1 development and implementation of a sustainable gis at the west/rhode riverkeeper organization...
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Development and Implementation of a Development and Implementation of a Sustainable GIS at theSustainable GIS at the
West/Rhode Riverkeeper OrganizationWest/Rhode Riverkeeper Organization
Timothy LovePenn State University & West / Rhode Riverkeeper
Chris TrumbauerWest / Rhode Riverkeeper
Charles Andy ColePenn State University Department of Landscape Architecture
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ProjectMotivation
• September 23, 2008: 40,000 Fish Killed in a creek within the West/Rhode Watershed of the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland
NOTA
RAREOCCURRENCE.
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ProjectMotivation
Courtesy CBF Courtesy CBF
Chesapeake Bay Water Quality: 2008
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ProjectMotivation
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ProjectObjectives
• Develop and implement a core, sustainable GIS within the West/Rhode Riverkeeper Organization (WRR) of the Waterkeeper Alliance.
• Enhance the value of WRR’s water quality analyses using tools designed for non-GIS experts.
• Promote adoptable geospatial techniques for similar watershed organizations.
• Focus on a core set of parameters to be used by WRR to provide value-added Report Card type analyses.
• Create sharable spatial information for public and non-profit organizations as well as other scientific agencies
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West & Rhode Riversof The Chesapeake Bay
Rhode
West
Washington
Baltimore
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• WRR Mission
– Protect families and communities by stopping pollution
– Strive for healthy and safe rivers and streams
– Work together with communities to enforce environmental law, promote restoration, and advocate for better environmental policy.
– Monitor water quality data and provide analyses
• Staff– 1 FTE– 3 PTE– 10’s of Volunteers
The West / RhodeRiverkeeper
Courtesy Kent Roberts
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WR Water QualityMonitoring Locations
• Map shows routine observation sites from all organizations within the WR Watershed
• Includes tidal and non-tidal stations
• This information is shared between all partners
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WRR Water QualityMonitoring
• Volunteer-based water sampling
• Observations physically measured by hand-held instrumentation
• 30 active monitoring sites
• Most sites accessible from water only; some by land
• Station realignment part of project objective
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WRR Water QualityMonitoring
Courtesy YSI
• Standardization of observations is critical
• Considerations:
• Instrument calibration
• Volunteer training
• Sampling location
• Repeatability
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• Lack of spatial maps for analyses
• Difficult to read tabular data
• Text data difficult to use for other purposes
• Point data insufficient for entire audience: Not Spatially Continuous
• Minimal experience with GIS software & techniques
Historical WRRWater Quality Products
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• Planning of all aspects
• Inventory of data and data users
• Database creation and maintenance
• Scripting & Automation for all routine processes
• Interpolation of vector water quality parameters
• Cartography & symbology implementations
• Documentation and Metadata creation
• Training of WRR staff and partner organizations
GIS ActivitiesConducted Within this Project
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ProjectProjectComponentsComponents
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• Roughly 25% of project timeline devoted to planning– ~3 months– ~275 hours
ProjectPlanning
• Used an iterative approach
• Engaged in frequent consultations with stakeholders
• Assumed volunteer-based resource availability
• Investigated existing capabilities & information
• Designed an approach to satisfy multiple customers
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• Considerations were mutually dependent
• Factors considered:– Cost, initial and ongoing; Funding options– Functionality – Availability of support: technical & troubleshooting– Compatibility with existing infrastructure– Existing user knowledge
• Determination:• ArcGIS Desktop; Windows Laptop PC
Analysis & ProcurementSoftware / Hardware
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• Sources:– WRR– Smithsonian Environmental Research Center– George Mason University (GMU)– Chesapeake Bay Program– MD Department of Natural Resources
• Parameters– Dissolved oxygen, Water clarity, Bacteria, Salinity,
Water temperature, pH– Near-real time & historical records– Data formats
DataInventory
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• All current and prospective users of WR water quality data:– Government decision makers– WRR– Partner Riverkeepers– SERC, DNR, USGS, NOAA– Volunteers– Researchers– The Public: Residents, Boaters, Fishermen,
Swimmers, Beachgoers
Data UserInventory
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• Approx 1350 lines of optimized code• Download & import raw WQ data• Add to map & join to master file• Perform quality control• Define projection and system• Perform IDW interpolation• Integrate with Geodatabase• Apply symbologies• Create static graphics for web• Populate ArcMap templates
VBArcObjectsScripting
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GeodatabaseConsiderations
• Goal: Focus on storage of the core set of parameters and incorporate critical pre-existing spatial base layers
• Based on user requirements, uses Personal Geodatabase
• Fields, attributes defined to minimize disk space
• Geodatabase placed on laptop PC and archived via external hard drive
• Geodatabase works seamlessly with other project subtasks (data conversion, interpolations, archival)
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• Goals– Determine the most appropriate
methodologies for estimations of core parameters
– Develop a tool to allow WRR users to quickly create interpolations
– Provide input to location of monitoring stations
• Determinations– IDW using a constant 3 input points provides
a continuously accurate interpolation– A single method did indeed produce
reasonable results for all parameters– Usage of barrier lines was problematic
InterpolationAutomation
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• A set of templates used by WRR staff for their primary GIS activities/analyses– User friendly, easy to learn– Solid and concise, rather than elaborate and unmanageable
• Thoughtful symbologicaldefinitions for all layers
• Tools created within this project reside here
• Linked to Geodatabase
Operational SoftwareTemplate
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• George Mason University Systems Engineering group developed a plan to increase usability of water quality monitoring program. Their goals:
– Increased accuracy of parameter measurements
– Reduced data transmission latency
– Optimal placement of monitoring station locations
• My goal was to ensure that their project effectively incorporated GIS aspects of WRR
• Ensured that this project incorporated their results
GMU TeamInteraction
Courtesy GMU
Courtesy GMU
Courtesy YSI
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GMU TeamInteraction
ManyRedundancies
CriticalNew
Locations
Old SiteLocations
ProposedLocations
MissingRegions
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• Report Card summarizes the state of water quality in the WR Watershed Rivers
• To provide value-added spatial analyses and graphical products
• A primary deliverable of this project
• WQ products yielded the basic format for the automated graphic tool
Inputs to 2008 WRRReport Card
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Final Products
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• Goal: Provide sufficient documentation for WRR personnel to understand, run, and maintain all project deliverables
• Introduce / familiarize basic GIS concepts to WRR & Riverkeepers
• Provide relevant Metadata for each spatial field– FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
(CSDGM), Vers. 2
• Produced documentation in multiple formats:– PowerPoint; Digital Documents; XML; Hardcopy; Oral
Presentations
Documentation
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• Goals include sustainability and collaboration
• Based on accompanying documentation
• Focused on hands-on spatial applications and GIS basic theory
• Primarily 1-on-1 and small group sessions
• Target audience is WRR organization, partner Riverkeepers, and other Bay organizations
• To be held September 2009 for 10 Riverkeeper and partner organizations
Training
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Fish Kill:Algae Bloom
• Algae bloom appears on surface due to excessive nutrients in water, then falls to bottom of river
• Algae begins decomposing and consumes oxygen in process
• O2 approaches minimum threshold for fish survival
• Nighttime processes further reduce O2 levels
• Fish cannot survive
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Fish KillRevisited
• Imagery clearly depicted reduced dissolved oxygen levels in area of fish kill
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• W/R Riverkeeper:– http://www.westrhoderiverkeeper.org/
• Penn State Geography Department:– http://www.geog.psu.edu/
• George Mason University Systems Engineering:– http://www.seor.gmu.edu/
• Chesapeake Bay Foundation:– http://www.cbf.org/
• Waterkeeper Alliance:– http://www.waterkeeper.org
Links
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• West / Rhode Riverkeeper
• Penn State Dept. of Landscape Architecture
• Penn State Dept. of Geography
• George Mason University
• DNR, SERC, USGS, NOAA
Thanks!
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QuestionsQuestions&&
Comments?Comments?