital filter

Structures All pass Filters-tunable IIR Digital Filters-IIR tapped cascaded Lattice

Structures-FIR cascaded Lattice structures-Parallel-Digital Sine-cosine generator-

Computational complexity of digital filter structures.

UNIT-II: Digital filter design

Preliminary considerations-Bilinear transformation method of IIR filter design-design

of Low pass highpass-Bandpass, and Band stop- IIR digital filters-Spectral

transformations of IIR filters- FIR filter design-based on Windowed Fourier series-

design of FIR digital filters with least mean- Square-error-constrained Least-square

design of FIR digital filters

UNIT-III: DSP algorithm implementation

Computation of the discrete Fourier transform- Number representation-Arithmetic

operations-handling of overflow-Tunable digital filters-function approximation.

UNIT-IV Analysis of finite Word length effectsTheQuantization process and errors- Quantization of fixed -point and floating -point

Numbers-Analysis of coefficient Quantization effects - Analysis of Arithmetic

Round-off errors-Dynamic range scaling-signal- to- noise ratio in Low -order IIR

filters-Low-Sensitivity Digital filters-Reduction of Product round-off errors using

error feedback-Limit cycles in IIR digital filters- Round-off errors in FFT Algorithms.

UNIT V: Power Spectrum Estimation

Estimation of spectra from Finite Duration Observations signals Non-parametric

methods for power spectrum Estimation parametric method for power spectrum

Estimation-Estimation of spectral form-Finite duration observation of signals-Non-parametric methods for power spectrum estimation-Walsh methods-Blackman AND

torchy method.

Reference Books:

1. Digital signal processing-sanjit K. Mitra-TMH second edition

2. Discrete Time Signal Processing Alan V.Oppenheim, Ronald W.Shafer -

PHI-1996 1st

edition-9th

reprint

3. Digital Signal Processing principles, algorithms and Applications John

G.Proakis -PHI 3rd

edition-2002.

4. Digital Signal Processing S.Salivahanan, A.Vallavaraj, C. Gnanapriya

TMH - 2nd reprint-2001

5. Theory and Applications of Digital Signal Proceesing-LourensR. Rebinar &

Bernold.

6. Digital Filter Analysis and Design-Auntonian-TMH

Subject Code:R50752

ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION


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Unit 1:

Primary and back up protection, current transformers for protection, potential

transformer, review of electromagnetic relays static relays.

Unit 2:

Over current relays time current characteristic, current setting time setting,

directional relay, static over current relays.

Unit 3:

Distance protection : impedance, reactance, mho, angle impedance relays. Inputquantities for various types of distance relays, effect of arc resistance on the

performance of distance relays, selection of distance relays. MHO relay with blinders,

quadrilateral relay, elliptical relay. Restricted mho, impedance directional, reactance

relays. Swiveling characteristics.

Unit 4:

Compensation for correct distance measurement, reduction of measuring units

switched schemes. Pilot relaying schemes. Wire pilot protection, circulating current

scheme, balanced voltage scheme, transley scheme , carrier current protection, phase

comparison carrier current protection, carrier aided distance protection.

Unit 5:Digital relaying algorithms, differential equation technique, discrete fourier transform

technique, walsh-hadamard transform technique, rationalized harr transform

technique, removal of dc offset

Unit 6:

Introduction to Microprocessors: review of microprocessors and interfacing. single

chip microcomputers programmable interval timer, A/D converter.

Unit 7:

Microprocessor based protective relays: over current, directional, impedance,

reactance relays. Generalized mathematical expressions for distance relays, mho andoffset mho relays, quadrilateral relay.

Unit 8:

Microprocessor implementation of digital distance relaying algorithms.

Text book

1. Power system protection AND switchgear by Badri ram AND vishwakarma, TMH publication New

Delhi 1995.

2. Power System Protection by Madhava Rao TMH

Reference Books1.Power System by Ravindra Nath and Chandar PHI.

Subject Code:R50753

COLLISION PHENOMENA AND PLASMA ELECTRONICS

Unit 1 :

IONIZATION, DEIONIZATION AND ELECTRON EMISION :Ionization and

plasma conductivity, Production of charged particles, Ionization by cosmic rays,

Thermal ionization. The free path, excited states, metastable states. Diffusion,


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Recombination, Negative ions. Photoelectric emission, Thermionic emission, Field

emission.

Unit 2 :

BEHAVIOUR OF CHARGED PARTICLES IN A GAS IN ELECTRIC FIELDS

OF LOW E/p AND HIGH E/p

Definition and significance of mobility, Forces between ions and molecules,

Diffusion under low fields, Electron drift velocity.

Unit 3 :

What is high E/p?, Coefficient of ionization by electron collision, evaluation of ,

electron avalanche, effect of the cathode, Ionization coefficient in alternating fields.

Unit 4:

THE SELF-SUSTAINING DISCHARGE BREAKDOWN MECHANISMS :

Ionization by positive-ion collision, Cathode processes, space-charge field of an

avalanche, Critical avalanche size, Townsend mechanism and its limitations,

Streamer formation. The transition between the breakdown mechanisms, The effect

of electron attachment.

Unit 5 :

PARTIAL BREAKDOWN AND BREAKDOWN UNDER ALTERNATINGFIELDS : Electron current, positive-ion current, total current, characteristic time,

effect of space charge, Anode coronas, Cathode coronas.

Unit 6 :

Mobility-controlled breakdown, Microwave of diffusion-controlled breakdown, Non-

uniform alternating-field breakdown, Laser breakdown.

Unit 7:

THE GLOW AND PLASMA : General description, The cathode zone, Negative

glow and Faraday dark space, positive column, Anode region, Other effects.

Unit 8 :Definition of plasma, Debye length, scope of known plasmas, Plasma oscillations,

high-temperature plasmas, Plasma diagnostics.

Reference Book :

1. Fundamentals of GASEOUS IONIZATION AND PLASMA ELECTRONICS

by Essam Nasser, John Willey & Sons, Princted in America, 1971

Subject Code: R50754

DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

UNIT I SAMPLING AND RECONSTRUCTION

Introduction, sample and hold operations, Sampling theorem, Reconstruction oforiginal sampled signal to continuous-time signal.

THE Z TRANSFORMSIntroduction, Linear difference equations, pulse response, Z transforms, Theoremsof Z Transforms, the inverse Z transforms, Modified Z- Transforms.

UNIT-II Z-PLANE ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE-TIME CONTROLSYSTEMZ-Transform method for solving difference equations; Pulse transforms function,

block diagram analysis of sampled data systems, mapping between s-plane and z-plane: Primary strips and Complementary Strips.


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UNIT III STATE SPACE ANALYSISState Space Representation of discrete time systems, Pulse Transfer Function Matrixsolving discrete time state space equations, State transition matrix and its Properties,Methods for Computation of State Transition Matrix, Discretization of continuoustime state space equations

UNIT IV CONTROLLABILITY AND OBSERVABILITYConcepts of Controllability and Observability, Tests for controllability andObservability. Duality between Controllability and Observability, Controllability andObservability conditions for Pulse Transfer Function.

UNIT V STABILITY ANALYSIS

Stability Analysis of closed loop systems in the Z-Plane. Jury stability test StabilityAnalysis by use of the Bilinear Transformation and Routh Stability criterion. Stabilityanalysis using Liapunov theorems.

UNIT VI DESIGN OF DISCRETE TIME CONTROL SYSTEM BYCONVENTIONAL METHODS

Design of digital control based on the frequency response method BilinearTransformation and Design procedure in the w-plane, Lead, Lag and Lead-Lagcompensators and digital PID controllers. Design digital control through deadbeatresponse method.

UNIT VII STATE FEEDBACK CONTROLLERS AND OBSERVERSDesign of state feedback controller through pole placement Necessary and sufficientconditions, Ackermans formula. State Observers Full order and Reduced orderobservers.

UNIT VIII LINEAR QUADRATIC REGULATORSMin/Max principle, Linear Quadratic Regulators, Kalman filters, State estimationthrough Kalman filters, introduction to adaptive controls.

TEXT BOOKS:1. Discrete-Time Control systems - K. Ogata, Pearson Education/PHI, 2nd Edition2. Digital Control and State Variable Methods by M.Gopal, TMH

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Digital Control Systems, Kuo, Oxford University Press, 2nd Edition, 2003.2. Digital Control Engineering, M.Gopal

Subject Code:R50755

EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION

Unit 1 : E.H.V. A.C. Transmission line trends and preliminary aspects standard

transmission voltages power handling capacities and line losses mechanical

aspects.

Unit 2 : Calculation of line resistance and inductances : resistance of conductors,

temperature rise of conductor and current carrying capacity. Properties of bundled

conductors and geometric mean radims of bundle, inductance of two conductor lines

and multi conductor lines, Maxwells coefficient matrix.

Unit 3 : Line capacitance calculation : capacitance of two conductor line, and

capacitance of multi conductor lines, potential coefficients for bundled conductor

lines, sequence inductances and capacitances and diagonalization.

Unit 4 : Calculation of electro static field traveling waves due to corona Audio

noise die to corona, its generation, characteristics and limits measurement of audio

noise.


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Unit 5 : Surface voltage Gradient on conductors, surface gradient on 2 conductor

bundle and consine law, Maximum surface voltage gradient of bundle with more than

3 sub conductors, Mangolt formula.

Unit 6 : Corona : Corona in EHV lines corona loss formulate attenuation of

traveling waves due to corona Audio noise due to corona, its generation,

characteristics and limits measurement of audio noise.

Unit 7 : Power Frequency voltage control : Problems at power frequency, generalized

constants, No load voltage conditions and charging currents, voltage control using

synchronous conductor, cascade connection of components : Shunt and series

compensation, sub synchronous resonance in series capacitor compensated lines

Unit 8 : Static reactive compensatiog systems : Introduction, SVC schemes,

Harmonics injected in to network by TCR, design of filters for suppressing harmonics

injected in to the system.

Reference Books :

1. Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering Rakosh Das

Begamudre, Wiley Eastem ltd., New Delhi 1987.2. EHV Transmission line reference book Edision Electric Institute (GEC)

1986.


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Subject Code:R50756

FLEXIBLE AC. TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

Unit 1: FACTS Concepts:

Transmission interconnections power flow in an AC system, loading capability

limits, Dynamic stability considerations, importance of controllable parameters basic

types of FACTS controllers, benefits from FACTS controllers.

Unit 2:Voltage Source Converters:

Single phase three phase full wave bridge converters transformer connections for 12

pulse 24 and 48 pulse operation.

Unit 3:

Three level voltage source converter, pulse width modulation converter, basic concept

of current source Converters, comparison of current source converters with voltage

source converters.

Unit 4: Static Shunt Compensation:

Objectives of shunt compensation, mid point voltage regulation voltage instability

prevention, improvement of transient stability, Power oscillation damping

Unit 5:

Methods of controllable var generation, variable impedance type static var generators

switching converter type var generators hybrid var generators.

Unit 6: SVC and STATCOM:

The regulation and slope transfer function and dynamic performance, transient

stability enhancement and power oscillation damping operating point control and

summary of compensator control.

Unit 7: Static Series Compensators:

concept of series capacitive compensation, improvement of transient stabillity, poweroscillation damping

Unit 8:

Functional requirements. GTO thyristor controlled series capacitor(GSC) , thyristor

switched series capacitor(TSSC), and thrystor controlled series capacitor(TCSC)

control schemes for GSC TSSC and TCSC.

Text Book :

1. Understanding FACTS Devices N.G. Hingorani and L. Guygi. IEEE

Press Publications 2000.

Subject Code:R50757

HIGH VOLTAGE TESTING TECHNIQUES

Unit 1 : Non Destructive Testing Techniques : Measurement of DC Resistivity

Dielectric loss and dielectric constant of insulating materials Schering bridge

method Transformer ratio arm bridge for high voltage and high current applications null detectors.


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Unit 2 : High Voltage Testing of Power Apparatus : Need for testing standards

Standards for porcelain/Glass insulators-Classification of porcelain/glass insulator

tests Tests for cap and pin porcelain/Glass insulators.

Unit 3 : High voltage AC testing methods-Power frequency tests-Over voltage tests

on insulators, Isolators, Circuit Breakers and power cables.

Unit 4 : Artificial Contamination Tests : Contamination flashover phenomena-

Contamination Severity-Artificial contamination tests-Laboratory Testing versus in-

Service Performance-Case study.

Unit 5 : Impulse Testing : Impulse testing of transformers-Surge diverters-and other

apparatus.

Unit 6 : Partial Discharge Measurement : PD equivalent model-PD currents-PD

measuring circuits-Straight and balanced detectors-Location and estimation of PD in

power apparatus-PD measurement by non electrical methods-Calibration of PD

detectors.

Unit 7 : RIV Measurements : Radio Interference RIV Measurement of RI and

RIV in laboratories and in field. Different test arrangements and their limitations.

Unit 8 : Why do Insulators fail : Handling-Vandalism-Quality control-Application

problems.

Detecting defective Insulators : Introduction-Detecting defective Porcelain insulators-

Detecting defective Non Ceramic Insulators.

Making Insulators work in contaminated environments : Cleaning-Modification of

Insulator design-Mobile protective coatings-Solid water Repellent coatings-Line

voltage reduction.

References :

1. High Voltage Engineering by E.KUFFEL and W.S.ZAEGNL Pergamonpress, Oxford 1984.

2. High Voltage Engineering by M.S.Naidu and V.Kamaraju, Tata Mc Graw

Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi 2001.

3. Discharge Detection in H.V. Equipment by KREUGER, F.H. Haywood

London 1964.

4. Outdoor Insulators by Gorur & Cherney.

Subject Code:R50758

MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS

Unit 1: 8086/8088 processors : Introduction to 8086 Microprocessors,

,Architecture, Addressing modes, Instruction set, Register Organization, Assembler

directives.


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Unit 2: Hard ware description: Pindiagram signal description min AND max

modes, bus timing, ready AND wait states, 8086 based micro computing system.

Unit 3: Special features AND Related Programming : Stack structure of 8086,

Memory segmentation, Interrupts, ISR, NMI, MI and interrupt Programming,

Macros.

Unit 4: Advanced Microprocessors: Intel 80386 programming model ,memory

paging, Introduction to 80486, Introduction to Pentium Microprocessors and special

Pentium pro features.

Unit 5 :-Basic peripherals AND Their Interfacing:-Memory Interfacing (DRAM)

PPI- Modes of operation of 8255 ,Interfacing to ADC AND DAC.

Unit 6:- Special Purpose of Programmable Peripheral Devices and Their

interfacing :-Programmable interval timer , 8253 , PIC 8259A,display controller

Programmable communication Interface 8251,USART and Exercises.

Unit 7 :-Microcontrollers : Introduction to Intel 8 bit AND16 bit Microcontrollers,

8051- Architecture, Memory organization, Addressing Modes and exercises

Unit 8:- Hardware description of 8051: Instruction formats ,Instruction sets,

interrupt Structure AND interrupt priorities, Port structures ANDOperation linear

counter Functions ,different Modes of Operation and Programming examples.

TEXT BOOKS :-

1.The Intel Microprocessors Architecture Programming ANDInterfacing by

Barry b Brey.

2.Advanceed Microprocessors by kenrith J Ayala , Thomson publishers.

3.Microcontrollers by kentrith J ayala,Thomson publishers.

Reference Books:-

1. Microprocessors AND Interfacing Programming AND Hard ware byDOUGLAS V.Hall

2. Microprocessors AND Microcontrollers by Prof. C.R.Sarma


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Subject code:R50759

MODERN POWER ELECTRONICS

Unit I : Modern power semiconductor devices

Modern power semiconductor devices MOS Turn Off Thyristor (MTO) Emitter

Turn Off Thyristor (ETO) Intergrated Gate-Commutated thyristor (IGCTs) MOS-

controlled thyristors(MCTs) Static Induction Thyristors (SITHs) Power integrated

circuits (PICs) symbol, structure and equivalent circuit comparison of their

features.

Unit II : Resonant Pulse InvertersResonant pulse inverters series resonant inverters series resonant inverters with

unidirectional switches series resonant inverters with bidirectional Switches

analysis of half bridge resonant inverter evaluation of currents and Voltages of a

simple resonant inverter analysis of half bridge and full bridge resonant inverter

with bidirectional switches Frequency response of series resonant inverters for

series loaded inverter for parallel loaded inverter For series and parallel loaded

inverters parallel resonant inverters Voltage control of resonant inverters class E

resonant inverter class E resonant rectifier evaluation of values of Cs andLs for

class E inverter and Class E rectifier numerical problems.

Unit III : Resonant converters.

Resonant converters zero current switching resonant converters L type ZCSresonant converter M type ZCS resonant converter zero voltage Switching

resonant converters comparison between ZCS and ZVS resonant Converters Two

quadrant ZVS resonant converters resonant dc-link Inverters evaluation of L and

C for a zero current switching inverter Numerical problems.

Unit IV : Multilevel Inverters.

Multilevel concept Classification of multilevel inverters Diode clamped

Multilevel inverter principle of operation main features improved diode

Clamped inverter principle of operation Flying capacitors multilevel inverter -

principle of operation main features

Unit V : Multilevel Inverters (continued)

cascaded multilevel inverter principle of operation main features Multilevelinverter applications reactive power compensation back to back intertie system

adjustable drives -Switching device currents dc link capacitor voltage balancing

features of Multilevel inverters comparisons of multilevel converters.

Unit VI : DC Power Supplies.

DC power supplies classification - switched mode dc power supplies flyback

Converter forward converter push-pull converter half bridge converter Full

bridge converter Resonant d c power supplies bidirectional power Supplies

Applications.

Unit VII : AC Power Supplies.

AC power supplies classification switched mode ac power supplies Resonant ACpower supplies bidirectional ac power supplies multistage conversions control

circuits applications.

Unit VIII : Power Conditioners and Uninterruptible Power Supplies.

Introduction power line disturbances power conditioners uninterruptible Power

supplies applications.

Textbooks:1. Power Electronics Mohammed H. Rashid Pearson Education-Third Edition

2. Power Electronics Ned Mohan, Tore M. Undeland and William P. Robbins John Wiley

and Sons Second Edition.


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Subject code:R50760

NEURAL AND FUZZY SYSTEMS

Unit I: Introduction to Neural Networks

Introduction, Humans and Computers, Organization of the Brain, Biological Neuron,

Biological and Artificial Neuron Models, Hodgkin-Huxley Neuron Model, Integrate-

and-Fire Neuron Model, Spiking Neuron Model, Characteristics of ANN, McCulloch-

Pitts Model, Historical Developments, Potential Applications of ANN.

Unit- II: Essentials of Artificial Neural Networks

Artificial Neuron Model, Operations of Artificial Neuron, Types of NeuronActivation Function, ANN Architectures, Classification Taxonomy of ANN

Connectivity, Neural Dynamics (Activation and Synaptic), Learning Strategy

(Supervised, Unsupervised, Reinforcement), Learning Rules, Types of Application

UnitIII: Feed Forward Neural Networks

Introduction, Perceptron Models: Discrete, Continuous and Multi-Category, Training

Algorithms: Discrete and Continuous Perceptron Networks, Perceptron Convergence

theorem, Limitations of the Perceptron Model, Applications.

Multilayer Feed forward Neural Networks

Credit Assignment Problem, Generalized Delta Rule, Derivation of Backpropagation

(BP) Training, Summary of Backpropagation Algorithm, Kolmogorov Theorem,

Learning Difficulties and Improvements.

Unit IV: Associative Memories

Paradigms of Associative Memory, Pattern Mathematics, Hebbian Learning, General

Concepts of Associative Memory (Associative Matrix, Association Rules, Hamming

Distance, The Linear Associator, Matrix Memories, Content Addressable Memory),

Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM) Architecture, BAM Training Algorithms:

Storage and Recall Algorithm, BAM Energy Function, Proof of BAM Stability

Theorem

Architecture of Hopfield Network: Discrete and Continuous versions, Storage and

Recall Algorithm, Stability Analysis, Capacity of the Hopfield Network.

Unit V: Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) and Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART)Introduction, Competitive Learning, Vector Quantization, Self-Organized Learning Networks,

Kohonen Networks, Training Algorithms, Linear Vector Quantization, Stability-Plasticity Dilemma,

Feed forward competition, Feedback Competition, Instar, Outstar, ART1, ART2, Applications.

Unit VI: Classical AND Fuzzy SetsIntroduction to classical sets - properties, Operations and relations; Fuzzy sets, Membership,

Uncertainty, Operations, properties, fuzzy relations, cardinalities, membership functions.

UNIT VII: Fuzzy Logic System Components

Fuzzification, Membership value assignment, development of rule base and decision

making ystem, Defuzzification to crisp sets, Defuzzification methods.

UNIT VIII: Applications

Neural network applications: Process identification, Function Approximation, control

and Process Monitoring, fault diagnosis and load forecasting.

Fuzzy logic applications: Fuzzy logic control and Fuzzy classification.

TEXT BOOK:1. Neural Networks, Fuzzy logic, Genetic algorithms: synthesis and applications by Rajasekharan and

Rai PHI Publication.

2. Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems - Jacek M. Zuarda, Jaico Publishing House, 1997.

REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Neural and Fuzzy Systems: Foundation, Architectures and Applications, - N. Yadaiah and S. Bapi

Raju, Pearson Education

2. Neural Networks James A Freeman and Davis Skapura, Pearson, 2002.

3. Neural Networks Simon Hykins , Pearson Education

4. Neural Engineering by C.Eliasmith and CH.Anderson, PHI


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Subject Code :R50761

POWER ELECTRONIC CONTROL OF A.C. DRIVES

UNIT I: Introduction to AC Drives

Introduction to motor drives Torque production Equivalent circuit analysis

Speed-Torque Characteristics with Variable voltage operation, Variable frequency

operation, constant v/f operation Variable stator current operation Induction motor

characteristics in constant torque and field weakening regions

UNIT II: Control of Induction motor drives at Stator sideScalar control Voltage fed inverter control Open loop volts/Hz control speed

control slip regulation speed control with torque and flux control current

controlled voltage fed inverter drive current-fed inverter control Independent

current and frequency control Speed and flux control in Current-Fed inverter drive

Volts/Hz control of Current-fed inverter drive Efficiency optimization control by

flux program

UNIT III: Control of Induction motor drives at Rotor side

Slip power recovery drives Static Kramer Drive Phasor diagram Torque

expression - Speed control of a Kramer Drive Static Scheribus Drive modes of

operation

UNIT IV: Vector control of Induction Motor Drives

Principles of Vector control Vector control methods Direct method of vector

control Indirect method of vector control Adaptive control principles Self tuning

regulator Model referencing control.

UNIT V: Control of Synchronous motor drives

Synchronous motor and its characteristics Control strategies Constant torque angle

control Unity power factor control Constant mutual flux linkage control

UNIT VI: Controllers

Flux weakening operation Maximum speed Direct flux weakening algorithm

Constant Torque mode controller Flux Weakening controller Indirect flux

weakening Maximum permissible torque speed control scheme Implementationstrategy Speed controller design.

UNIT VII: VARIABLE RELUCTANCE MOTOR DRIVE

Variable Reluctance motor drives - Torque production in the variable reluctance

motor Drive characteristics and control principles Current control variable

reluctance motor servo drive

UNIT VIII: BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR DRIVES

Three phase full wave Brushless dc motor Sinusoidal type of Brushless dc motor

current controlled Brushless dc motor Servo drive

REFERENCES:

1. Electric Motor Drives Pearson Modeling, Analysis and Control R.Krishnan

Publications 1st

edition 2002

2. Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives B.K.Bose Pearson Publications 1st

edition

3. Power Electronic control of AC Motors MD Murphy and FG Turn Bull Pergman

Press(For Chapters II, III, V) 1st edition

4. Power Electronics and AC Drives B.K.Bose Prentice Hall, Eagle wood diffs New

Jersey(for chapters I, II, IV) 1 st edition

5. Power Electronic circuits, Devices and Applications M.H.Rashid PHI - 1995

6. Fundamentals of Electrical Drives G.K.Dubey Narora publications - 1995 (For

Chapter II)

7. Power Electronics and Variable frequency drives B.K.Bose IEEE Press Standard

publications -1st

edition 2002


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Subject Code : R 50762

POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND STABILITY

Unit 1 : System Dynamics : Synchronous machine model in state space form ,

computer representation for excitation and governor systems modelling of loads and

induction machines.

Unit 2 : Steady state stability steady state stability limit Dynamic Stability limit

Dynamic stability analysis.

Unit 3 : State space representation of synchronous machine connected to infinite bus,

Time response Stability by eigen value approach.

Unit 4 : Digital Simulation of Transient Stability : Swing equation, Machine

equations Representation of loads Alternate cycle solution method Direct

method of solution.

Unit 5 : Solution Techniques : Modified Euler method Runge Kutta method

Concept of multi machine stability.

Unit 6 : Effect of governor action and exciter on power system stability. Effect of

saturation, saliency & automatic voltage regulators on stability.

Unit 7 : Excitation Systems : Rotating Self-excited Exciter with direct acting

Rheostatic type, voltage regulator Rotating main and Pilot Exciters with Indirect

Acting Rheostatic Type Voltage Regulator.

Unit 8 : Rotating Main Exciter, Rotating Amplifier and Static Voltage Regulator

Static excitation scheme Brushless excitation system.

Reference Books :

1. Power System Stability by Kimbark Vol. I&II, III

2. Power System control and stability by Anderson and Foud

3. Computer Applications to Power SystemsGlenn.W.Stagg & Ahmed.

H.El.Abiad

4. Computer Applications to Power Systems M.A.Pai

5. Power Systems Analysis & Stability S.S.Vadhera Khanna Publishers


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POWER SYSTEM RELIABILITY

Unit I: Generating System Reliability Analysis I

Generation system model capacity outage probability tables Recursive relation for

capacitive model building sequential addition method unit removal Evaluation

of loss of load and energy indices Examples

Unit II: Generating System Reliability Analysis II

Frequency and Duration methods Evaluation of equivalent transitional rates ofidentical and non-identical units Evaluation of cumulative probability and

cumulative frequency of non-identical generating units 2-level daily load

representation - merging generation and load models Examples

Unit III: Operating Reserve Evaluation

Basic concepts - risk indices PJM methods security function approach rapid start

and hot reserve units Modelling using STPM approach.

Unit IV: Bulk Power System Reliability Evaluation

Basic configuration conditional probability approach system and load point

reliability indices weather effects on transmission lines Weighted average rate and

Markov model Common mode failures.

Unit V: Inter Connected System Reliability Analysis

Probability array method Two inter connected systems with independent loads

effects of limited and unlimited tie capacity - imperfect tie Two connected Systems

with correlated loads Expression for cumulative probability and cumulative

frequency.

Unit VI: Distribution System Reliability Analysis I (Radial configuration)

Basic Techniques Radial networks Evaluation of Basic reliability indices,

performance indices - load point and system reliability indices customer oriented,

loss and energy oriented indices Examples

Unit VII: Distribution System Reliability Analysis - II(Parallel configuration)Basic techniques inclusion of bus bar failures, scheduled maintenance temporary

and transient failures weather effects common mode failures Evaluation of

various indices Examples

Unit VIII: Substations and Switching Stations:

Effects of short-circuits - breaker operation Open and Short-circuit failures Active

and Passive failures switching after faults circuit breaker model preventive

maintenance exponential maintenance times.

Reference Books:

1. Reliability Evaluation of Power Systems by Roy Billinton and Ronald N. Allan, Plenum press,

New York and London (Second Edition), 1996.

2. Reliability Modeling in Electric Power Systems by J. Endrenyi, JohnWiley and Sons, 1978. (First Edition)


REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION AND MANAGEMENT

UNIT I:Load Compensation


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Objectives and specifications reactive power characteristics inductive and

capacitive approximate biasing Load compensator as a voltage regulator phase

balancing and power factor correction of unsymmetrical loads- examples.

UNIT II: Steady state reactive power compensation in transmission system:

Uncompensated line types of compensation Passive shunt and series and dynamic

shunt compensation examples

UNIT III:Transient state reactive power compensation in transmission systems:

Characteristic time periods passive shunt compensation static compensations-

series capacitor compensation compensation using synchronous condensers examples

UNIT-IV:Reactive power coordination:

Objective Mathematical modeling Operation planning transmission benefits

Basic concepts of quality of power supply disturbances- steady state variations

effects of under voltages frequency Harmonics, radio frequency and

electromagnetic interferences

UNIT-V:Demand side management:

Load patterns basic methods load shaping power tariffs- KVAR based tariffs

penalties for voltage flickers and Harmonic voltage levels

UNIT-VI:Distribution side Reactive power Management:

System losses loss reduction methods examples Reactive power planning

objectives Economics Planning capacitor placement retrofitting of capacitor banks

UNIT-VII:User side reactive power management:

KVAR requirements for domestic appliances Purpose of using capacitors

selection of capacitors deciding factors types of available capacitor, characteristics

and Limitations

UNIT-VIII: Reactive power management in electric traction systems and are

furnaces:

Typical layout of traction systems reactive power control requirements

distribution transformers- Electric arc furnaces basic operations- furnaces

transformer filter requirements remedial measures power factor of an arc furnace

Reference Books:1. Reactive power control in Electric power systems by T.J.E.Miller, John Wiley and sons, 1982 (Units

I to IV)

2. Reactive power Management by D.M.Tagare,Tata McGraw Hill,2004.(Units V toVIII)


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SPECIAL MACHINES CONTROL

Unit 1:

Criteria for selecting drive components

Unit 2:

Generated voltage - Effect of hysteresis and eddy currents

Unit 3:

Factors affecting terminal voltage of a loaded generator - figure of merit

Unit 4:

Amplidyne and its equivalent circuit. - D.C. Motors - relationship between the

transfer function and speed - torque curves - equivalent circuit of d.c. motor - the field

controlled motor permanent magnet d.c. motors.

Unit 5:

Constructional features - Theory of operation - Approximate transfer function - figureof merit - motor characteristics in the presence of finite control impedence.

Unit 6:

Basic principles of operation of stepper motor - Types of stepper motor - Variable

reluctance type and permanent magnet type stepper motors - Hybrid stepper motors

Unit 7:

Modes of excitation in stepper motors - Drive circuits for stepper motors - Open loop

and closed loop control operation of stepper motors.

Unit 8:

Reluctance Motors: Principles of operation - Constructional features - Performance

and applications.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED :

1. N. MOHAN, UNDELAND and ROBBINS : Power Electronics Converters,

Applications and Design.

2. JOHAN E. GIBSON and F.B. TEUTER : Control System components

3. M.G. SAY and E.O. TAYLOR : D.C. Machines.

07-electrical and electronics engg

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