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1 A A t t o o m m i i c c S S t t r r u u c c t t u u r r e e

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Page 1: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

1

AAttoommiic c SSttrruuccttuurree

Page 2: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

2

Page 3: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

3

Overview of topic

Atomic Structure

Structure of Atoms

Isotopes

Electronic Arrangement

Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

Ions

Page 4: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

4

Today’s Menu

• What is an atom• Structure of an atom• Relative charges and

approximate relative masses of proton, neutron and an electron

• Symbol of an atom• Proton number, nucleon

number

Page 5: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

5

What is an What is an atom?atom?

Page 6: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

6

What is an atom

•All matters are made up of atoms

•Atoms are extremely small in size

Page 7: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

7

What is an atom

• Picture of lithium atoms in the compound lithium cobalt oxide

• Taken with a transmission electron microscope, which can magnify objects up to 500,0000 times

Page 8: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

8

What is an atom

• An atom consists of 3 subatomic particles:

1)Protons2)Neutrons3)Electrons• Atom is a particle which is

electrically neutral• No. of protons = No. of

electrons

Page 9: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

9

Structure of an Atom

Page 10: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

10

Structure of an Atom

Protons and Neutrons

+

Electrons

Nucleus

Shells

•

•

•

•

•

•

Page 11: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

11

Structure of an Atom

Shells

Page 12: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

12

Structure of an Atom

Electrons

Shells

•

•

•

•

•

•

Page 13: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

13

Structure of an Atom

Protons and Neutrons

+

Electrons

Nucleus

Shells

•

•

•

•

•

•

Page 14: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

14

Structure of an Atom

Atoms_&_Electrons.mov

Page 15: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

15

Relative charges and approximate relative masses

Page 16: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

16

Particle Charge Relative Mass Remarks

Proton(p)

+1 1 • Mass is the same as that of a hydrogen atom• Found in the nucleus of the atom

Neutron

(n)

0 1 • Mass is the same as that of a hydrogen atom• Found in the nucleus of the atom

Electron

(e-)

-1 1/1840(negligible)

• One hydrogen atom weighs as much as 1836 electrons• Found around the nucleus.

Page 17: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

17

Symbol of an atom

Page 18: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

18

Page 19: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

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Symbol of an atom

Chemical Symbol

Nucleon Number

Proton Number

E.g. ArO, Mg, 40

18

16

8

24

12

Page 20: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

20

Proton number, nucleon number

Page 21: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

21

Proton number

• Proton number (atomic number)

The number of protons in an

atom

• For an atom, no. of protons = no. electrons

Page 22: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

22

Nucleon number

•Nucleon number (mass number)= no. of protons + no. neutrons

•No. of Neutrons= Nucleon number – Proton

number

Page 23: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

23

ExampleExampleGiven ,

(a) What is the proton number? Ans: 29

(b) What is the number of electrons in Cu atom?

Ans: 29

(c) What is the nucleon number? Ans: 64

(d) What is the number of neutrons? Ans: 64-29=53

Cu64

29

Page 24: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

24

Summary

Page 25: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

25

Summary

•Structure of an atom

•Relative charges and approximate relative masses of protons, neutrons and electrons

+

ElectronsNucleus

Protons and Neutrons

Page 26: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

26

Summary

•Symbol of an atom

•Proton number, nucleon number

Chemical Symbol

Nucleon Number

Proton Number

Page 27: 1 Atomic Structure. 2 3 Overview of topic Atomic Structure Structure of Atoms Isotopes Electronic Arrangement Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table

27

Any Any QuestionsQuestions


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