09 eng103 bai5 v2.0013106215 - eldata11.topica.edu.vn
TRANSCRIPT
09_ENG103_Bai5_v2.0013106215• Introduce direct and indirect
speech.
• Use vocabulary relating to topic (technology, electrical equipment, computers and Internet, on the phone).
• Study the stress patterns in compound nouns.
• Develop listening, reading and speaking skills via practical exercises relating to this topic.
OVERVIEW
nouns
LISTENING
without
READING
Unit 5: Technology
1. Vaccination 2. Electricity 3. Computer with World Wide Web 4. Bicycle
REPORTED SPEECH
Uses
We use reported speech when we tell someone what another person said. Example: “I’m happy”, she said. (direct speech)
→ She said she was happy. Changes in the process of transferring from direct to reported speech
• The verb forms change. • We also change personal pronouns, possessive pronouns.
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A. A British newspaper recently carried out a survey to find out which inventions its readers thought were the most important. Their top four choices are listed below but they are NOT in the correct order. Match each invention to a section of the pie chart to show the result of the survey.
B. Make true sentences from the chart.
Nikon camera
Example: He said he got up early.
Present continuous
Example: “I’m staying with my cousin”, she said. Past continuous
Example: She said she was staying with her cousin.
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• There are also other changes (pronoun, time, place words) that take place when we use reported speech.
Example: “I will meet you here at the same time tomorrow”, said Lauren. → Lauren told me she would meet me there at the same time the next day.
Notes
• Say and Tell are the reporting verbs that we use most often with reported speech.
We use the verb “tell” with an indirect object
Example: My friend told me that his boss was going to give him a raise.
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Example: Alan said he had broken the window.
Past continuous
Example: “I was working all night”, he said. Past perfect continuous
Example: He said he had been working all night.
Present perfect
Past perfect
Present perfect continuous
Example: “I’ve been reading for an hour”, he said.
Past perfect continuous
Example: He said he had been reading for an hour.
Will
Would
Can
Could
Must
Example: He said he had to leave.
Today That day
Tonight That night
Last year The year before/ the previous year
Next week The week after/ the following week
A month ago A month before/ the previous month
Now Then
Here There
Unit 5: Technology
We use the verb “say” without an indirect object. Example: He said he had lots of new ideas.
• We can use the word “that” after the reporting verb. Example: He said he won two tournaments. He said that he had won two tournaments.
• Reported speech with questions
- In reported speech, questions are introduced by the verb ask.
Example: He asked where I had been.
- We use the same question word that is in the direct question.
Example: “What does she do in her free time?”, he asked. → He asked what she did in her free time.
- When a direct question does not begin with a question word, we make the reported question with the word if or whether.
- The verb form changes, and the word order changes from question to statement form.
- The changes in time and place also apply to reported questions.
+ WH-QUESTIONS
Example: He asked (me) what I wanted.
Present continuous
Example: She asked (me) why I was shouting.
Simple past
Example: Nicole asked (me) when they had left.
Past continuous Example: “Where were you going?”, asked Larry.
Past perfect continuous. Example: Larry asked (me) where I had been going.
Present perfect
Example: “What has she done?”, asked Tim. Past perfect Example: Tim asked (me) what she had done.
Present perfect continuous
Past perfect continuous
Example: She asked (me) who I had been talking to.
Will
Example:“Which computer can I use?”, asked Bob.
Could
Must
Example: “What do I have to do?”, she asked. Had to
Example: She asked (me) what she had to do.
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Example: “Do you know them well?”, I asked. Simple past
Example: I asked her if/ whether she knew them well.
Present continuous
Past continuous
Simple past
Past continuous Example: “Was Sheila waiting for you?”, I asked.
Past perfect continuous. Example: I asked if/ whether Sheila had been waiting for him.
Present perfect
Example: “Has Paul applied for the job?”, she asked.
Past perfect Example: She asked if/ whether Paul had ap- plied for the job.
Present perfect continuous
Example: “Have they been arguing again?”, I asked.
Past perfect continuous Example: I asked if/ whether they had been arguing again.
Will
Example: “Will you get some milk for me”, she asked.
Would
Example: She asked if/ whether I would get some milk for her.
Can
Could
Example: He asked if/ whether Natalie could drive a car.
Must
Example: “ Do I have to go to the post office?”, he asked.
Had to
Example: He asked if/ whether he had to go to the post office.
Reported commands are usually introduced with the verb Tell + indirect object +
infinitive
Example: “Stay back”, the police officer said. → The police officer told the crowd to stay back.
Reported requests are usually introduced with the verb ask + indirect object + in-
finitive.
Example: “Please wait outside the office”, she said. → She asked us to wait outside the office.
If the command is negative, we put the word not before to. Example: “Don’t forget to lock the front door”, he said. → He told me not to forget to lock the front door.
If the request is negative, we put the word not before to. Example: “Please don’t write in pencil”, he said.
→ He asked them not to write in pencil.
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Choose the best way to complete the sentences below.
1. Please tell me …………. a. Where is the bus stop b. Where the bus stop be c. Where stops the bus d. Where the bus stop is
2. I told him …………. a. What the homework was b. What was the homework c. What was to be the homework d. What is the homework
3. I think ..................... a. Will be the plane on time b. The plane will be on time c. The plane to be on time d. It will be on time the plane
4. I didn't know …………. a. What he mean b. What did he mean c. What did he meant d. What he meant
5. He said…………. a. That the weather colder than usual b. The weather be colder than usual c. The weather was colder than usual d. The weather it is colder than usual
6. I think …………. a. Today it is Wednesday b.That is today Wednesday c. Today is Wednesday d. Today be Wednesday
7. He said …………. a. That yesterday he gone downtown b. He goes downtown yesterday c. He go downtown yesterday d. He went downtown yesterday
8. I believe …………. a. Him he is right b. He is right c. He be right d. That he right
9. She said …………. a. That she was hungry b. She hungry c. She be hungry d. Her was hungry
10. He told us …………. a. That he enjoy the movie b. He enjoyed the movie c. He be enjoying the movie d. That enjoyed the movie
Change the following sentences into reported speech.
1. Where are you going?
→ He asked me..............................................................................
→ They wanted to know..................................................................
→ They asked..................................................................................
→ She asked me.................................................
→ They wondered..............................................
→ I wondered ....................................................
→ I asked him....................................................
→ He wondered .................................................
→ I asked him.....................................................
→ He asked me......................................................
Finish the following sentences by using Reported speech.
Example: Peter: "Clean the black shoes!" → Peter told me to clean the black shoes.
1. Andrew: "Clean the blue bike!"
Andrew told me ………………………………….
Jessica told me ………………………………….
Nelly told me ……………………………....…….
Fred told me …………………………….....…….
Anna told me ……………………………....…….
Tom told me ………………………….....……….
The teacher told me ……………………...………
Doris told me …………………………...……….
Sabine told me ……………………….………….
Victoria told me ………………………………….
Finish the sentences using Reported speech.
Example: Peter: "Did John clean the black shoes yesterday?" → Peter asked me if John had cleaned the black shoes the day before.
1. Mandy: "Are the boys reading the book?"
→ Yesterday Mandy asked me …………………………..
→ Yesterday Jason wanted to know ………………….....
3. Robert: "Is Tim leaving on Friday?"
→ Yesterday Robert asked me …………………………..
→ Yesterday Daniel asked me …………………………..
→ Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know …………………..
6. Nancy: "Why didn't Nick go to New York last summer?"
→ Yesterday Nancy wanted to know ……………………
7. Barbara: "Must I do my homework this afternoon?"
→ Yesterday Barbara asked me ………………………….
8. Linda: "Did Max fly to London two weeks ago?"
→ Yesterday Linda wanted to know ……………………
9. Grandmother: "Where are my glasses?"
→ Yesterday Grandmother asked me……………………
10. A man: "When does the train to Liverpool leave?"
→ Yesterday a man asked me…………………………....
Match the items below with the correct pictures.
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Unit 5: Technology
Which of the things in 1 have you got? Which would you like to have?
Work in pairs. Put the things in 1 in order from the most useful (1) to the least useful (12).
Compare answers with another pair.
Which words in the box do the definitions below describe? Complete them with the correct relative pronoun.
1. A …………………… is a machine …………………… makes copies of documents.
2. A …………………… is a person …………………… protects important people from being attacked.
3. A …………………… is a place with washing machines …………………… you can wash your clothes.
4. A ……………… is a person ………………… job is to mend central heating, taps, etc.
5. A ……………… is a machine ……………… you use to clean floors and carpets.
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freezer launderette photocopier plumber
How the machines work
How computer literate are you? 1. How old were you when you first used a computer? a. Over 20 b. Between 10 and 19 c. Under 10 2. How long did it take you to learn how to save, copy, print and delete file? a. I was able to learn this very quickly b. I’m still useless at doing these things. c. I could do these things after I read the instructions. 3. How good are you at searching for information on the Internet? a. I haven’t got a clue how to do this. b. I usually manage to find what I want, but not always. c. I’m quite good at doing this and I can always find what I want. 4. Do you know how to download software or music from the internet? a. I have no idea how to do this. b. I find this quite easy to do. c. I think I know how to do this, but I haven’t done it for a while. 5. How good are you at using new computer equipment or software? a. I’m able to use most new stuff after a very short time. b. I find it difficult to use anything new unless someone shows me. c. I’m no good at using new stuff.
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A B
b. plug in your mobile phone
c. press the tape
e. restart the volume
g. replay your computer
j. pause the button
l. My mobile phone ‘s crashed
m. The batteries need replacing
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9-10 points:
You’re very computer literate and you probably spend quite a lot of your free time in front of a computer screen in the evenings. Maybe you should turn your computer off and go out with your friends a bit more often!
5-8 points:
You know how to use a computer and you probably have to use one at work or for your studies. You’ve learned what you need to know, but that’s all. Maybe you should try and learn one or new things that you can do with your computer.
0-4 points:
Obviously computers aren’t very important to you. You can probably manage to turn it on and check your email, but not much else! Maybe you should think about doing a course so that you can improve your computer skills.
Match the items below with the correct pictures.
Fill in the gaps with these verbs.
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a keyboard a game console a speakers a memory stick
1. a. 0 points b. 1 point c. 2 points
2. a. 2 points b. 0 point c. 1 point
3. a. 0 points b. 1 point c. 2 points
4. a. 0 points b. 2 points c. 1 point
5. a. 2 points b. 1 point c. 0 points
2
close reply to click on download have
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Unit 5: Technology
1. You can save, copy, print or delete a file or a document. 2. You can create, open or …………………… a folder. 3. You can get, send, forward or ………………… an e-mail. 4. You should ………………… a back-up copy of your important documents. 5. You can …………………… by entering your password. 6. You can …………… an icon, an attachment, a website address or a link on a web page. 7. You can …………… online and ………… software, pictures or music from the Intenet. 8. If you ……………………… broadband, you can ……………………… for something
on the Internet very quickly.
Complete the words and phrases below with words from the box.
1. computer program 6. e-mail ………………….….... 2. floppy ………………..…. 7. laser ………………………… 3. …………………- friendly 8. lap …………………………... 4. Internet Service ………… 9. back-up ……………………... 5. key ……………………… 10. web ………………………...
Can you remember what these symbols mean?
Match the verbs in the left with an appropriate word on the right.
Complete the sentences with a word from the box.
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a b c d e f g
1. to operate a. a new document …………………………….............
2. to click b. a computer …………………………….............
3. to open c. data …………………………….............
4. to save d. a back-up copy …………………………….............
5. to make e. on an icon …………………………….............
Virus Memory Save Print
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1. If you click on …………………………., the computer will store the data for you. 2. If you click on …………………………., you will have two versions of something. 3. If you click on …………………………., the computer will take something out. 4. If you click on …………………………., it will put in something you wanted to move. 5. If you click on …………………………., you can get a paper copy. 6. If your computer is very low, it may need more ……………………. . 7. If you want to work on a plane or train, you need to use a ………………… computer.
Choose the correct words/phrases. 1. delete/go a document 2. forward/make an email 3. click on/log on an attachment 4. print/search for something on the Internet 5. download/search software 6. print/go online
Fill in the missing vowels. 1. h _n d – h _ l d 2. h _ _ r d r y _ r
c _ m p _ t _ r 3. w _ b c _ m 4. c _ n t r _ l h _ _ t _ n g 5. _ _ r c _ n d _ t _ _ n _ n g 6. h _ n d s – f r _ _ p h _ n _ 7. M P 3 p l _ y _r 8. d _ s h w _ s h _ r
Are you a ‘techie’ or a technophobe?
Match each word in the box with a definition.
a. A person who doesn’t like machines, especially computers. b. A computer system which allows millions of computer users
around the world to exchange information. c. A system that is able to send different types of communication
signals down a telephone line at the same time. d. A piece of software you install on your computer to protect
it from viruses. e. A small object which you move with your hands to give
instructions to the computer. f. The imaginary place where electronic messages, informa-
tion, pictures, etc, exist when they are sent from one computer to another. g. Someone whose life is dominated by technology – especially computers.
Answer these questions. If possible, ask someone else the same questions. 1. Do you have a computer at home? If so, what is it (e.g. PC, Mac, etc.)? 2. Do you use computers at school/college/university or work? 3. What do you use them for? 4. What software are you familiar with? 5. Do you use e-mail? If so, what’s your e-mail address? 6. Do you use the Internet? If so, what are some of your favorite websites?
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Fill the gaps in these sentences with the correct word.
1. When I got home last night there were four messages on my …………………………..
2. You can put the information in the post if you like, but it would be much quicker if you sent it by ………………… I’ll give you the number.
3. I tried to …………………… through to you from a public phone ………………… but the first one was out of order, and the second one I tried only took phone……………… , and I haven’t got one.
4. If I’m not in the office, you can always reach me on my ………………………. .
5. I tried to ring Marry but she was already …………………… the phone to her sister.
6. If you don’t know the number, you can find out from Directory ……………………….
7. A: Did you phone your parents?
B: Yes, but I had to make a …………………… charge call as I didn’t have any money.
8. I had trouble getting through; in the end I had to go through the ……………………
Complete these phone conversations with suitable words or phrases.
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A: (2) …………………………..
B: Oh, good morning, Mrs. James. My name is …..........
A: Good morning. Boulding Limited. Can I help you?
B: Yes. (3) ……………………….. Paul Mathews and I’m trying to contact Mr. Patterson. He left a (4) ………………… ……… on my answer phone yesterday afternoon.
A: I see. Well, I’m afraid Mr. Patterson’s (5)…………… at the moment. Can I ask him to phone you (6) ………………… ……… later?
B: Yes, please. I shall be here until lunchtime. My (7) …………………… ……… is 748 7267.
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Across
2 When your computer is on ……………………… it is saving energy. (7 letters)
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D. Crossword
A: Hello?
A: No, sorry. Sandra’s not (9) ……………………………… at the moment.
B: Oh. Do you know when she’ll (10) ………………… back?
A: No, I’ve no idea.
B: OK. Well, in that case, could I (11) ………… a (12)…………… for her?
A: Yes, of course.
B. Could you ask her to (13) ………… me a (14) ……………… this evening?
A: Sure. What’s your name?
B: Catherine. I’m a colleague from work. She’s got my (15) ………………………
A: Right, I’ll tell her.
A: Hello?
A: Oh, hello. I was expecting you to ring yesterday.
B: I did – I tried. I rang about six times last night but I couldn’t get (18) ………… ………… It was (19) ……………………… all the time.
A: Oh, yes, I’m sorry about that. I was (20) ……………… the phone to my brother for about an hour and then someone rang me about the table tennis next week.
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5 You use a ……………………… like Yahoo or Google to find the site or information you want. (2 words) (6, 6)
7 Junk e-mails that arrives in your mail box without your permission. (4)
9 Someone who can get into another person’s computer system to use or change the information there. (6)
10 To wander from site to site on the Internet, looking for something to interest you. (4)
11 When you ……………………… on you connect your computer to a computer system so you can start work. (3)
12 The term cyber ………………................……… describes the world that exist only on computers. (5)
Down
1 This is an electronic document stored on your computer. (4)
3 To transfer information from the Internet to your computer, you need to ……………… ……… it. (8)
4 When you are on ……………………… you are connected to the Internet. (4)
5 You use a mouse wheel to …………………… up or down a page on your computer. (5)
6 This a place you can go to ‘talk’ to Internet users from around the word. (2 words) (4, 4)
8 A set of pages of information on the Internet about a particular subject. (7)
Notice the stress patterns in compound nouns.
NOUN + NOUN ADJECTIVE + NOUN
phone message central heating
How do you think the following compound nouns are pronounced?
Listen and check. Practice saying the words, paying attention to the stress
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Reading 1: CHANGING LIVES
Match each text A-D below to one of the inventions above. Look through just the first few lines of each text to find clues to the topic. Write the name of the invention at the beginning of each text.
A:
Without suitable transport, villagers of the terai, or plains, of Nepal had no way of taking sick or injured people to the nearest health centre. However even the poorest villages had bicycles. The charity Practical Action was already working with the villagers to build bicycle trailers to take goods to market, and the next step was to adapt them to become ambulances. The two- wheel trailers is made from moulded metal with standard wheels with rubber tyres. The bed section can be padded with cushions to make the patient comfortable, while the “seat” section allows a family member to attend to the patient during transit. In response to user comments, a cover has been designed that can be added to give protection to the patient and attendant in poor weather. Made of treated cotton, the cover is durable and waterproof. The total cost of a complete bicycle ambulance is $150.
B: Across Africa, the tsetse fly threatens a staggering 55 million people and their livestock. The insect sucks blood and in doing so may pass on rabies or the deadly parasite that cause
trypanosomiasis, sometimes known as sleeping sickness. Infected an- imals suffer from poor growth, weight loss and low milk yield. They may also become infertile and die. An estimated 500, 000 people are also affected by the disease each year, and most of them will die.
Tsetse fly traps are a simple but effective solution. They are built using blue cloth spread between three poles, which looks like a cow to the hungry insect, while bottles containing a mixture of cows’ urine and acetone are placed below. Attracted by the smell, the tsetse
fly settles on the cloth but is unable to get a bite and falls into the trap. One tsetse fly trap cost only $20 to build but tests have shown that a single trap is ineffective. For this reason it’s important that farmers build a number of traps across an area.
C: In Bangladesh, some 56 per cent of the under-fives are malnourished because their families don’t have the land, the resources or the money to get them the food they need. However, there is a simple invention, costing only $5, that is helping children and their families to thrive.The “hapa” is a fish cage which allows villagers to “grow” fish in their local ponds by feeding them on nothing more than scraps and waste. The “hapas” provide vitamin and protein- rich food all year round, as well as a little extra money to pay for healthcare and school fees. A few young fish are put in each “hapa”, which acts as their home, floating just below the
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Bicycle ambulance Fish cage
surface of the pond. With a little food- oil cakes, kitchen waste and snails- fish grow to full size and in just a few months begin to produce young. The cages are made using a few cheap materials. Bamboo poles form the outer frame and these are secured with string. This is then covered in netting and floats made of cork are added at the corners. With a capacity of one cubic metre, the cage can hold up to 300 fish at a time.
D:
In 1993, the charity Motivation was asked to address the desperate need for wheelchairs in Cambodia, where thousands are disabled by mines every year. A team then carried out a 12-month project to set up production of the Mekong wheelchair, which had to be suitable not only for people who had lost both legs but also for the needs of people with other disabilities. A lack of steel tubing in Cambodia and the country’s predominantly rural environment convinced the wheelchair designers that the Mekong should be a wooden frame chair with three wheels to make it more stable and maneuverable in rough conditions. The wheelchair packs flat into rice bags, making transport of the vehicle very efficient, and takes approximately two hours to assemble. The workshops are capable of producing the Mekong at a rate of more than 800 a year and at a cost of $40 each. A child’s version is also available.
Complete this table.
Complete the sentences below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
1. The word “terai” in the Nepali language means. ................................... 2. A more common name for trypanosomiasis is....................................... 3. In Bangladesh, the local word for a fish cage is.................................. 4. The charity Motivation called their wooden wheelchair...............................
Reading 2:
2
3
A. In a world where 2 bil- lion people live in
homes that don’t have light bulbs, technology holds the key to banishing poverty, ac- cording to a major United Nations report. Even the simplest technologies can transform lives and save money. Vaccines, crops, computers and sources of
solar energy can all reduce poverty in developing coun-
tries. For example, cheap oral- rehydration therapy de- veloped in Bangladesh has dramatically cut the death toll from childhood diarrhea.
B. But even when such technologies exist, the
depressing fact is that we can’t make them cheap enough for those who most need them.
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The reading passage has six sections, A- F. Which section contains the follow- ing information.
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solar panels, batteries and light bulbs are still beyond the purse of many, but where they have been installed they change lives. A decent light in the evening gives children more time for homework and extends the productive day for adults.
C. Kenya has a thriving solar industry and six
years ago pioneers also started connecting schools to the Internet via radio links. These people were fortunate in being able to afford solar panels, radios and old com- puters. How much bigger would the impact be if these things were made and priced specifically for poor people?
D. Multinationals must become part of the solu-
tion, because although they own around 60 per cent of the world’s technology, they seldom make products for poor customers. Of 1, 223 new drugs marketed world- wide from 1975 to 1996, for
example, just 13 were for tropical diseases.
According to the main author of the report,
Sakiko Fukuda- Patt, “It’s the big corporations that really should read this report. We’re asking them to be more socially responsible”. They could do more to provide vital products such as medicines at different prices around the world to suit what people can afford. Alternatively, they could pay a percentage of their profit towards research and development for the poor.
E. Governments from rich countries should
contribute more too. They and other resources such as the World Bank and international institutes could provide as much as $10 billion. Developing countries should also make better use of intellectual property laws that entitle them to vital medicines, just as South Africa did with AIDS drugs.
F. Controversially, the report backs genetically
modified (GM) crops despite the widespread opposition to them among Western environmentalists and non-governmental organiza- tions. “To reject GM crops
entirely is to give up a huge opportunity”, says Fuku da- Patt. “If they’re so good for multinationals, why shouldn’t they be used by poor farmers” she says. Computers could also revolutionize the lives of poor people, allowing them to benefit from a global wealth of free information that could help solve local problems. But they would
need to be cheap and wireless. Fukuda- Patt says that Brazil and India have already developed cheap computers, proving what countries can do for themselves. But the objectives will be difficult to achieve. Time has stood still in many areas such as sub- Saharan Africa, where there has been no increase in tractor use in a decade.
1
Example:
Answer
A
1. a country which benefits from a successful solar power industry. ......................
2. where financial contributions should come from ......................
3. how major drug companies could help developing countries ......................
4. two developments that could make a big difference in poor countries ......................
5. how many useful technologies are too expensive for poor people ......................
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Choose the correct letter a, b, c or d According to a UN report, genetically modified crops a. should not be sold in poor countries b. should not be used anywhere c. should be available in poor countries e. should be produced more cheaply
Look at pictures A-D. What are the people doing in each one?
Listen to four people discussing how they use the Internet. Put pictures A-D in the order they talk about them.
Listen again. Answer these questions.
a. Why was Ian surprised when he got to work this morning?
b. Why does Molly like shopping online?
c. Does Clive always pay for the songs he downloads?
d. Why hasn’t Ian worked out how to download songs?
e. How many people can play an online RPG at any one time?
f. Why does Olivia use her webcam a lot?
You will hear six people talking about something they would hate to be without. Listen and complete the table.
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B. Things you would hate to be without
Object How she/she describes it Why it is important to him/her
1 2 3 4 5 6
2
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You are going to present your own list of five things you’d hate to be without. You could include some of the following.
Spend a few minutes thinking about how to describe these things and why they are important to you. Mention some or all of the following.
- What the object is
- Where/how/when you got it
- Why it’s important to you
- What you use it for
- Why you couldn’t live without it
- Any stories/memories associated with it
Ask your teacher for any words or phrases you need.
Useful language
One thing I’d hate to be without is …
b) Describing objects
It was given to me by my …
I’ve had it for …
It’s made of …
It’s quite (small) …
c) Saying why it’s important
It’s really important to me because …
I need it for …
It’s very valuable.
It reminds me of …
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Work in pairs to discuss the following questions.
Which THREE of the following Internet activities are most popular across all age groups?
Internet Activities
• Participate in a online auction
• Do research for school or training
What other Internet services can you think of, especially ones which would be popular with young people?
Interview your partner about their personal use of the Internet. Ask about these points, and be prepared to ask follow-up question to find out more.
• Activities you most use the Internet for, and why
• Time you spend on the Internet each week
• The best thing about the Internet
• The most annoying thing about the Internet
• People you email most often, and why
Study the following topic individually and take a few moments to make notes, perhaps in the form of a mind plan.
B. Internet activities
And explain why you like it so much.
Unit 5: Technology
Write about the following topic.
Mobile phones have brought many benefits but they have also had negative effects.
Do the disadvantages of having mobile phones outweigh the advantages?
Give reason for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge and experiences.
Useful expressions
146
3rd Vaccination (9%) 4th Computer with World wide web (8%)
B.
Nikon cameras are made in Japan Champagne is made in France
Ferrari cars are made in Italy Whisky is made in Scotland
IKEA furniture is made in Sweden
GRAMMAR
1
1. d 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c
6. c 7. d 8. b 9. a 10. b
2
1. where I was going. 2. how I had done that.
3. who would come to the cinema with them. 4. why I was so sad.
5. what the matter was. 6. how they could be so impatient.
7. which compact disk he was taking with him. 8. what he was to do.
9. how he knew that. 10. whether I was enjoying myself.
3
1. Andrew told me to clean the blue bike. 2. Jessica told me to write a text message.
3. Nelly told me to help Peter's sister. 4. Fred told me to wash my hands.
5. Anna told me to open the window. 6. Tom told me to come at 8.
7. The teacher told me to do my homework. 8. Doris told me to dance with her.
9. Sabine told me to meet Sandy at the station. 10. Victoria told me to check my e-mails.
4
1. Yesterday Mandy asked me if the boys were reading the books.
2. Yesterday Jason wanted to know who had given me the laptop.
3. Yesterday Robert asked me if Tim was living on Friday.
4. Yesterday Daniel asked me if it would rain the next day.
5. Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know where I played football that day.
6. Yesterday Nancy wanted to know why Nick hadn’t gone to New York the previous summer.
7. Yesterday Barbara asked me if she had to do her home work that afternoon.
8. Yesterday Linda wanted to know whether Max flew to London 2 weeks before.
147
9. Yesterday Grandmother asked me where my glasses were.
10. Yesterday a man asked me when the train to Liverpool left.
VOCABULARY
A.
1
d. webcam e. hands-free phone f. hair dryer
g. hand-held phone h. air conditioning i. MP3 player
j. DVD recorder k. central heating l. hair strengtheners
3
3. launderette/ where 4. plumber/ whose
5. vacuum cleaner / which (that)
4
B.
2
d. speakers e. scanner f. keyboard
g. mouse h. game console
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
A B
c. press the button
e. restart your computer
g. replay your messages
j. pause the tape
l. My mobile phone needs recharging
m. The batteries need replacing
148
4. make 5. log on 6. click on
7. go / download 8. have / search
4
3. user- friendly 8 laptop
4. Internet Service Provider 9. back-up copy
5. keyboards 10. websites
7
5. print 6. memory 7. laptop
8
9
4. central heating 5. air conditioning 6. hands-free phone
7. MP3 player 8. dishwasher
10
d. an anti-virus e. a mouse f. cyberspace
g. techie
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
b. cut c. open a new docu- ment
d. copy e. print f. open an existing document
g. paste
4. mobile 5. on 6. Enquiries
7. reverse 8. operator
4. message 5. out/not here/ in a meeting 6. back
7. (phone) number 8. Is that 9. here/in
10. be 11. leave 12. message
13. give 14. ring/call 15. (phone) number
16. Is that 17. This is/It’s 18. through
19. engaged 20. on
C. Fish case D. Wooden wheelchair
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
9. hacker 10. surf 11. log
12 space (cyberspace is one word)
Down
5. scroll 6. chat room 8. website
Invention Cost
3. hapa 4. Mekong
1. C 2. E 3. D 4. F 5. B
2
c.
PRONUNCIATION
LISTENING
A.
1
c. Downloading music d. Online shopping
2
3
a. Because there were over 300 emails in her inbox this morning
b. Because shopping online doesn’t feel like you’re spending money at all!
c. Yes, he does. Because it’s new stuff
d. Because he’s too busy to play role-play game
e. Any number of people can play
f. Most of her family live in the States, so she uses webcam to keep in touch with them
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
Object How she/she describes it Why it is important to
him/her
1. Mobile phone No description given Uses it to organize social life, by sending texts and calling people when out and about
2. Alarm clock Battery-operated, in the shape of a soldier wearing a uniform and helmet
Sentimental value, given by friends at university twelve years ago
3. Guitar Six string acoustic guitar Has had for over twenty years, plays it almost every day
4. Computer No description is given Uses it to store addresses, phone numbers and other in- formation, as well as to search the Internet and email friends and family
5. CD walkman Grey, quite slim Uses it on trains to block out other noise, has had it for six years since living in Japan
6. Ring Silver, with a heart in the middle, held by two hands from Ireland
Sentimental value; a re- minder of Irish grandmother
152
A
Answering machine n Máy tr li t ng
B
Boiler /’b.lr / n Ni nu
Broadband /’brd.bænd/ n Bng rng
C
Click on v (máy vi tính) cú nhp
Cook /kk/ n u bp
Cooker /’kk.r / n Bp
Crash /kræ/ adj Hng
D
Dry cleaner’s n Ca hang git khô
DVD recorder n u DVD
E
Engaged /n’gedd/ adj (ng in thoi) bn
Enquiries /n’kwa .ri/ n Ni hng dn, tng ài báo s in thoi
F
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
H
Hand-held computer n Máy tính cm tay
Hands-free phone n in thoi rnh tay
Hold down v Gi (nút)
K
L
Launderette /,ln’dret/ n Hiu git t ng
Link /lk/ n ng link
Literate /’lt.r.t/ adj Bit c, bit vit
M
Memory /’mem.r.i/ n B nh
Monitor /’mn..tr/ n Màn hình
O
Operate /’p.r.et/ v iu khin, vn hành
Operator /’p.r.e.tr / n Ngi trc tng ài
P
Plumber /’plm.r/ n Th sa ng nc
Press /pres/ v n
Provider /pr’va.dr/ n Nhà cung cp
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
R
Reverse charge call n Cuc gi in thoi (mà ngi nghe in thoi tr tin)
Rewind /,ri’wand/ v Tua li
S
Speaker /’spi.kr/ n Loa
Switch on/off v Bt, tt
T
Techie /’tek.i/ n Chuyên viên, chuyên gia (máy tính, công ngh)
Technophobe /’tek.n-fb/ n Ngi s công ngh, không thích máy tính
Typewriter /’tap,ra.tr/ n Máy ánh ch
U
V
W
Website /’web.sat/ n Trang web
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
• Use vocabulary relating to topic (technology, electrical equipment, computers and Internet, on the phone).
• Study the stress patterns in compound nouns.
• Develop listening, reading and speaking skills via practical exercises relating to this topic.
OVERVIEW
nouns
LISTENING
without
READING
Unit 5: Technology
1. Vaccination 2. Electricity 3. Computer with World Wide Web 4. Bicycle
REPORTED SPEECH
Uses
We use reported speech when we tell someone what another person said. Example: “I’m happy”, she said. (direct speech)
→ She said she was happy. Changes in the process of transferring from direct to reported speech
• The verb forms change. • We also change personal pronouns, possessive pronouns.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
A. A British newspaper recently carried out a survey to find out which inventions its readers thought were the most important. Their top four choices are listed below but they are NOT in the correct order. Match each invention to a section of the pie chart to show the result of the survey.
B. Make true sentences from the chart.
Nikon camera
Example: He said he got up early.
Present continuous
Example: “I’m staying with my cousin”, she said. Past continuous
Example: She said she was staying with her cousin.
125
Unit 5: Technology
• There are also other changes (pronoun, time, place words) that take place when we use reported speech.
Example: “I will meet you here at the same time tomorrow”, said Lauren. → Lauren told me she would meet me there at the same time the next day.
Notes
• Say and Tell are the reporting verbs that we use most often with reported speech.
We use the verb “tell” with an indirect object
Example: My friend told me that his boss was going to give him a raise.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
Example: Alan said he had broken the window.
Past continuous
Example: “I was working all night”, he said. Past perfect continuous
Example: He said he had been working all night.
Present perfect
Past perfect
Present perfect continuous
Example: “I’ve been reading for an hour”, he said.
Past perfect continuous
Example: He said he had been reading for an hour.
Will
Would
Can
Could
Must
Example: He said he had to leave.
Today That day
Tonight That night
Last year The year before/ the previous year
Next week The week after/ the following week
A month ago A month before/ the previous month
Now Then
Here There
Unit 5: Technology
We use the verb “say” without an indirect object. Example: He said he had lots of new ideas.
• We can use the word “that” after the reporting verb. Example: He said he won two tournaments. He said that he had won two tournaments.
• Reported speech with questions
- In reported speech, questions are introduced by the verb ask.
Example: He asked where I had been.
- We use the same question word that is in the direct question.
Example: “What does she do in her free time?”, he asked. → He asked what she did in her free time.
- When a direct question does not begin with a question word, we make the reported question with the word if or whether.
- The verb form changes, and the word order changes from question to statement form.
- The changes in time and place also apply to reported questions.
+ WH-QUESTIONS
Example: He asked (me) what I wanted.
Present continuous
Example: She asked (me) why I was shouting.
Simple past
Example: Nicole asked (me) when they had left.
Past continuous Example: “Where were you going?”, asked Larry.
Past perfect continuous. Example: Larry asked (me) where I had been going.
Present perfect
Example: “What has she done?”, asked Tim. Past perfect Example: Tim asked (me) what she had done.
Present perfect continuous
Past perfect continuous
Example: She asked (me) who I had been talking to.
Will
Example:“Which computer can I use?”, asked Bob.
Could
Must
Example: “What do I have to do?”, she asked. Had to
Example: She asked (me) what she had to do.
127
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
Example: “Do you know them well?”, I asked. Simple past
Example: I asked her if/ whether she knew them well.
Present continuous
Past continuous
Simple past
Past continuous Example: “Was Sheila waiting for you?”, I asked.
Past perfect continuous. Example: I asked if/ whether Sheila had been waiting for him.
Present perfect
Example: “Has Paul applied for the job?”, she asked.
Past perfect Example: She asked if/ whether Paul had ap- plied for the job.
Present perfect continuous
Example: “Have they been arguing again?”, I asked.
Past perfect continuous Example: I asked if/ whether they had been arguing again.
Will
Example: “Will you get some milk for me”, she asked.
Would
Example: She asked if/ whether I would get some milk for her.
Can
Could
Example: He asked if/ whether Natalie could drive a car.
Must
Example: “ Do I have to go to the post office?”, he asked.
Had to
Example: He asked if/ whether he had to go to the post office.
Reported commands are usually introduced with the verb Tell + indirect object +
infinitive
Example: “Stay back”, the police officer said. → The police officer told the crowd to stay back.
Reported requests are usually introduced with the verb ask + indirect object + in-
finitive.
Example: “Please wait outside the office”, she said. → She asked us to wait outside the office.
If the command is negative, we put the word not before to. Example: “Don’t forget to lock the front door”, he said. → He told me not to forget to lock the front door.
If the request is negative, we put the word not before to. Example: “Please don’t write in pencil”, he said.
→ He asked them not to write in pencil.
128
Choose the best way to complete the sentences below.
1. Please tell me …………. a. Where is the bus stop b. Where the bus stop be c. Where stops the bus d. Where the bus stop is
2. I told him …………. a. What the homework was b. What was the homework c. What was to be the homework d. What is the homework
3. I think ..................... a. Will be the plane on time b. The plane will be on time c. The plane to be on time d. It will be on time the plane
4. I didn't know …………. a. What he mean b. What did he mean c. What did he meant d. What he meant
5. He said…………. a. That the weather colder than usual b. The weather be colder than usual c. The weather was colder than usual d. The weather it is colder than usual
6. I think …………. a. Today it is Wednesday b.That is today Wednesday c. Today is Wednesday d. Today be Wednesday
7. He said …………. a. That yesterday he gone downtown b. He goes downtown yesterday c. He go downtown yesterday d. He went downtown yesterday
8. I believe …………. a. Him he is right b. He is right c. He be right d. That he right
9. She said …………. a. That she was hungry b. She hungry c. She be hungry d. Her was hungry
10. He told us …………. a. That he enjoy the movie b. He enjoyed the movie c. He be enjoying the movie d. That enjoyed the movie
Change the following sentences into reported speech.
1. Where are you going?
→ He asked me..............................................................................
→ They wanted to know..................................................................
→ They asked..................................................................................
→ She asked me.................................................
→ They wondered..............................................
→ I wondered ....................................................
→ I asked him....................................................
→ He wondered .................................................
→ I asked him.....................................................
→ He asked me......................................................
Finish the following sentences by using Reported speech.
Example: Peter: "Clean the black shoes!" → Peter told me to clean the black shoes.
1. Andrew: "Clean the blue bike!"
Andrew told me ………………………………….
Jessica told me ………………………………….
Nelly told me ……………………………....…….
Fred told me …………………………….....…….
Anna told me ……………………………....…….
Tom told me ………………………….....……….
The teacher told me ……………………...………
Doris told me …………………………...……….
Sabine told me ……………………….………….
Victoria told me ………………………………….
Finish the sentences using Reported speech.
Example: Peter: "Did John clean the black shoes yesterday?" → Peter asked me if John had cleaned the black shoes the day before.
1. Mandy: "Are the boys reading the book?"
→ Yesterday Mandy asked me …………………………..
→ Yesterday Jason wanted to know ………………….....
3. Robert: "Is Tim leaving on Friday?"
→ Yesterday Robert asked me …………………………..
→ Yesterday Daniel asked me …………………………..
→ Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know …………………..
6. Nancy: "Why didn't Nick go to New York last summer?"
→ Yesterday Nancy wanted to know ……………………
7. Barbara: "Must I do my homework this afternoon?"
→ Yesterday Barbara asked me ………………………….
8. Linda: "Did Max fly to London two weeks ago?"
→ Yesterday Linda wanted to know ……………………
9. Grandmother: "Where are my glasses?"
→ Yesterday Grandmother asked me……………………
10. A man: "When does the train to Liverpool leave?"
→ Yesterday a man asked me…………………………....
Match the items below with the correct pictures.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
4
Unit 5: Technology
Which of the things in 1 have you got? Which would you like to have?
Work in pairs. Put the things in 1 in order from the most useful (1) to the least useful (12).
Compare answers with another pair.
Which words in the box do the definitions below describe? Complete them with the correct relative pronoun.
1. A …………………… is a machine …………………… makes copies of documents.
2. A …………………… is a person …………………… protects important people from being attacked.
3. A …………………… is a place with washing machines …………………… you can wash your clothes.
4. A ……………… is a person ………………… job is to mend central heating, taps, etc.
5. A ……………… is a machine ……………… you use to clean floors and carpets.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
freezer launderette photocopier plumber
How the machines work
How computer literate are you? 1. How old were you when you first used a computer? a. Over 20 b. Between 10 and 19 c. Under 10 2. How long did it take you to learn how to save, copy, print and delete file? a. I was able to learn this very quickly b. I’m still useless at doing these things. c. I could do these things after I read the instructions. 3. How good are you at searching for information on the Internet? a. I haven’t got a clue how to do this. b. I usually manage to find what I want, but not always. c. I’m quite good at doing this and I can always find what I want. 4. Do you know how to download software or music from the internet? a. I have no idea how to do this. b. I find this quite easy to do. c. I think I know how to do this, but I haven’t done it for a while. 5. How good are you at using new computer equipment or software? a. I’m able to use most new stuff after a very short time. b. I find it difficult to use anything new unless someone shows me. c. I’m no good at using new stuff.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
A B
b. plug in your mobile phone
c. press the tape
e. restart the volume
g. replay your computer
j. pause the button
l. My mobile phone ‘s crashed
m. The batteries need replacing
4
1
9-10 points:
You’re very computer literate and you probably spend quite a lot of your free time in front of a computer screen in the evenings. Maybe you should turn your computer off and go out with your friends a bit more often!
5-8 points:
You know how to use a computer and you probably have to use one at work or for your studies. You’ve learned what you need to know, but that’s all. Maybe you should try and learn one or new things that you can do with your computer.
0-4 points:
Obviously computers aren’t very important to you. You can probably manage to turn it on and check your email, but not much else! Maybe you should think about doing a course so that you can improve your computer skills.
Match the items below with the correct pictures.
Fill in the gaps with these verbs.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
a keyboard a game console a speakers a memory stick
1. a. 0 points b. 1 point c. 2 points
2. a. 2 points b. 0 point c. 1 point
3. a. 0 points b. 1 point c. 2 points
4. a. 0 points b. 2 points c. 1 point
5. a. 2 points b. 1 point c. 0 points
2
close reply to click on download have
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Unit 5: Technology
1. You can save, copy, print or delete a file or a document. 2. You can create, open or …………………… a folder. 3. You can get, send, forward or ………………… an e-mail. 4. You should ………………… a back-up copy of your important documents. 5. You can …………………… by entering your password. 6. You can …………… an icon, an attachment, a website address or a link on a web page. 7. You can …………… online and ………… software, pictures or music from the Intenet. 8. If you ……………………… broadband, you can ……………………… for something
on the Internet very quickly.
Complete the words and phrases below with words from the box.
1. computer program 6. e-mail ………………….….... 2. floppy ………………..…. 7. laser ………………………… 3. …………………- friendly 8. lap …………………………... 4. Internet Service ………… 9. back-up ……………………... 5. key ……………………… 10. web ………………………...
Can you remember what these symbols mean?
Match the verbs in the left with an appropriate word on the right.
Complete the sentences with a word from the box.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
a b c d e f g
1. to operate a. a new document …………………………….............
2. to click b. a computer …………………………….............
3. to open c. data …………………………….............
4. to save d. a back-up copy …………………………….............
5. to make e. on an icon …………………………….............
Virus Memory Save Print
135
Unit 5: Technology
1. If you click on …………………………., the computer will store the data for you. 2. If you click on …………………………., you will have two versions of something. 3. If you click on …………………………., the computer will take something out. 4. If you click on …………………………., it will put in something you wanted to move. 5. If you click on …………………………., you can get a paper copy. 6. If your computer is very low, it may need more ……………………. . 7. If you want to work on a plane or train, you need to use a ………………… computer.
Choose the correct words/phrases. 1. delete/go a document 2. forward/make an email 3. click on/log on an attachment 4. print/search for something on the Internet 5. download/search software 6. print/go online
Fill in the missing vowels. 1. h _n d – h _ l d 2. h _ _ r d r y _ r
c _ m p _ t _ r 3. w _ b c _ m 4. c _ n t r _ l h _ _ t _ n g 5. _ _ r c _ n d _ t _ _ n _ n g 6. h _ n d s – f r _ _ p h _ n _ 7. M P 3 p l _ y _r 8. d _ s h w _ s h _ r
Are you a ‘techie’ or a technophobe?
Match each word in the box with a definition.
a. A person who doesn’t like machines, especially computers. b. A computer system which allows millions of computer users
around the world to exchange information. c. A system that is able to send different types of communication
signals down a telephone line at the same time. d. A piece of software you install on your computer to protect
it from viruses. e. A small object which you move with your hands to give
instructions to the computer. f. The imaginary place where electronic messages, informa-
tion, pictures, etc, exist when they are sent from one computer to another. g. Someone whose life is dominated by technology – especially computers.
Answer these questions. If possible, ask someone else the same questions. 1. Do you have a computer at home? If so, what is it (e.g. PC, Mac, etc.)? 2. Do you use computers at school/college/university or work? 3. What do you use them for? 4. What software are you familiar with? 5. Do you use e-mail? If so, what’s your e-mail address? 6. Do you use the Internet? If so, what are some of your favorite websites?
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
11
136
Fill the gaps in these sentences with the correct word.
1. When I got home last night there were four messages on my …………………………..
2. You can put the information in the post if you like, but it would be much quicker if you sent it by ………………… I’ll give you the number.
3. I tried to …………………… through to you from a public phone ………………… but the first one was out of order, and the second one I tried only took phone……………… , and I haven’t got one.
4. If I’m not in the office, you can always reach me on my ………………………. .
5. I tried to ring Marry but she was already …………………… the phone to her sister.
6. If you don’t know the number, you can find out from Directory ……………………….
7. A: Did you phone your parents?
B: Yes, but I had to make a …………………… charge call as I didn’t have any money.
8. I had trouble getting through; in the end I had to go through the ……………………
Complete these phone conversations with suitable words or phrases.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
A: (2) …………………………..
B: Oh, good morning, Mrs. James. My name is …..........
A: Good morning. Boulding Limited. Can I help you?
B: Yes. (3) ……………………….. Paul Mathews and I’m trying to contact Mr. Patterson. He left a (4) ………………… ……… on my answer phone yesterday afternoon.
A: I see. Well, I’m afraid Mr. Patterson’s (5)…………… at the moment. Can I ask him to phone you (6) ………………… ……… later?
B: Yes, please. I shall be here until lunchtime. My (7) …………………… ……… is 748 7267.
137
Across
2 When your computer is on ……………………… it is saving energy. (7 letters)
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
D. Crossword
A: Hello?
A: No, sorry. Sandra’s not (9) ……………………………… at the moment.
B: Oh. Do you know when she’ll (10) ………………… back?
A: No, I’ve no idea.
B: OK. Well, in that case, could I (11) ………… a (12)…………… for her?
A: Yes, of course.
B. Could you ask her to (13) ………… me a (14) ……………… this evening?
A: Sure. What’s your name?
B: Catherine. I’m a colleague from work. She’s got my (15) ………………………
A: Right, I’ll tell her.
A: Hello?
A: Oh, hello. I was expecting you to ring yesterday.
B: I did – I tried. I rang about six times last night but I couldn’t get (18) ………… ………… It was (19) ……………………… all the time.
A: Oh, yes, I’m sorry about that. I was (20) ……………… the phone to my brother for about an hour and then someone rang me about the table tennis next week.
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Unit 5: Technology
5 You use a ……………………… like Yahoo or Google to find the site or information you want. (2 words) (6, 6)
7 Junk e-mails that arrives in your mail box without your permission. (4)
9 Someone who can get into another person’s computer system to use or change the information there. (6)
10 To wander from site to site on the Internet, looking for something to interest you. (4)
11 When you ……………………… on you connect your computer to a computer system so you can start work. (3)
12 The term cyber ………………................……… describes the world that exist only on computers. (5)
Down
1 This is an electronic document stored on your computer. (4)
3 To transfer information from the Internet to your computer, you need to ……………… ……… it. (8)
4 When you are on ……………………… you are connected to the Internet. (4)
5 You use a mouse wheel to …………………… up or down a page on your computer. (5)
6 This a place you can go to ‘talk’ to Internet users from around the word. (2 words) (4, 4)
8 A set of pages of information on the Internet about a particular subject. (7)
Notice the stress patterns in compound nouns.
NOUN + NOUN ADJECTIVE + NOUN
phone message central heating
How do you think the following compound nouns are pronounced?
Listen and check. Practice saying the words, paying attention to the stress
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
Reading 1: CHANGING LIVES
Match each text A-D below to one of the inventions above. Look through just the first few lines of each text to find clues to the topic. Write the name of the invention at the beginning of each text.
A:
Without suitable transport, villagers of the terai, or plains, of Nepal had no way of taking sick or injured people to the nearest health centre. However even the poorest villages had bicycles. The charity Practical Action was already working with the villagers to build bicycle trailers to take goods to market, and the next step was to adapt them to become ambulances. The two- wheel trailers is made from moulded metal with standard wheels with rubber tyres. The bed section can be padded with cushions to make the patient comfortable, while the “seat” section allows a family member to attend to the patient during transit. In response to user comments, a cover has been designed that can be added to give protection to the patient and attendant in poor weather. Made of treated cotton, the cover is durable and waterproof. The total cost of a complete bicycle ambulance is $150.
B: Across Africa, the tsetse fly threatens a staggering 55 million people and their livestock. The insect sucks blood and in doing so may pass on rabies or the deadly parasite that cause
trypanosomiasis, sometimes known as sleeping sickness. Infected an- imals suffer from poor growth, weight loss and low milk yield. They may also become infertile and die. An estimated 500, 000 people are also affected by the disease each year, and most of them will die.
Tsetse fly traps are a simple but effective solution. They are built using blue cloth spread between three poles, which looks like a cow to the hungry insect, while bottles containing a mixture of cows’ urine and acetone are placed below. Attracted by the smell, the tsetse
fly settles on the cloth but is unable to get a bite and falls into the trap. One tsetse fly trap cost only $20 to build but tests have shown that a single trap is ineffective. For this reason it’s important that farmers build a number of traps across an area.
C: In Bangladesh, some 56 per cent of the under-fives are malnourished because their families don’t have the land, the resources or the money to get them the food they need. However, there is a simple invention, costing only $5, that is helping children and their families to thrive.The “hapa” is a fish cage which allows villagers to “grow” fish in their local ponds by feeding them on nothing more than scraps and waste. The “hapas” provide vitamin and protein- rich food all year round, as well as a little extra money to pay for healthcare and school fees. A few young fish are put in each “hapa”, which acts as their home, floating just below the
1
Bicycle ambulance Fish cage
surface of the pond. With a little food- oil cakes, kitchen waste and snails- fish grow to full size and in just a few months begin to produce young. The cages are made using a few cheap materials. Bamboo poles form the outer frame and these are secured with string. This is then covered in netting and floats made of cork are added at the corners. With a capacity of one cubic metre, the cage can hold up to 300 fish at a time.
D:
In 1993, the charity Motivation was asked to address the desperate need for wheelchairs in Cambodia, where thousands are disabled by mines every year. A team then carried out a 12-month project to set up production of the Mekong wheelchair, which had to be suitable not only for people who had lost both legs but also for the needs of people with other disabilities. A lack of steel tubing in Cambodia and the country’s predominantly rural environment convinced the wheelchair designers that the Mekong should be a wooden frame chair with three wheels to make it more stable and maneuverable in rough conditions. The wheelchair packs flat into rice bags, making transport of the vehicle very efficient, and takes approximately two hours to assemble. The workshops are capable of producing the Mekong at a rate of more than 800 a year and at a cost of $40 each. A child’s version is also available.
Complete this table.
Complete the sentences below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
1. The word “terai” in the Nepali language means. ................................... 2. A more common name for trypanosomiasis is....................................... 3. In Bangladesh, the local word for a fish cage is.................................. 4. The charity Motivation called their wooden wheelchair...............................
Reading 2:
2
3
A. In a world where 2 bil- lion people live in
homes that don’t have light bulbs, technology holds the key to banishing poverty, ac- cording to a major United Nations report. Even the simplest technologies can transform lives and save money. Vaccines, crops, computers and sources of
solar energy can all reduce poverty in developing coun-
tries. For example, cheap oral- rehydration therapy de- veloped in Bangladesh has dramatically cut the death toll from childhood diarrhea.
B. But even when such technologies exist, the
depressing fact is that we can’t make them cheap enough for those who most need them.
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Unit 5: Technology
The reading passage has six sections, A- F. Which section contains the follow- ing information.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
solar panels, batteries and light bulbs are still beyond the purse of many, but where they have been installed they change lives. A decent light in the evening gives children more time for homework and extends the productive day for adults.
C. Kenya has a thriving solar industry and six
years ago pioneers also started connecting schools to the Internet via radio links. These people were fortunate in being able to afford solar panels, radios and old com- puters. How much bigger would the impact be if these things were made and priced specifically for poor people?
D. Multinationals must become part of the solu-
tion, because although they own around 60 per cent of the world’s technology, they seldom make products for poor customers. Of 1, 223 new drugs marketed world- wide from 1975 to 1996, for
example, just 13 were for tropical diseases.
According to the main author of the report,
Sakiko Fukuda- Patt, “It’s the big corporations that really should read this report. We’re asking them to be more socially responsible”. They could do more to provide vital products such as medicines at different prices around the world to suit what people can afford. Alternatively, they could pay a percentage of their profit towards research and development for the poor.
E. Governments from rich countries should
contribute more too. They and other resources such as the World Bank and international institutes could provide as much as $10 billion. Developing countries should also make better use of intellectual property laws that entitle them to vital medicines, just as South Africa did with AIDS drugs.
F. Controversially, the report backs genetically
modified (GM) crops despite the widespread opposition to them among Western environmentalists and non-governmental organiza- tions. “To reject GM crops
entirely is to give up a huge opportunity”, says Fuku da- Patt. “If they’re so good for multinationals, why shouldn’t they be used by poor farmers” she says. Computers could also revolutionize the lives of poor people, allowing them to benefit from a global wealth of free information that could help solve local problems. But they would
need to be cheap and wireless. Fukuda- Patt says that Brazil and India have already developed cheap computers, proving what countries can do for themselves. But the objectives will be difficult to achieve. Time has stood still in many areas such as sub- Saharan Africa, where there has been no increase in tractor use in a decade.
1
Example:
Answer
A
1. a country which benefits from a successful solar power industry. ......................
2. where financial contributions should come from ......................
3. how major drug companies could help developing countries ......................
4. two developments that could make a big difference in poor countries ......................
5. how many useful technologies are too expensive for poor people ......................
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Unit 5: Technology
Choose the correct letter a, b, c or d According to a UN report, genetically modified crops a. should not be sold in poor countries b. should not be used anywhere c. should be available in poor countries e. should be produced more cheaply
Look at pictures A-D. What are the people doing in each one?
Listen to four people discussing how they use the Internet. Put pictures A-D in the order they talk about them.
Listen again. Answer these questions.
a. Why was Ian surprised when he got to work this morning?
b. Why does Molly like shopping online?
c. Does Clive always pay for the songs he downloads?
d. Why hasn’t Ian worked out how to download songs?
e. How many people can play an online RPG at any one time?
f. Why does Olivia use her webcam a lot?
You will hear six people talking about something they would hate to be without. Listen and complete the table.
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
B. Things you would hate to be without
Object How she/she describes it Why it is important to him/her
1 2 3 4 5 6
2
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Unit 5: Technology
You are going to present your own list of five things you’d hate to be without. You could include some of the following.
Spend a few minutes thinking about how to describe these things and why they are important to you. Mention some or all of the following.
- What the object is
- Where/how/when you got it
- Why it’s important to you
- What you use it for
- Why you couldn’t live without it
- Any stories/memories associated with it
Ask your teacher for any words or phrases you need.
Useful language
One thing I’d hate to be without is …
b) Describing objects
It was given to me by my …
I’ve had it for …
It’s made of …
It’s quite (small) …
c) Saying why it’s important
It’s really important to me because …
I need it for …
It’s very valuable.
It reminds me of …
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
Work in pairs to discuss the following questions.
Which THREE of the following Internet activities are most popular across all age groups?
Internet Activities
• Participate in a online auction
• Do research for school or training
What other Internet services can you think of, especially ones which would be popular with young people?
Interview your partner about their personal use of the Internet. Ask about these points, and be prepared to ask follow-up question to find out more.
• Activities you most use the Internet for, and why
• Time you spend on the Internet each week
• The best thing about the Internet
• The most annoying thing about the Internet
• People you email most often, and why
Study the following topic individually and take a few moments to make notes, perhaps in the form of a mind plan.
B. Internet activities
And explain why you like it so much.
Unit 5: Technology
Write about the following topic.
Mobile phones have brought many benefits but they have also had negative effects.
Do the disadvantages of having mobile phones outweigh the advantages?
Give reason for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge and experiences.
Useful expressions
146
3rd Vaccination (9%) 4th Computer with World wide web (8%)
B.
Nikon cameras are made in Japan Champagne is made in France
Ferrari cars are made in Italy Whisky is made in Scotland
IKEA furniture is made in Sweden
GRAMMAR
1
1. d 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c
6. c 7. d 8. b 9. a 10. b
2
1. where I was going. 2. how I had done that.
3. who would come to the cinema with them. 4. why I was so sad.
5. what the matter was. 6. how they could be so impatient.
7. which compact disk he was taking with him. 8. what he was to do.
9. how he knew that. 10. whether I was enjoying myself.
3
1. Andrew told me to clean the blue bike. 2. Jessica told me to write a text message.
3. Nelly told me to help Peter's sister. 4. Fred told me to wash my hands.
5. Anna told me to open the window. 6. Tom told me to come at 8.
7. The teacher told me to do my homework. 8. Doris told me to dance with her.
9. Sabine told me to meet Sandy at the station. 10. Victoria told me to check my e-mails.
4
1. Yesterday Mandy asked me if the boys were reading the books.
2. Yesterday Jason wanted to know who had given me the laptop.
3. Yesterday Robert asked me if Tim was living on Friday.
4. Yesterday Daniel asked me if it would rain the next day.
5. Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know where I played football that day.
6. Yesterday Nancy wanted to know why Nick hadn’t gone to New York the previous summer.
7. Yesterday Barbara asked me if she had to do her home work that afternoon.
8. Yesterday Linda wanted to know whether Max flew to London 2 weeks before.
147
9. Yesterday Grandmother asked me where my glasses were.
10. Yesterday a man asked me when the train to Liverpool left.
VOCABULARY
A.
1
d. webcam e. hands-free phone f. hair dryer
g. hand-held phone h. air conditioning i. MP3 player
j. DVD recorder k. central heating l. hair strengtheners
3
3. launderette/ where 4. plumber/ whose
5. vacuum cleaner / which (that)
4
B.
2
d. speakers e. scanner f. keyboard
g. mouse h. game console
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
A B
c. press the button
e. restart your computer
g. replay your messages
j. pause the tape
l. My mobile phone needs recharging
m. The batteries need replacing
148
4. make 5. log on 6. click on
7. go / download 8. have / search
4
3. user- friendly 8 laptop
4. Internet Service Provider 9. back-up copy
5. keyboards 10. websites
7
5. print 6. memory 7. laptop
8
9
4. central heating 5. air conditioning 6. hands-free phone
7. MP3 player 8. dishwasher
10
d. an anti-virus e. a mouse f. cyberspace
g. techie
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
b. cut c. open a new docu- ment
d. copy e. print f. open an existing document
g. paste
4. mobile 5. on 6. Enquiries
7. reverse 8. operator
4. message 5. out/not here/ in a meeting 6. back
7. (phone) number 8. Is that 9. here/in
10. be 11. leave 12. message
13. give 14. ring/call 15. (phone) number
16. Is that 17. This is/It’s 18. through
19. engaged 20. on
C. Fish case D. Wooden wheelchair
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
9. hacker 10. surf 11. log
12 space (cyberspace is one word)
Down
5. scroll 6. chat room 8. website
Invention Cost
3. hapa 4. Mekong
1. C 2. E 3. D 4. F 5. B
2
c.
PRONUNCIATION
LISTENING
A.
1
c. Downloading music d. Online shopping
2
3
a. Because there were over 300 emails in her inbox this morning
b. Because shopping online doesn’t feel like you’re spending money at all!
c. Yes, he does. Because it’s new stuff
d. Because he’s too busy to play role-play game
e. Any number of people can play
f. Most of her family live in the States, so she uses webcam to keep in touch with them
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
Object How she/she describes it Why it is important to
him/her
1. Mobile phone No description given Uses it to organize social life, by sending texts and calling people when out and about
2. Alarm clock Battery-operated, in the shape of a soldier wearing a uniform and helmet
Sentimental value, given by friends at university twelve years ago
3. Guitar Six string acoustic guitar Has had for over twenty years, plays it almost every day
4. Computer No description is given Uses it to store addresses, phone numbers and other in- formation, as well as to search the Internet and email friends and family
5. CD walkman Grey, quite slim Uses it on trains to block out other noise, has had it for six years since living in Japan
6. Ring Silver, with a heart in the middle, held by two hands from Ireland
Sentimental value; a re- minder of Irish grandmother
152
A
Answering machine n Máy tr li t ng
B
Boiler /’b.lr / n Ni nu
Broadband /’brd.bænd/ n Bng rng
C
Click on v (máy vi tính) cú nhp
Cook /kk/ n u bp
Cooker /’kk.r / n Bp
Crash /kræ/ adj Hng
D
Dry cleaner’s n Ca hang git khô
DVD recorder n u DVD
E
Engaged /n’gedd/ adj (ng in thoi) bn
Enquiries /n’kwa .ri/ n Ni hng dn, tng ài báo s in thoi
F
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
H
Hand-held computer n Máy tính cm tay
Hands-free phone n in thoi rnh tay
Hold down v Gi (nút)
K
L
Launderette /,ln’dret/ n Hiu git t ng
Link /lk/ n ng link
Literate /’lt.r.t/ adj Bit c, bit vit
M
Memory /’mem.r.i/ n B nh
Monitor /’mn..tr/ n Màn hình
O
Operate /’p.r.et/ v iu khin, vn hành
Operator /’p.r.e.tr / n Ngi trc tng ài
P
Plumber /’plm.r/ n Th sa ng nc
Press /pres/ v n
Provider /pr’va.dr/ n Nhà cung cp
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215
R
Reverse charge call n Cuc gi in thoi (mà ngi nghe in thoi tr tin)
Rewind /,ri’wand/ v Tua li
S
Speaker /’spi.kr/ n Loa
Switch on/off v Bt, tt
T
Techie /’tek.i/ n Chuyên viên, chuyên gia (máy tính, công ngh)
Technophobe /’tek.n-fb/ n Ngi s công ngh, không thích máy tính
Typewriter /’tap,ra.tr/ n Máy ánh ch
U
V
W
Website /’web.sat/ n Trang web
ENG103_Bai 5_v2.0013106215