Maris Stella High School Name: ____________________ Secondary Two Biology Class (Index No): ______ ( ) Date: _________________

The main source of __________

Made of carbon, hydrogen &

oxygen

The main carbohydrates are:

- Starch: Bread, rice, pasta, _________

- ________: Apples, chocolates

Excess carbohydrates are

converted into _____ for storage

Topic 1:

Digestion Diet: The _____ & _____ we consume everyday Nutrients: The substances in our diet that keep us

healthy.

3 main types of nutrients

We eat in order to: - Go: Provide ______ for work, movement and to maintain body functions - Grow: To _______ new cells and tissues and to _______worn out cells - Glow: To maintain __________

Proteins

Fats

Main substance used for the

growth and repair of cells

Compounds of carbon,

hydrogen, oxygen & ________

Some contain ____________

Foods rich in proteins: Fish,

_______, eggs, milk, cheese,

__________

Important source of ________

Gives ________ the amount of

energy as carbohydrates

Compounds of carbon, hydrogen

and oxygen

Usually solids

A fat that is a liquid at room

temperature is known as an ___

Food: Milk, cheese, nuts

Why do we eat?

S8122624Eenergy

S8122624E

S8122624E

Enzymes are a type of proteins.

Enzymes alter the rate of the _________ _______ in our body without being changed and are _______ in action.

Digestive enzymes speed up the process of __________.

Digestion: The _____________ of large molecules of food into small diffusible molecules

Digestion Small molecules

(Starch)

Protein ___________ _______ Polypeptides (Peptones)

Fats Fatty Acids & Glycerol

What are enzymes?

TheThe

DigDigestive estive SystemSystem

Consists of a long tube known as the alimentary canal, with organs joined to the canal.

_________: Cut and grind food into smaller pieces

________: Mucus softens the food ________: Mixes food with saliva and rolls food

Mouth 1

This is a narrow muscular tube.

Food moves along the

oesophagus by muscular

contractions (_____________)

Amylase continues to break down

starch into maltose

2

This is a bag-like region

with gastric glands that

produce ______ and

__________.

Acid: Kills ________ &

parasites

Enzymes: __________

which break down

proteins into

_________

Food leaving the stomach

is a semi-liquid.

3

This region is approximately

6 m long!

Digestive enzymes are

secreted by the _________ & ___________ _________

The small molecules of

digested food can be

__________ into the

bloodstream

4 What is occurring in the small intestine:

Absorption of Food: Small food molecules (eg. glucose & amino acids)

can pass through the intestine walls and

_________ ____ _________________.

The blood carries the food to all parts of the body.

Villi: Finger-like parts They provide a _______ __________ _______ for

absorption of food.

The ________ of the small intestine increases surface area.

4

Absorption of water and mineral salts

Undigested material

become a semi-solid

waste

________ move to the rectum

5

Faeces stored temporarily in the

rectum

Passed out of the

body through the

________

6