08 ao amplificator - bel.utcluj.ro · ˆ 5hjoduhd dpsolilfdull ¾ 51wrwdo ¾ qxh[lvw...
TRANSCRIPT
�
���$2�± $PSOLILFDWRU
¾ 8WLOL]DUHD�FD�DPSOLILFDWRU¾ Y2Ý�92/ ��92+�¾ HVWH�QHFHVDU�FD��Y' ���$VWIHO��R�QHGHWHUPLQDUH������Y2 DÂY' �Â�¾ Y' SRDWH�IL� LQXW��OD���SULQ�FRQHFWDUHD�XQRU�LPSHGDQWH vQ�H[WHULRUXO�$2�vQWU�R�FRQILJXUD LH�FX�UHDF LH�QHJDWLY���$FHVWH�LPSHGDQWH vPSUHXQ��FX�$2�PHQ LQ�Y' OD�]HUR�úL�VWDELOHVF�YDORDUHD�WHQVLXQLL�GH�LHúLUH ⇒ DPSOLILFDWRDUH�FX�$2
vO=a·vD=�·vD
�
$2�FX�UHDFWLH QHJDWLYD � DPSOLILFDWRU
&H SRVLELOLWDWL DYHP SHQWUX FRQHFWDUHDLQWUDULORU "51��PHQWLQH DXWRPDW�Y' OD�]HUR
�
$PSOLILFDWRU�QHLQYHUVRU
OvRR
Rv
21
1
+=−
0
21
1 =+
−=−= −+OID v
RR
Rvvvv
OI vRR
Rv
21
1
+=
1
21
R
R
v
vA
I
Ov +==
�
� $OWD�PHWRGD GH�D�GHWHUPLQD DPSOLILFDUHD
¾ DPSOLILFDUHD�HVWH�GDW��GRDU�GH�UDSRUWXO�D�GRX��UH]LVWHQ H¾ YDORDUH�SUHFLV��D�DPSOLILF�ULL�¾ DPSOLILFDUHD�HVWH�LQGHSHQGHQW��GH�$2��QHILLQG�LQIOXHQ DW��GH�GLVSHUVLD�WHKQRORJLF��D�YDORULORU�SDUDPHWULORU�$2��¾ FRQVHFLQ ��GLUHFW��D�IRORVLULL�51�vQ�FD]XO�XQXL�DPSOLILFDWRU�FX�DPSOLILFDUH�SURSULH�IRDUWH�PDUH���D�→ ∞ LQ�FD]XO $2�
0=Dv
Ivv =+ Ivv =−
• DFHODúL�FXUHQW�SULQ�5� úL�5�1
21
R
R
v
vA
I
Ov +==
�
5H]LVWHQWHOH GH�LQWUDUH VL GH�LHVLUH� VH�GHWHUPLQD SH PRGHOXO HFKLYDOHQW
Y, YHGH�vQWUHUXSHUH��GHFL 5L� �R�∞∞0=
∞== gol
sc
gol O
O
O
o
v
i
vR
�
([HPSOLILFDUH�$Y ��0RGHOXO�HFKLYDOHQW�DO�DPSOLI�
�Y2�W��SHQWUX�Y,�W��WULXQJKLXODUD�FX�DPSOLWXGXQHD����9��D[DWD�SH�]HUR
�Y2�W��SHQWUX�Y,�W��WULXQJKLXODUD�FX�DPSOLWXGLQHD��9�D[DWD�SH����9
�&679
�
5HJODUHD DPSOLILFDULL
¾ 51�WRWDO�¾ QX�H[LVW��DPSOLILFDUH�vQ�WHQVLXQH¾ DPSOLILFDUH�LQILQLW��vQ�FXUHQW��¾ HWDM�WDPSRQ�SHQWUX�D�FRQHFWD�R�VXUV����VDX�LHúLUHD�XQXL�FLUFXLW�HOHFWURQLF��FX�UH]LVWHQ D�GH�LHúLUH�PDUH��SRDWH�GHELWD�FXUHQW�UHGXV��FX�R�UH]LVWHQW��GH�VDUFLQ��VF�]XW���FDUH�VROLFLW��FXUHQW�PDUH��
�5HSHWRU GH�WHQVLXQH
&H VH�REWLQH SHQWUX YDORUL H[WUHPH����VDX ∞��DOH�UH]LVWHQWHORUSHQWUX DPSOLILFDWRUXO LQYHUVRU "1
21
R
PRA
maxv
++=
PR
RA
minv ++=
1
21
�
$PSOLILFDWRU�LQYHUVRU
1
2
R
R
v
vA
I
O
v−==
�
�$OWHUQDWLY��SHQWUX�vQ HOHJHUHD�IXQF LRQ�ULL�FLUFXLWXOXL
−+ = vv
0=+v
0=−v
2
2
0
R
vi O−
=21
ii =
1
1
0
R
vi I −
=21
R
v
R
v OI −=1
2
R
R
v
vA
I
Ov −==
PDVD�YLUWXDOD
��
5H]LVWHQ HOH�GH�LQWUDUH�úL�LHúLUH
¾ ÌQ�FRPSDUD LH�FX�DPSOLILFDWRUXO�QHLQYHUVRU�OD�FDUH5L→∞ SHQWUX�DPSOLILFDWRUXO�LQYHUVRU�DYHP�R�UH]LVWHQ ��PDL�PLF��GH�LQWUDUH�¾ 8]XDO�DFHDVWD�HVWH�GH�RUGLQXO�.��]HFL�GH�.��¾ 'DF��vQWU�R�DSOLFD LH�VH�VROLFLW��R�UH]LVWHQ ��PDUH�GH�LQWUDUH�YRP�IRORVL�FRQH[LXQHD�QHLQYHUVRDUH�
?Ri =1
RRi =?Ro =0=oR
��
([HPSOLILFDUH 5� ��.��5� ���.DOLPHQWDUH ±��9
9 5L��5R��$Y9 0RGHOXO HFKLYDOHQW9 'RPHQLXO YL���D�L��$2�DPSOLILFDWRU
��
([HPSOX GH�SURLHFWDUH
3URLHFWD L�XQ�DPSOLILFDWRU�LQYHUVRU�FDUH�V��DLE��5L!�.�FXDPSOLILFDUHD�_$Y_ UHJODELO��vQ�GRPHQLXO >�����@10
1
2
min==
R
RAv
18
1
2
max=
+=
R
PRAv
1210RR =
1218RPR =+
��
$PSOLILFDWRDUH FX�FXSODM FDSDFLWLY
Al
Al
5.1K
51K
�Y,�W�� 9,�YL�W�GRULP VD DPSOLILFDP GRDU YL�W�
� FXP�DPSOLILFDP YL�W��GDFD$2�HVWH DOLPHQWDW XQLSRODU "
��
6ROXWLH��WUDQVODWDUHDFDUDFWHULVWLFLL
obtinerea
tensiunii de
polarizare
VAl
echivalenta in
regim
permanent
VPOL
��
¾ DPSOLILFDUH SUHD PDUH�LQ�FF¾ FXP�VH�SRDWH IDFH�XQLWDUD"
)R
R(V)
R
R(v)
R
R)(Vv(v POLiPOLiO
1
2
1
2
1
2111 +++=++=
��
VAl
vi
5.1K 51K
10K
10K
POLiO
POLPOLiO
V)R
R(vv
R
RV)
R
R)(Vv(v
++=
−++=
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
FLUFXLWXO�HFKLYDOHQW�LQ�UHJLP�SHUPDQHQW
FLUFXLWXO�FRPSOHW
��
$PSOLILFDUH VL UH]LVWHQWD PDUH�GH�LQWUDUH
1RRi =
1
2
R
RAv =
⋅+
++
−==31
2221
1
2221
RR
RR
R
RR
v
vA
I
Ov
1020101
1010
1
1010−=
⋅⋅
++
−=,
Av
⋅⋅
+−≅=31
2221
1
21
RR
RR
R
R
v
vA
I
Ov 1010−≅vA
��
6XPDWRUXO LQYHUVRU
+−=
2
2
1
1
IIO vR
Rv
R
Rv
RRR 221
== PHGLD�DULWPHWLF� D�WHQVLXQLORU�GH�LQWUDUH
��
$PSOLILFDWRUXOGLIHUHQWLDO
1
1
2
43
4
11 IO v
R
R
RR
Rv
+
+= 2
1
2
2 IO vR
Rv −=
2
1
2
1
1
2
43
4
211 IIOOO v
R
Rv
R
R
RR
Rvvv −
+
+=+=
$SOLFDP�VXSUDSXQHUHD�HIHFWHORU
��
1
2
1
2
43
41
R
R
R
R
RR
R=
+
+
4
3
2
1
R
R
R
R= ( )
21
1
2
IIO vvR
Rv −=
SHQWUX Y,� Y,� VH�RE LQH Y2 ��FLUFXLWXO DPSOLILF� GRDU GLIHUHQ D WHQVLXQLORU úLUHMHFWHD]� VHPQDOHOH GH�PRG�FRPXQ�LQ�FD]XULOH SUDFWLFH�VH�SXQH 5� 5� úL 5� 5�
��
$PSOLILFDWRU GH�LQVWUXPHQWDWLH VWDQGDUG¾ UH]LVWHQ � PDUH�GH�LQWUDUH¾ UHMHF LH FkW PDL EXQ� D�VHPQDOXOXL GH�PRG�FRPXQ
$2��úL�$2��UH]LVWHQ D�GH�LQWUDUH�PDUHDVLJXU� DPSOLILFDUHD��$2��DPSOLILFDUHD�XQLWDU�WUHFHUHD�GH�OD�GRX� WHQVLXQL�Y2� úL Y2� OD�R�VLQJXU�WHQVLXQH�Y2��UHMHF LH�VXSOLPHQWDU� D�WHQVLXQLL�GH�PRG�FRPXQ
( )21
1
22
1 IIO vvR
Rv −
+=