1. concept, role, skill, approch, level, hospital [compatibility mode]
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WEL-COMEWEL-COME
1R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
Strengthening Leadership Qualities among Nurse Managers Working in
B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences
Ram Sharan MehtaPrincipal Investigator
2R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
Aims of the Study:
� To offer practicing nursing managers
educational activities that enhances
the cognitive and practical skills the cognitive and practical skills
necessary to strengthening
leadership qualities among the nurse
working in Medical-Surgical Units of
BPKIHS.
3R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
List of Contents: � Nursing service administration
� Nursing Management Process
� Functions and types of management &
LeadershipLeadership
� Supervision and clinical supervision
� Patients Right, Ethical and Legal issues
� Principles of management
� Functions of management
� Nosocomial infection and Universal precaution
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� Basic life support and CPR & Management of
Anaphylaxis
� HIV/AIDS
� Conflict management
� Blood transfusion
� Factors affecting the quality of patient care� Factors affecting the quality of patient care
� Recording, Reporting , Nursing Standard and
Nursing Audit
� Methods of Assignment
� Communication and coordination
� Motivation5R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
� Organization culture and behaviour
� Decision making and problem solving
� Some basic concepts have to learn to live
� Characteristics of organization
� Self management
Peter F Druker Quotes� Peter F Druker Quotes
� Causes of stress in nursing
� Reason for public anger to Nurses
� Emerging trends in Nursing
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Explanation of
the Packagethe Package
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Nursing Leadership
&
Management
Ram Sharan Mehta
Medical-Surgical Nursing Department
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� Coordinate the individual efforts to
common goal: e.g.: Dharhara,
Singhdarbar, Tajmahal, Great wall of
china etc.
Concepts:
china
� Approach of management:
productivity, process, decision
making, human relation, and
system approach. R S MEHTA, MSND 10
Nursing Management
� This is defined as the coordination
and integration of nursing resources by
applying the management process applying the management process
to accomplish nursing care and
service goals and objectives
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�FOUNDATIONS &
RESOURCES OF
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
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1.MEN
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2.MONEY
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3. MATERIALS
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4.MACHINES
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5. Time Management
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� What is the Difference
between a MANAGEMENT
AND LEADERSHIP?
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LEADERSHIP
�To Guide, to go before and
show the way
�Leadership is the art of
developing people
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MANAGEMENT
� Is a process by which cooperative
group directs actions towards
common goals.
� It involves techniques by which
distinguished group of people
coordinates the services of people
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Why do we have to study MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP?
� nurses must realize that
they have to keep up with
the many changes in the the many changes in the
health care system and its
delivery of services to the
people
� Nurses believe that leaders
are made and not born!!!!22R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
ROLE OF MANAGERS
�The basic roles performed by
managers as
1. INTERPERSONAL,1. INTERPERSONAL,
2. INFORMATIONAL,
3. DECISIONAL
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1.INTERPERSONAL ROLE
� As a leader who:
�Hires
�Trains�Trains
�Encourages
�Fires
�Remunerates
� Judges
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�As a LIASON officer between
outside contracts such as the
community, suppliers and the
organizationorganization
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2.INFORMATIONAL ROLE�One who monitors information
�Disseminates information from both
external and internal sources
�As a spokesperson or representative �As a spokesperson or representative
of the organization.
�She represents the subordinates to
superiors and the upper management
to the subordinates
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3.DECISIONAL ROLE
�Problem discoverer, a designer to
improve projects that direct and
control change in the organization
�As a Negotiator when conflicts arise
1. PROBLEM SOLVER
2. TROUBLE SHOOTER
3. NEGOTIATOR
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DEVELOPING FUTURE MANAGERS
� Managerial development programs are very
useful means of getting qualified managers.
� The necessary fundamental skills of a
manager are:manager are:
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a. TECHNICAL SKILLS
� Relate to the proficiency in performing an
activity in the correct manner with the right
technique
b. HUMAN RELATIONSHIP SKILLS
� Pertains to dealing with people and how to “Get
Along with them”Along with them”
c. CONCEPTUAL SKILLS
� Deal with the ability to see individual matters as
they relate to the total picture and to develop
creative ways of identifying pertinent factors,
responding to the big problems, and discarding
irrelevant facts29R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
Approach in developing managers
emphasizes:
1.ATTITUDE FACTORS
2. KNOWLEDGE FACTORS
3. ABILITY FACTORS
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a. ATTITUDE FACTORS
� Interest in one’s work
� Confidence in one’s mental competence
� Desire to accept one’s responsibility
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b. KNOWLEDGE FACTORS
> Refers to ideas, concepts or principles
that can be expressed and are accepted
because they have logical proofs
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c. ABILITY FACTORS
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� Include skills, art, judgment and
wisdom
�Nursing Service Administrators are
required to be academically prepared
�Prior to promotion or holding of
managerial positions, nurses who have managerial positions, nurses who have
the potential to become administrators
are asked to participate in managerial
staff development programs
(e.g. Singapore CGH, 2 weeks training)
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LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
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1. TOP MANAGEMENT
� Overall operations of nursing
services, establishes goals,
objectives, policies and objectives, policies and
strategies
� Chief nurse, Director, Matron
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2. MIDDLE MANAGEMENT
� Coordinator of nursing activities of
several units
� Supervisor, Coordinator
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3. FIRST LEVEL MANAGEMENT
� Responsible for production of
nursing services; act as links
between higher level managers between higher level managers
and non-managers
� Ward Incharge, Head nurse,
Team leader
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LEADERSHIP ROLES
� TOP --------------------------------ADMINISTRATOR
� MIDDLE---------------------------SUPERVISORS
� FIRST LINE-----------------------HEADNURSES/SENIOR
NURSESNURSES
� OPERATIONAL LEVEL----------STAFF NURSES/ ANMs
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Three basic competences
Level ofmanagement
Imanagement
Technical skills Interpersonal skills Conceptual skills
II
III
TYPE OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES
1. Bureaucratic� Commonly called line structures or staff
organizations seen in large healthcare facilities
Advantage:
Clearly defines authority and responsibility� Clearly defines authority and responsibility
Disadvantages:
� Transfer workers
� Produces monotony
� Restricts upward communication
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2. Ad hoc� Used on a temporary basis to complete a
particular project (e.g. Kala-azar Project)
� Usually disbanded after a project is completed
Advantage:
Serves as a way for professionals to handle � Serves as a way for professionals to handle
the situations
Disadvantages:
1. Decreases strength in the formal chain of command
2. Decreases employees' loyalty to the parent
organization42R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
3. Matrix� Focuses on both product and function, with
emphasis on the required task and the end-
result of the function (e.g. Car Factory)
Advantages:
1.Centralizes expertise1.Centralizes expertise
2. Less formal rules
3. Fewer levels of hierarchy
Disadvantage:
� Slow decision-making can produce confusion
and frustration43R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
Conflict� Why it is important?
(No two individual has Same Thoughts)
�How to manage it?
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TYPES OF CONFLICT IN THE
ORGANIZATION
1. Leader and worker2. Among leaders3. Among workers3. Among workers4. Between worker and client 5. Between organization and client6. The third party 7. Between law and process8. Between process and objectives
Conflict resolution:� Avoidance: powerful party, unimportant issues.
� Deforsing: calm down, compromising behaviour.
� Containment: discuss issues, equal power.
� Confrontation: tactic (Clarify Issues)� Confrontation: tactic (Clarify Issues)
� Lose-lose approach: both party lose.
� Win-loss approach: one gain, other loss, bitter and revengeful.
� Win-win approach: focus on goal rather that person
46R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
5 ways to manage conflict
� Avoidance
� Competition (A)
� Accommodation (B)
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� Accommodation (B)
� Compromise (C)
� Collaboration (D)
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Conflict Continuum
I win, you lose (competition—A)
I lose or give in (accommodate—B)
We both get something
(compromise—C)
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(compromise—C)
We both “win”(collaborate—D)
A B C D
R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
Tips for Managing Workplace
Conflict
� Build good relationships before conflict occurs
� Do not let small problems
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� Do not let small problems escalate; deal with them as they arise
� Respect differences
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� Listen to others’ perspectives on the conflict situation
� Acknowledge about feelings before focussing on facts
� Focus on solving problems, not changing peoplechanging people
� If you can’t resolve the problem, turn to someone who can help
� Remember to adapt your style to the situation and persons involved
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Role of Leader:� Risk taker
� Influencer
� Change agent
� Good communicator
� Mentor
� Critical thinker
� Good listener
� Forecaster
� Energizer
� Visionary
� Problem solver and
� Role model. 51R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS
�Nothing is more dangerous
than an idea when it’s the
only one you have.
– Emile
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Thank YouThank You
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