1 chapter overview rom and ram memory mapping. 2 defining memory memory is the area within a...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter Overview
ROM and RAM Memory Mapping
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Defining Memory
Memory is the area within a computer where information is stored while being worked on. Information is stored by using 0s and 1s as
switches. When strung together, these switches can
represent large numbers and code values.
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Nonvolatile and Volatile Memory
Computer memory includes two major classes. Nonvolatile: computer retains data when
the power is shut off Volatile: computer loses data when the
power is shut off
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Read-Only Memory (ROM) Is nonvolatile memory, generally
installed during manufacturing Protects the information required to
start and run the computer Holds instructions for performing the
power-on self test (POST) and basic input/output system (BIOS) information
Requires attention only if it needs to be replaced or upgraded
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Random Access Memory (RAM)
Is volatile memory Includes two common forms
Dynamic RAM (DRAM) Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)
Uses two methods to ensure data integrity Parity Error-correction encoding (ECC)
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RAM Packaging
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Memory Configuration
8-bit data bus requires memory in 8-bit chunks.
16-bit data bus requires memory in 16-bit chunks.
32-bit data bus requires memory in 32-bit chunks.
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Installing SIMMs
Check the memory module voltage. Use electrostatic discharge (ESD)
protection and handle single inline memory modules (SIMMs) carefully.
Insert the SIMM at a 45-degree angle and click it into place. (The notch in the SIMM prevents improper installation.)
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Cache Memory
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Hexadecimal Code
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Memory Allocation
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Shadow RAM
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Determining Usable Memory
MEM.COM DisplayMEM.COM Display
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Chapter Summary The two basic computer memory types are
ROM (nonvolatile) and RAM (volatile). RAM is packaged in a variety of designs. Installing SIMMs requires ESD protection
and careful handling. Cache memory enhances performance. Hexadecimal code simplifies binary code
notation. Memory allocation has been simplified
under Microsoft Windows.