1 an introduction to management information systems is 340 by chandra s. amaravadi
TRANSCRIPT
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AN INTRODUCTION TO
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
IS 340
BY
CHANDRA S. AMARAVADI
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IN THIS PRESENTATION
Why information systems? What are information systems? What is their role in organizations? How are they developed? What are some current issues? Course outline and features
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THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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IT budget for Nation’s Bank $2 billion IT budget for Bank America $ 4 billion Web spending $200 billion U.S. IT spending approx $1 trillion Worldwide IT spending $2.6 trillion
WHY INFORMATION SYSTEMS?
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WHY INFORMATION SYSTEMS?
Morgan Stanley, An investment bank24hr/day 7day/week operation15,000 computers to process 100,000 trades/day34,000 batch jobs/day100 million lines of codeIntranet with 10,000 users
Consider the following:
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MOTIVATION FOR IS
What business changes [in the last 30 years] haveresulted in the increased demand for informationsystems?
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DEFINITION AND EXAMPLES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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DEFINITION OF IS
“A collection of computer systems to support information processing in organizations.” -- preferred definition.
“A set of interrelated components working together tocollect, process, store and disseminate information tosupport decision making, co-ordination, control, analysisand visualization.”
Information technologies refer to technologies such ascomputers, Networks, LANs etc.
CUSTOMER
PRODUCTION
INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
orders
order fulfillment
ACCOUNTING/FINANCE
rawmaterials
SUPPLIERS
SALES/MARKETING
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Billing systems Bank account processing Online ordering Sales prediction Repair assessment
SOME EXAMPLESOF INFORMATION SYSTEMS ARE
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EVOLUTION/TYPES OF INFORMATIONSYSTEMS
Transaction processingReporting systems
Database management systemsDecision supportOffice information systems
AI based systemsExecutive information systemsStrategic information systems
Enterprise information systemsE-Commerce systemsKnowledge Management systems
1950’s
1970’s
1980’s
1990’s
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TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMSTransaction processing systems: process business transactionsReporting systems: summarize transaction informationDatabase management systems: systems to manage informationDecision support systems: support analysis of data to aid in d.m.Executive information systems: systems to support executive d.m.Office information systems: provide support to office workersAI & expert systems: use artificial intelligence to duplicate human activity (in organizations).Strategic systems:systems which support the strategy of the organization and improve competitive advantage.Enterprise information systems: systems which support all functional areas, from marketing to production. E-commerce systems: systems for browsing, ordering, payment etc. KM Systems: support organizational knowledge.
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ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
WHAT IS A ROLE?
An IS role is a particular usage of information systems.
Labor substitution Managerial control …………
Take the example of a building.
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1950s: Labor Substitution Use technology instead of labor
60s-70s: Managerial Control Use information to control operations
80s-90s: Organizational Strategy Support organizational strategy
80s-90s: Institutional Core Activities Support activities such as accounting, finance etc.
80s-90s: Organizational Redesign See next
Current: E-Commerce (not discussed) Support web operations
LABOR SUBSTITUTION &MANAGERIAL CONTROL
Information
Cha
nges
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ORGANIZATIONALSTRATEGY ROLE
Started with classic cases of SABRE & AHS SABRE -- reservation system of AA AHS (BAXTER) -- system now classified as SCM.
IS should support org. strategies
Note: AA – American Airlines; AHS – American Hospital Supply, now Baxter
AHSHOSPITAL
Use IS as a competitive weapon
INSTITUTIONAL/CORE ACTIVITIES
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ORGANIZATIONAL RE-DESIGN
Simplify & redesign business processes Extend organizational boundaries Support new organizational structures
Change organizational structure:
Note: E-commerce role will be discussed later in the course
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
IS development is the process of developingan information system.
Systems analysis and design (SAD) Software development/software engg. Information systems development
Also known as:
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IS DEVELOPMENT METHODS
Conventional/TraditionalPrototyping (RAD)Object oriented
RAD: Rapid Application Development
Note: these methods will be discussed later in the course
THE IS DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Programmers
Users
BusinessAnalysts
Projectmanager
Specsapplication/information system
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CURRENT ISSUES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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Managing global projects Open Source software Information privacy Information security -- viruses
CURRENT ISSUES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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COURSE OUTLINE AND FEATURES
COURSE OBJECTIVES
A good and thorough understanding ofwhat information systems are, where theyare used and how they are developed.
COURSE PHILOSOPHY
Application of technologies to business problems.
Understanding of technology v. imp. This is nature of IS Needed by AACSB, for info. literacy
Course arranged in this manner Tests based on understanding matl.
COURSE FEATURES
Concept oriented (but technical)Learn concept and apply itLarge # of conceptsCritical thinking is importantBecome SW independent
Refers to current business eventsLots of questions, discussionsdigressions welcome!
KEEP UP!KEEP UP!
COURSE OUTLINE
Information Systems Technologies
Information Systems Applications
Information Systems Development
•Hardware infra.•Software infra.•Internet•Database
•TP & ERP systems*•E-Commerce•Management support systems•AI and expert systems
•Conventional•Prototyping*
*if time permits
COURSE EVALUATION
Straight scale
Note: The following is tentative, please refer to your syllabus for uptodate allocation of points
Evaluation Item Points
Midterms (2 x 100) 200
Final exam 100
Quizzes (4 x 10 – 1 x 10) 30
Assignments (5 x 20) 100
Participation 40
Total 470
PARTICIPATION
Both assigned and spontaneous Research a topic & give a 5 min presentationAnswer questions, raise relevant issues Relate topics to discussions in press
Quality > frequency One good contribution per class adequate for an “A” in participation Avoid disruptive activities
DISRUPTIVE ACTIVITIES
Talking to class mates Eating Texting Checking for messages Homework Studying for another course/test Etc.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Turn in Assignments on day they are due (before class) Check into web site for assignments and other announcements No makeups except under extreme circumstances (with documentation)
Take notes & review materials before class No talking, eating, sleeping or doing HW in class!