1 2 chromosome structure 3 meiosis 4 dna 5 protein synthesis
TRANSCRIPT
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Chromosome Chromosome StructureStructure
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MeiosisMeiosis
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DNADNA
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Protein Protein SynthesisSynthesis
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InheritanceInheritance
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MitosisMitosis
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Chromosome
Structure
Meiosis DNA Protein Synthesi
s
Inheritanc
e
Mitosis
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This molecule This molecule makes up makes up
ChromosomesChromosomes
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What is DNA?What is DNA?
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Chromosomes Chromosomes that have that have
genes for the genes for the same traitsame trait
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What are What are homologous homologous
chromosomes?chromosomes?
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The number of The number of chromosomes chromosomes
in a human in a human somatic cellsomatic cell
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What is 46?What is 46?
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Chromosomes Chromosomes contain many contain many
of theseof these
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What are What are genes?genes?
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Identical Identical halves of a halves of a
chromosomechromosome
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What are sister What are sister chromatids?chromatids?
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Meiosis Meiosis produces produces
these types of these types of cellscells
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What are 4 What are 4 haploid cells?haploid cells?
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The numerical The numerical way to express way to express
meiosismeiosis
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What is 2n What is 2n n?n?
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Human egg and Human egg and sperm with only sperm with only 23 chromosomes 23 chromosomes
have this have this chromosome chromosome
numbernumber
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What is 1n or What is 1n or haploid?haploid?
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Meiosis is Meiosis is associated with associated with
this type of this type of “reproduction”“reproduction”
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What is sexual?What is sexual?
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The cell The cell produced two produced two
gametes gametes combine through combine through
fertilizationfertilization
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What is a What is a zygote?zygote?
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The four nitrogen The four nitrogen bases in DNAbases in DNA
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What are A, T, C, What are A, T, C, G?G?
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The basic The basic building block of building block of
DNADNA
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What are What are nucleotides?nucleotides?
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When a DNA When a DNA strand “unzips”, strand “unzips”, it’s involved in it’s involved in
this processthis process
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What is DNA What is DNA replication?replication?
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If one strand of If one strand of DNA’s nitrogen DNA’s nitrogen
bases are C-A-C-bases are C-A-C-T-G-G, it’s T-G-G, it’s
complementary complementary strand would bestrand would be
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What is G-T-G-A-What is G-T-G-A-C-C?C-C?
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The coded The coded information in information in
DNA determines DNA determines the formation of the formation of
thesethese
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What are What are proteins or proteins or
polypeptides?polypeptides?
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The nitrogen The nitrogen bases for RNA bases for RNA
are:are:
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What is A, U, C, What is A, U, C, G?G?
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During protein During protein synthesis, amino synthesis, amino acids are picked acids are picked
up in the up in the cytoplasm by cytoplasm by
thesethese
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What are tRNA?What are tRNA?
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These molecules These molecules carry DNA’s carry DNA’s
message from message from the nucleus to the nucleus to
cytoplasmcytoplasm
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What are mRNA?What are mRNA?
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If a DNA’s code If a DNA’s code was TACGAT, was TACGAT,
what would the what would the mRNA strand bemRNA strand be
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What is AUGCUA?What is AUGCUA?
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This type of RNA This type of RNA molecule reads molecule reads
the mRNA the mRNA messagemessage
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What is rRNA?What is rRNA?
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The offspring The offspring from two from two
heterozygous heterozygous parents produces parents produces what phenotype what phenotype
ratioratio
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What is 3:1?What is 3:1?
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The observed The observed trait is called thistrait is called this
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What is What is dominant?dominant?
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A homozygous A homozygous recessive recessive
individual would individual would have this have this genotypegenotype
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What is rr?What is rr?
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A dihybrid cross A dihybrid cross between two between two heterozygous heterozygous
individuals would individuals would result in this result in this
ratioratio
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What is 9:3:3:1?What is 9:3:3:1?
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The father of The father of geneticsgenetics
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What was Gregor What was Gregor Mendel?Mendel?
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Mitosis produces Mitosis produces this many cells this many cells
from onefrom one
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What is 2?What is 2?
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Mitosis would Mitosis would occur in these occur in these types of cellstypes of cells
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What are What are body/somatic body/somatic
cells?cells?
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Numerical Numerical representation representation
for mitosisfor mitosis
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What is 2n What is 2n 2n? 2n?
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The type of The type of reproduction reproduction
associated with associated with mitosismitosis
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What is asexual?What is asexual?
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Mitosis will NOT Mitosis will NOT produce these produce these
two types of cellstwo types of cells
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What are sperm What are sperm and egg?and egg?
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DNA DNA Nitrogen Nitrogen
BasesBases
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RNA RNA Nitrogen Nitrogen
BasesBases
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MitosisMitosis
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Punnett Punnett SquaresSquares
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NucleotidesNucleotides
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Chromosome Chromosome numbersnumbers
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DNA Bases
RNA Bases
Mitosis Punnett
Squares
Nucleotides
ChromosomeNumbers
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The nitrogen The nitrogen base adenine base adenine always bonds always bonds
with this with this nitrogen basenitrogen base
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What is thymine?What is thymine?
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Nitrogen bases Nitrogen bases are held together are held together
by this type of by this type of bondbond
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What are What are hydrogen bonds?hydrogen bonds?
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The nitrogen The nitrogen base guanine base guanine always bonds always bonds
with this with this nitrogen basenitrogen base
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What is cytosine?What is cytosine?
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The specificity of The specificity of genetic material genetic material is the result of is the result of
thisthis
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What is the order What is the order of nitrogen of nitrogen
bases?bases?
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If a DNA strand If a DNA strand nitrogen base nitrogen base sequence was sequence was AATGAT, what AATGAT, what
would the would the complementary complementary
strand bestrand be
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What is TTACTA?What is TTACTA?
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The nitrogen The nitrogen base that’s in base that’s in
RNA but not DNARNA but not DNA
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What is uracil?What is uracil?
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In RNA, guanine In RNA, guanine bonds with this bonds with this nitrogen basenitrogen base
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What is cytosine?What is cytosine?
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In RNA, the In RNA, the nitrogen base nitrogen base
uracil binds with uracil binds with this nitrogen this nitrogen
basebase
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What is adenine?What is adenine?
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The matching The matching tRNA anticodon tRNA anticodon for mRNA with for mRNA with
AAUAAU
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What is UUA?What is UUA?
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The process of The process of moving from moving from mRNA to a mRNA to a
proteinprotein
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What is What is translation?translation?
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The first phase of The first phase of mitosismitosis
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What is What is prophase?prophase?
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The phase that The phase that comes after comes after
mitosismitosis
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What is What is cytokinesis?cytokinesis?
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When spindle When spindle fibers separate fibers separate
the sister the sister chromatidschromatids
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What is What is anaphase?anaphase?
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The number of The number of chromosomes chromosomes that each new that each new
cell would have cell would have if a human body if a human body cell replicatedcell replicated
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What is 46?What is 46?
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When When chromosomes chromosomes
line up along the line up along the equator of a cellequator of a cell
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What is What is metaphase?metaphase?
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A word used to A word used to describe this describe this genotype HHgenotype HH
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What is What is homozygous homozygous dominannt?dominannt?
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A word used to A word used to describe the describe the genotype hhgenotype hh
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What is What is homozygous homozygous recessive?recessive?
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A word used to A word used to describe the describe the genotype Hhgenotype Hh
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What is What is heterozygous?heterozygous?
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The genotype The genotype produced when produced when
homozygous homozygous dominant and dominant and homozygous homozygous
recessive materecessive mate
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What is What is heterozygous?heterozygous?
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The parents The parents genotype when genotype when 314 tall and 98 314 tall and 98 short plants are short plants are
producedproduced
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What are Tt and What are Tt and Tt?Tt?
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The sugar in a The sugar in a nucleotidenucleotide
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What is What is deoxyribose?deoxyribose?
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The three parts The three parts of a nucleotideof a nucleotide
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What are sugar, What are sugar, phosphate phosphate group, and group, and
nitrogen basenitrogen base
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The only part The only part that changes in a that changes in a
nucleotidenucleotide
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What is the What is the nitrogen base?nitrogen base?
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The number of The number of nucleotides nucleotides
which represent which represent a codona codon
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What is 3?What is 3?
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The cellular The cellular location where location where nucleotides are nucleotides are converted into converted into ribonucleotidesribonucleotides
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What is the What is the nucleus?nucleus?
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The process that The process that would cause a would cause a
gamete to have gamete to have an extra an extra
chromosomechromosome
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What is What is nondisjunction?nondisjunction?
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Gametes from a Gametes from a human have this human have this
number of number of chromosomeschromosomes
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What is 23?What is 23?
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Mitosis results in Mitosis results in cells that have cells that have this number of this number of chromosomes chromosomes
(relative to the (relative to the original cell)original cell)
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What is “the What is “the same”?same”?
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Meiotic cell Meiotic cell division produces division produces
cells that have cells that have this number of this number of chromosomeschromosomes
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What is “half” or What is “half” or “n”?“n”?
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When human When human fertilization fertilization occurs, the occurs, the
zygote contains zygote contains this number of this number of chromsomeschromsomes
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What is 46?What is 46?
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When a high concentration When a high concentration of an enzyme that breaks of an enzyme that breaks down RNA is introduced in down RNA is introduced in
a cell, this activity would be a cell, this activity would be affected firstaffected first
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What is What is protein protein
synthesis?synthesis?