1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 flag
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
04/19/23
ph tosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
![Page 2: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
04/19/23
FlagFlag
![Page 3: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
04/19/23
Green Maple LeafGreen Maple Leaf
![Page 4: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
04/19/23
Green shoresGreen shores
![Page 5: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
04/19/23
Chlorenchyma cells
Stoma
Chloroplast
Site of Photosynthesis in PlantsSite of Photosynthesis in Plants
![Page 6: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
04/19/23
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Light reactions (require light)– Photochemistry
Dark reactions (light not required)– Carbon fixation
![Page 7: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
04/19/23
Overview of PhotosyntheisOverview of Photosyntheis
![Page 8: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
04/19/23
Conjugated double bonds
ChlorophyllChlorophyll
![Page 9: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
04/19/23
Light reactionLight reaction
chl = chlorophyllA = electron acceptor
chl chl* (excited form)
chl* + A chl+ + A-
Light
![Page 10: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
04/19/23
Light harvesting in a photosystemLight harvesting in a photosystem
Primary electron acceptor
Photon
Light harvesting centre (antenna)
Reactioncentre
e-
![Page 11: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
04/19/23
Light reactionsLight reactions
Electrons are ejected from chlorophyll in reaction center
Energy from excited electrons is used – to pump protons (H+) across a membrane – to reduce NADP+
Proton motor force (PMF) across membrane drives ATP synthesis
![Page 12: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
04/19/23
Stroma
Lumenof thylakoid
Reaction center
e donor
e acceptor
When we turn on the lights...
Light ReactionsLight Reactions
![Page 13: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
04/19/23
Stroma
Lumenof thylakoid
Reaction center
e donor
e- acceptor
+
e-
separationcharge
+++
PhotonsPhotons
![Page 14: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
04/19/23
+++
Stromahigh pH
lumenlow pH
H+
H+
H+H
+ H+
H+
H+
Proton pumpADP ATP
PMF
ATP'aseATP'ase
![Page 15: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
04/19/23
Two modes of photosyntheticelectron transportTwo modes of photosyntheticelectron transport
Cyclic (purple bacteria- old)
Non-cyclic (the more recent mode)
1 = reaction centre
2 = quinones (e- transport)
3 = proton pump (cytochromes)
4 = cytochrome
5 = ATP’ase or CF0 CF1 complex
![Page 16: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
04/19/23
+++
Cytosol
Exterior
H+
H+H
+ H+H
+ H+
LightATP?
H+
1
2
3
4
5
Cyclic electron transport (in purple bacteria)Cyclic electron transport (in purple bacteria)
![Page 17: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
04/19/23
Non-cyclic electron transportuses TWO photosystemsNon-cyclic electron transportuses TWO photosystems
The old one, PS I (p700nm) and
A more recent one, PS II (p680 nm)
![Page 18: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
04/19/23
+++
H+
H+H
+
H+H
+ H+
LightATP?
H+PS II PS I
e
e
H2O 2H+1/2 O2
NADP+ + H+ + 2e- NADPH
1
2
3
4
5
1
Non Cyclic Electron TransportNon Cyclic Electron Transport
![Page 19: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
04/19/23z
Non-cyclic e- flowNon-cyclic e- flow
![Page 20: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
04/19/23
Cyclic electron FlowCyclic electron Flow
cyclic e- flow
![Page 21: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
04/19/23
Logistics of chemiosmosisLogistics of chemiosmosis(mito) (chloroplast)(mitochondrion)
![Page 22: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
04/19/23
Thylakoid MembraneThylakoid Membrane
Thylakoid space
Stroma
![Page 23: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
04/19/23
Calvin & colleagues Applied radioisotopically labelled carbon (14C) to algae (in light) Killed them Separated the labelled products by chromatography Determined the pathway of carbon in photosynthesis
Dark Reactions of Photosynthesis Dark Reactions of Photosynthesis
![Page 24: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
04/19/23
Calvin CycleCalvin Cycle
![Page 25: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
04/19/23
EfficientSaves water too!
C4 photosynthesisC4 photosynthesis
Uses compartmentation of leaf
Two C-fixation steps (one is temporary)
Shuttles CO2 to inner compartment
Fixes CO2 by conventional C3
photosynthesis
![Page 26: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
04/19/23
2. Bundle sheath
1. Mesophyll
CO2
C3+CO2 C4
C4
CO2
C3
ATP ADP
(low conc.)
(high conc.)
C4 AnatomyC4 Anatomy
![Page 27: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
04/19/23
C4 PathwayC4 Pathway
C4-photosynthesis
![Page 28: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
04/19/23
C4 vs CAM PathwayC4 vs CAM PathwayC4 CAM
Separation in space Separation in time
![Page 29: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
04/19/23
Outer membrane
Inner membraneInter-membrane space
1. Stroma
2. Thylakoid space3. Thylak. membrane
What happens at 1,2 & 3?
Question??Question??
![Page 30: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
04/19/23
Photosynthesis: OverviewPhotosynthesis: Overview
![Page 31: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
04/19/23
Like life, our atmosphere is
evolvingLike life, our atmosphere is
evolving
Atmosphere....the dynamic gaseous boundary layer between our planet and space
The Atmosphere was (and is being) created by photosynthesis... oxygen, ozone (derived from oxygen), CO2 fixation are all regulated by photosynthesis.
![Page 32: 1 9/19/2015 ph to synthesis Photosynthesis 2 9/19/2015 Flag](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649e5f5503460f94b5930f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
04/19/23
The End