1 2 chromosome structure 3 chromosome number 4 prokaryotic cell division

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Page 1: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Page 2: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Chromosome Chromosome StructureStructure

Page 3: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Chromosome Chromosome NumberNumber

Page 4: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Prokaryotic Prokaryotic Cell DivisionCell Division

Page 5: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Cell Cell

DivisionDivision

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Cell CycleCell Cycle

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CytokinesisCytokinesis

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Chromosome

Structure

Chromosome

Number

Prokaryotic Cell Division

Eukaryotic Cell

Division

Cell Cycle

Cytokinesis

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This molecule This molecule makes up makes up

ChromosomesChromosomes

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What is DNA?What is DNA?

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Eukaryotic Eukaryotic DNA coils DNA coils

around these around these proteinsproteins

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What are What are Histones?Histones?

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Six billion pairs Six billion pairs of these make of these make

up DNA up DNA (monomer)(monomer)

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What are What are nucleotides?nucleotides?

Page 15: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Control Control activity of cellactivity of cell

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What is the What is the nucleus?nucleus?

Page 17: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Identical Identical halves of a halves of a

chromosomechromosome

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What are sister What are sister chromatids?chromatids?

Page 19: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Chromosome Chromosome number found number found

in human in human somatic cellssomatic cells

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What is 46?What is 46?

Page 21: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Last two Last two possible possible

chromosomes chromosomes on a karyotypeon a karyotype

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What is XX or What is XX or XY (sex XY (sex

chromosomes)chromosomes)??

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Human egg and Human egg and sperm with only sperm with only 23 chromosomes 23 chromosomes

have this have this chromosome chromosome

numbernumber

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What is 1n or What is 1n or haploid?haploid?

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All the All the chromosomes in chromosomes in

an organism an organism except X and Yexcept X and Y

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What are What are autosomes?autosomes?

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Number of copies Number of copies of each of each

autosome found autosome found in the body cell in the body cell of an organismof an organism

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What is two?What is two?

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Example of a Example of a common common

prokaryoteprokaryote

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What are What are bacteria?bacteria?

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Characteristic Characteristic that groups all that groups all

Prokaryotes Prokaryotes togethertogether

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What is no What is no nucleus & no nucleus & no membrane-membrane-

bound bound organelles?organelles?

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How long it takes How long it takes for a typical for a typical

bacterial cell to bacterial cell to reproducereproduce

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What is twenty What is twenty minutes?minutes?

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Division of Division of prokaryotic cells prokaryotic cells

is called thisis called this

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What is binary What is binary fission?fission?

Page 38: 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division

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Comparison of Comparison of daughter cells daughter cells formed when a formed when a bacterial cell bacterial cell

dividesdivides

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What is What is identical?identical?

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Organelle in Organelle in eukaryotes eukaryotes

where DNA is where DNA is foundfound

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What is the What is the nucleus?nucleus?

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Division of body Division of body cells is called cells is called

thisthis

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What is mitosis?What is mitosis?

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Cell division that Cell division that occurs in the occurs in the

ovaries & testesovaries & testes

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What is Meiosis?What is Meiosis?

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Most common Most common type of type of

reproduction reproduction used by used by

unicellular unicellular eukaryoteseukaryotes

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What is mitosis?What is mitosis?

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Fastest method Fastest method of reproduction of reproduction in eukaryotesin eukaryotes

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What is mitosis?What is mitosis?

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The longest The longest phase of the cell phase of the cell

cyclecycle

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What is What is interphase?interphase?

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Shortest phase Shortest phase of the cell cycleof the cell cycle

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What is What is cytokinesis?cytokinesis?

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Phase of the cell Phase of the cell cycle in which cycle in which the nucleus the nucleus

dividesdivides

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What is mitosis?What is mitosis?

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Phase of the cell Phase of the cell cycle when DNA cycle when DNA

is copiedis copied

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What is the S What is the S phase?phase?

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Phase where Phase where cells exit the cell cells exit the cell cycle and don’t cycle and don’t divide or copy divide or copy

DNADNA

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What is the GWhat is the Goo phase?phase?

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This part of a cell This part of a cell undergoes undergoes

divisiondivision

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What is What is cytokinesis?cytokinesis?

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Cytokinesis Cytokinesis begins during begins during

this mitotic stagethis mitotic stage

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What is What is telophase?telophase?

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This forms and This forms and divides animal divides animal

cellscells

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What is a What is a cleavage furrow?cleavage furrow?

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This forms and This forms and divides plant divides plant

cellscells

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What is a cell What is a cell plate?plate?

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The amount of The amount of organelles a cell organelles a cell has immediately has immediately

following following cytokinesiscytokinesis

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What is one-half?What is one-half?

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Mitotic Mitotic SpindleSpindle

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Division of Division of Body CellsBody Cells

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Prefixes and Prefixes and SuffixesSuffixes

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Meiosis IMeiosis I

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Meiosis IIMeiosis II

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GametogeneGametogenesissis

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Mitotic Spindl

e

Division of Body

Cells

Prefixes &

SuffixesMeiosi

s IMeiosi

s IIGametogenesis

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Mitotic phase in Mitotic phase in which the which the

spindle begins spindle begins to formto form

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What is What is prophase?prophase?

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Pair of cylindrical Pair of cylindrical bodies in animal bodies in animal cells that forms cells that forms

the spindlethe spindle

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What are What are centrioles?centrioles?

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Spindle fibers Spindle fibers are made of are made of

these structures these structures found in the found in the cytoplasmcytoplasm

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What are What are microtubules?microtubules?

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Spindle fibers Spindle fibers that attach to that attach to

the centromere the centromere of a chromosome of a chromosome

pairpair

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What are What are kinetochore kinetochore

fibers?fibers?

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Spindle fibers Spindle fibers that extend that extend completely completely

across a dividing across a dividing cellcell

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What are polar What are polar fibers?fibers?

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Another name for Another name for body cellsbody cells

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What are somatic What are somatic cells?cells?

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Chromosome Chromosome number found in number found in human body cellshuman body cells

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What is 46 or 2n?What is 46 or 2n?

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Type of Type of reproduction reproduction used by body used by body

cellscells

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What is asexual?What is asexual?

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Two examples of Two examples of cells in humans cells in humans

that aren’t called that aren’t called “body cells”“body cells”

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What are eggs & What are eggs & sperm?sperm?

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Type of cell in Type of cell in the body that the body that

does not does not undergo cell undergo cell

divisiondivision

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What are nerve What are nerve cells?cells?

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Prefix meaning Prefix meaning twotwo

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What is di-?What is di-?

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Suffix meaning Suffix meaning cellcell

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What is –cyte?What is –cyte?

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Prefix meaning Prefix meaning middlemiddle

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What is meta-?What is meta-?

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Prefix meaning Prefix meaning the samethe same

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What is homo-?What is homo-?

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Prefix meaning Prefix meaning eggegg

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What is oo-?What is oo-?

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Phase in which Phase in which DNA coils into DNA coils into chromosomeschromosomes

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What is Prophase What is Prophase I?I?

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Two structures Two structures that that

disassemble at disassemble at the beginning of the beginning of

Meiosis IMeiosis I

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What is the What is the nucleolus & nucleolus &

nuclear nuclear envelope?envelope?

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The pairing of The pairing of homologous homologous

chromosomeschromosomes

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What is What is synapsis?synapsis?

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Number of Number of chromosomes in chromosomes in

a tetrada tetrad

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What is four?What is four?

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Exchange of Exchange of genes that genes that

occurs during occurs during Meiosis IMeiosis I

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What is crossing-What is crossing-over?over?

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This process This process occurs before occurs before

Meiosis I, but Not Meiosis I, but Not before Meiosis IIbefore Meiosis II

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What is copying What is copying DNA?DNA?

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Spindle fibers Spindle fibers reform in this reform in this

phasephase

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What is Prophase What is Prophase II?II?

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Chromosomes Chromosomes are found here are found here

during during Metaphase IMetaphase I

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What is the What is the equator?equator?

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Organs in which Organs in which Meiosis occursMeiosis occurs

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What are the What are the testes and testes and ovaries?ovaries?

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Chromosome Chromosome number of cells number of cells

at the end of at the end of Meiosis IIMeiosis II

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What is 1n or What is 1n or haploid?haploid?

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Another name for Another name for reproductive reproductive

cells such as the cells such as the egg & spermegg & sperm

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What are What are gametes?gametes?

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Production of Production of sperm cellssperm cells

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What is What is spermatogenesisspermatogenesis

??

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Number of sperm Number of sperm cells formed cells formed

during during GametogenesisGametogenesis

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What is four?What is four?

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These small cells These small cells degenerate degenerate

during oogenesisduring oogenesis

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What are polar What are polar bodies?bodies?

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Chromosome Chromosome number found in number found in

a human a human spermatidspermatid

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What is 1n = 23?What is 1n = 23?

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Chromosomes with Chromosomes with identical size, shape, & identical size, shape, &

traits, but different allelestraits, but different alleles

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What are What are Homologs?Homologs?