1 1 text study text study idea sharing idea sharing notes to the text notes to the text words...

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Text Study

Idea Sharing

Notes to the Text Words and Expressions

Writing

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Summary

Understanding

Reproduction

Structure Analysis

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I. Structure Analysis

Part Para. Main Idea

1 1~_ General images of welfare clients and welfare caseworkers under the present system.

2 _~__ Problems with the present welfare system.

3 __~__ Suggestions to improve the present welfare system.

3

4 14

15 17

Introduction + Problems + Suggestions

Text Study—Structure Analysis

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Welfare clientsare believed tocheat moremoney out ofthe presentwelfare

system.(Para.1)

General images of welfare clients and welfare caseworkers under the present system General images of welfare clients and welfare caseworkers under the present system

There are welfareclients who chooseto live a life of complete honesty. (Para.2)

The relationshipbetween welfareclients andcaseworkers istense. (Para.3)

Part I


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Caseworkerstry to convict welfare clientof cheating.One example is offered.(Paras.4-8)

Problems with the present welfare system Problems with the present welfare system

Welfare clientsfind it extremelydifficult to havetheir wheelchairs repaired. Oneexample is offered. (Paras.9-12)

If welfare clients make money, they have to gothrough theembarrassingsituation of being questioned to account for everypenny. (Para.13)

The welfaresystem doesnot encourage welfare clientsto work tosupport them-selves andmake a gradualshift away from welfare.(Para.14)

Part II


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There needs tobe lawyers toprotect the rights of welfare clients. (Para.15)

Suggestions to improve the present welfare systemSuggestions to improve the present welfare system

Welfare clientsshould take stepsto fight for morerights for themselves.

(Para.16)

A new system issuggested toencourage welfareclients to develop theirtalents and supportthemselves. (Para.17)

Part III


4 3 Text Study—Understanding

II. Understanding1. Answer the following questions:

1) What kind of person is the author?

• handicapped; confined to wheelchair; carrying a urine bag everyday;• independent; self-respect; self-support; self-made

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caseworker

medical worker

wheelchair repair company

main welfare office

the handicapped client

2) How could the writer possibly get his wheelchair repaired?

Text Study—Understanding


It’s very difficult for welfare clients to ask for extra financial help.

3) What can you conclude from the procedure of asking for wheelchair repairs?


4) How do you describe Suzanne?

arrogant; suspicious; indifferent; careless; business-like; a detective


2. Fill in the chart with the information given in the text.

The Current Welfare System

The New Welfare System

welfare clients

welfare givers

the author’s opinion

earn part or all of their own livings; develop their talent without guilt or fear.encourage clients to work / live a better life / earn their own livings.

People will thrive under it.

cheat; bleed the system for extra money.

seek to convict the clients of cheating.

It can be easily abusedby the welfare givers as well as the clients.

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III. Summary

Text Study—Summary

Life in a wheelchair is tough. Living on welfare is just like sharing a dinner of raw pet food ____ the cat. Many welfare _____ do not have money to ___ a decent life. As a result, lying and cheating the ______ system for _____ money becomes normal. However, some unusual individuals, who have made a choice to live a life of complete _______, do tell the truth to caseworkers and _______ any extra income theymake. Being honest, however, is not without its problems.

withclients live

welfare extra

honestydeclare

(To be continued)

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Caseworkers will greatly ________ the frequency of their visits and leave behind a small mountain of paper work for the client to ____ out. The rules say that not a penny is to be ___________ for. Not a single gift, no matter how small, is to be unreported. These rules and the natural consequent lying unfortunately tend to transform caseworkers from being helpers of the poor to being _________ constantlysearching for any forms of cheating.

increase

fill unaccounted

detectives

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IV. Reproduction

Text Study—Reproduction

Student A acts as John Callahan, the welfare client, while Student B acts as Suzanne, the caseworker. Role-play the situation, using as many words and expressions in the textas possible.

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A sample beginning

Text Study—Reproduction

…

Student A: Good morning. This is John Callahan. May I speak to Suzanne?

Student B: This is Suzanne speaking. What seems to be the trouble today, Mr. Callahan?

Student A: My wheelchair can’t stop properly. It needs a new brake this time, I’m afraid. Student B: But Mr. Callahan, it’s only a week since you last had your chair repaired. I’ve heard that you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average.

Active Expressions

Focus Study

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I. Active Expressions

In English, you may find some expressions formed by very common words, but they

are active and powerful.

• What’s on at the cinema tonight?

• 今晚电影院上演什么？• What’s he up to?

• 他忙什么呢？

e.g.e.g.

Notes to the Text—Active Expressions

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1. Oh, I’m tempted to get paid under the table.

2. Deep down, caseworkers know that they are being made fools of by many of their clients… 3. Instead, I talked back.

4. … which is always breaking down because welfare won’t spend money maintaining it properly.


Find the active expressions:

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5. I live near downtown, so I can get around in a wheelchair.

6. I am an independent businessman, slowly building up my market.

7. ... not have to go through an embarrassing situation every time I...

8. … because the system so easily lends itself to abuse by welfare givers…


4 3 Notes to the Text—Active Expressions

Active Expressions

1. under the table

2. deep down

3. make a fool of sb.

4. talk back

5. break down

• in a secret way

• in one’s true feelings

• trick sb. or make them appear stupid in some way• reply rudely

• fail to work; stop working

(To be continued)

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9. lend itself to • be suitable for being used in a particular way or result in sth. bad easily


7. build up

8. go through

6. get around • move or travel around

• make sth. develop or form

• experience, endure or suffer something


TranslationTranslation

1. 有些政府官员私下收钱。

2. 她心底里是支持自己的丈夫加入这个组织的。

3. 难道你不明白她是在愚弄你？

4. 别顶嘴，不礼貌。

5. 汽车在去飞机场的途中抛锚了，我只好叫了一辆出租车。

(To be continued)


6. 坏消息传播得很快。

7. 她创办的生意很红火。

8. 经历了种种磨难，他还那么乐观，令人惊叹。

9. 她的嗓音不太适合唱歌。

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KeysKeys

1. Some government officials accepted money under the table.

2. Deep down, she supported her husband’s involvement in the organization.

3. Can’t you see she’s making a fool of you?

4. Don’t talk back. It’s rude.


(To be continued)


5. The car broke down on the way to the airport,

and I had to get a taxi.

6. Bad news gets around quickly.

7. She has built up a very successful business.

8. He’s amazingly cheerful considering all he’s

gone through.

9. Her voice doesn’t really lend itself well to

singing.

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II. Focus Study

Notes to the Text—Focus Study

Practice

The structure “be being + adjective / noun” is used to talk about action and behavior.e.g. • You’re being stupid. (= You’re doing stupid things.)• I was being very careful. (= I was doing something very carefully.)Note: We do not use this structure to talk about feelings.

1. I’m not being bitter.

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TranslationTranslation

• 他现在表现得很谦虚。• 他今天真是一个好孩子。

KeysKeys

• He is being modest.• He is being a nice boy today.


2. There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a champion for the rights of welfare clients, …

The word “there” is followed by the verb “need”. Some other verbs can also be used this way.e.g.There seems to be some problems.

Practice


TranslaTranslationtion• 接着就是一阵令人难以忍受的沉默。

• 问题出现了，不知该怎样来说服他采纳我们的建议。

KeysKeys• There followed an uncomfortable silence.• There arose the question of how to persuade

him into adopting our proposal.

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Word Word UsingUsing Matching Matching GameGame Chinese to Chinese to EnglishEnglish

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1. be supposed to

Words and Expressions—Word Using

I. Word Using

e.g.e.g.

• I haven’t seen it myself, but it’s supposed to be a great movie.

1) to be generally believed or expected to be or do something

• Eating too much fat is commonly supposed to cause heart disease.

4 3 Words and Expressions—Word Using

e.g.e.g.

The meeting was supposed to end at 4 p.m.

1. be supposed to 2) to be expected or required to do or to be

something according to a rule, a custom, an arrangement, etc.

Use itUse it

What are you supposed to do if you want to leave the classroom?

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2. opt vi.


to make a choice

Translation Translation

KeyKey

e.g.e.g.

When he left school, he opted to go to college and study for a degree, rather than getting a job straight away.

很多学生选择继续深造。

Many students opt to further their study.

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3. yield to


1) to stop resisting something

• The government refused to yield to the hostage takers’ demand.• I yielded to temptation and had a chocolate bar.


KeyKey• 政府拒绝答应人质挟持者的要求。• 我经不住诱惑，吃了一大块巧克力。


e.g.e.g.

KeyKey


3. yield to

2) to be replaced by something

Old-fashioned methods yielded to new technology.

收音机正被电视机取代。

Radio is yielding to television.


4. get / be involved in

The four men were all involved in organizing and carrying out the terrorist attacks.

e.g.e.g.


KeyKey

to be part of, included in, mixed up, or deeply concerned with something

警察不愿卷入这种事情。

The police are very reluctant to get involved in this sort of thing.

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5. be entitled to


Everyone’s entitled to vote when they are above 18.

e.g.e.g.


KeyKey

to have the right to have or do something

你到 65 岁时，可以享受养老金。

You will be entitled to a pension when you reach 65.

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6. liberal n.



KeyKey

[C] someone who accepts different opinions or ways of behaving

He regarded himself as a liberal and a friend of the poor and black people.

他自认为是一个开明的人，是穷人和黑人的朋友。


e.g.e.g.


KeyKey

6. liberal a.1) willing to accept different opinions or ways of behaving

We were fortunate enough to have a very liberal teacher.

她的父母思想开明，让她拥有许多自由。

Her parents are very liberal and allow her a lot of freedom.


6. liberal a.

2) giving or taking generously

• He’s very liberal with promises but much less so with money.


KeyKey• 他承诺时很慷慨，但给钱时远非如此。

• I think Sam is too liberal with his criticism.

• 我认为萨姆太爱批评人了。


7. lecture vt. to criticize someone or tell them how you think they should behave, esp. when it is done in an annoying way


• Don’t start lecturing me! • She’s always lecturing me about the way I dress.

• 别开始教训我 !

• 她老说我穿着不得体。

KeyKey


8. result in

to make something happen


• The earthquake resulted in thousands of deaths.

• These policies resulted in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship.

• 地震造成数千人死亡。• 这些政策导致许多老年人和残疾人生活艰难。

KeyKey


9. notify vt.

e.g.e.g.

to tell someone officially about something

• Please notify all staff that the inspectors will be here on Monday.

• Competition winners will be notified by post.

同根词同根词notice


10. certify vt.

e.g.e.g.

同根词同根词certificate n. 证明 ( 书 ) ；结业证书certification n. 证明；鉴定

to state that something is correct or true

• The accounts were certified correct by the

finance department. • The doctor certified me unfit to go to work

for the next month.


11. alert vt.

e.g.e.g.

1) to make someone notice something important or dangerous

• An anonymous ( 匿名的 ) letter alerted police to the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport.

• He altered teachers to the importance of observing children at play.



KeyKey

11. alert a.

2) paying attention to what is happening and ready to react if necessary

Passengers should try to stay alert atall times and report any suspiciouspackages to the police immediately.

乘客应该尽量一直保持警觉，发现任何可疑的包裹都要立即向警方报告。


11. alert a.

3) able to think quickly and clearly

Regular exercise could help you to be more alert.

经常锻炼有助于你更加敏捷。


KeyKey


12. account for

to be or give a reason for something or doingsomething


• I find it very difficult to account for the fact that two of our best students failed the exam.• How do you account for losing five games in a row?

KeyKey• 我觉得很难解释为什么两名最好的学生考试不及格。• 你如何解释一连输了五场比赛呢？


13. thrive vi.

• New businesses thrive in this area.• Three managers have left because of the pressure of work but Simpson seems to thrive on stress.

to become very successful or very strong and healthy

• 这地方新开张的生意都很兴隆。• 由于工作的压力，已有三位经理离职了，但辛普森却在压力面前越做越好。


KeyKey

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II. Matching Game

1.1. rawraw

2.2. championchampion

3.3. brakebrake

4.4. pastepaste

5.5. maidmaid

A. stick sth. to sth. else or in a specified place

B. not processed or cookedC. sb. who has won in a game,

competition, etc.D. a female servantE. a device for reducing the

speed of a vehicle and bringing it to a stop

Words and Expressions—Matching Game

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III. Chinese to English

Words and Expressions—C to E

福利救济对象

收据

填表 ( 格 )

尴尬的局面 / 情形

发挥某人的才干

一份稳定的工作

赔偿金

welfare clients

receipt

fill out a form

an embarrassing situation

develop one’s talents

a steady job

compensation

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Discussion

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1. Look at the following pictures and read the captions. Have a group discussion to decide who is more likely to get welfare assistance? State your reasons.

Idea Sharing

Discussion

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a teenage worker, 15 years old, parents died, working

in a small coal mine

a rubbish picker, 78 years old, no living partner, no children

Idea Sharing

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a child beggar, 7 years old, no chance to go to

school

a three-year-old child, severely ill, no money for medical treatment

Idea Sharing

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2. Do you think a better welfare system will encourage more lazy people ?

Idea Sharing

(open)

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Practical Writing

Structured Writing

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I. Structured Writing

Writing—Structured Writing

A General Statement Supported by Example(s)When writing a paragraph in English, examples are often used to support your general statement, which is usually put atthe beginning of a paragraph. Make sure every example should help to support thegeneral statement.

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Sample

Writing—Structured Writing

The United World College of South-East Asia encourages students to care about and help less fortunate people. For example, the college has a Global Concerns program that raises funds for welfare and environmental projects in developing countries. Students also learn about development issues in Humanities lessons. Finally, the college has a large social service program in which students work alongside elderly, handicapped orsick people from the local community.

Structure Analysis

4 3 Writing—Structured Writing

A general statement: The United World College of South-East Asia encourages students to care about and help less fortunate people.

The college has a Global Concerns program that raises funds for welfare and environmental projects in developing countries.

Students also learn about development issues in Humanities lessons.

The college has a large social service program in which students work alongside elderly, handicapped or sick people from the local community.

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3


Write a paragraph with a general statement supported by examples on the followingtopic:

There are many different forms of exercises to suit different tastes.

Your Task


Sample There are many different forms of exercises to suit different tastes. For example, those who enjoy competitive sports may take up ball games. For another example, if they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a walk in the morning or in the evening. Besides, people can go swimming in the summer and go skating in the winter. In short, no matter what their interests are, people can always find more than one sports that are suitable tothem.

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II. Practical Writing

Writing—Practical Writing

Letters of Consolation

A consolation letter should not only be a letter of consolation but should also reassure and help in coping with pain better. The following are somesuggestions on how to go about it.

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1.Begin with determining the trouble that the recipient of the letter is facing and write

your letter accordingly. 2.Tell them that you can understand what they are going through because you have faced similar trouble yourself (if you have) and reassure them of a human being’s ability to deal with and overcome every kind of trouble in life, however big it might seem at the present time.


Writing Tips

(To be continued)

4 3 Writing—Practical Writing

3. Remind them again that time is a healer and their present pain would definitely heal with time. 4. Let the recipient of the letter know that you grieved for them and wished that there was something you could do to lighten their burden of sorrow. Let them know that you are always there for them in case of any need, advice or guidance.

Writing Tips

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A letter to a relative who was hurt in a car accident


Sample 1

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Dear Aunt Annie: You may never know how shocked we were to hear that you were injured in a car accident last Sunday. We were, however, a bit relieved to learn later on that the injury was a minor one and you are back home now. But I am sure the shockyou received must be overwhelming. I hope you will overcome the shock completely and enjoy your visit in New York.

Love,Louise

Dear Aunt Annie: You may never know how shocked we were to hear that you were injured in a car accident last Sunday. We were, however, a bit relieved to learn later on that the injury was a minor one and you are back home now. But I am sure the shockyou received must be overwhelming. I hope you will overcome the shock completely and enjoy your visit in New York.

Love,Louise


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A letter to a friend who got a low TOEFL score


Sample 2

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Dear Xiao Lu: I am so sorry to learn of the unfortunate news that you didn’t score very high on the last TOEFL. I hope you won’t feel too discouraged by the results. You know you could have done better had you not been sick during the test day, and you know there will always be another chance to take the TOEFL. For now, just forget about the test and cheer up. You have more important things to do, such as school work and final examinations.

Margaret

Dear Xiao Lu: I am so sorry to learn of the unfortunate news that you didn’t score very high on the last TOEFL. I hope you won’t feel too discouraged by the results. You know you could have done better had you not been sick during the test day, and you know there will always be another chance to take the TOEFL. For now, just forget about the test and cheer up. You have more important things to do, such as school work and final examinations.

Margaret


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Write a letter to a foreign professor who is ill.


Your Task

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To Section B

The End of Section A

1 1 text study text study idea sharing idea sharing notes to the text notes to the text words...

Documents

welfare caseworkers

rights of welfare clients

current welfare system

welfare client of cheating

text studyunderstanding

present system

clients of cheating

text words