11

Dr. Jen-Pin CHENDr. Jen-Pin CHEN Deputy Director GeneralDeputy Director General

Agriculture and Food AgencyAgriculture and Food AgencyCouncil of AgricultureCouncil of Agriculture

Chinese Taipei

August, 2013August, 2013

Public Sector’s Best Practices Sharing

－ Policy Aspect Public-Private Cooperation and Formul

ating Policy

22

Contents

outline of Agriculture

Brief of Rice Industry

Public-Private Partnership in the Rice Supply Chain

Food Losses & Improvement Measures in the Rice Supply Chain

Conclusion

33

Consumption population: 23millionConsumption population: 23millionSize : 3,618,995 ha (2012)Size : 3,618,995 ha (2012)

plain region (27.12%)plain region (27.12%) hilly region (27.11hilly region (27.11%)%) mountain region (45.77%)mountain region (45.77%)

Cultivated Land Area Cultivated Land Area ：： 802,876 ha(22%)802,876 ha(22%) paddy field: 399,432 hapaddy field: 399,432 ha upland field: 403,444 haupland field: 403,444 ha

Average size of farms is about 1 ha (2011).Average size of farms is about 1 ha (2011).Farm families (777,473 households) accounts Farm families (777,473 households) accounts

for 9.69% of total families (2011).for 9.69% of total families (2011).Climate: Tropical & subtropicalClimate: Tropical & subtropical

Outline of Agriculture

44

production area: 254 thousand haproduction area: 254 thousand haPublic rice: 30% of 1,348 thousand ton (brown rice)Public rice: 30% of 1,348 thousand ton (brown rice)Public warehouse: 302 units Public warehouse: 302 units

95% in the room temperature warehouses95% in the room temperature warehouses 5% in cold storage5% in cold storage

Private warehouse 1,045 units registeredPrivate warehouse 1,045 units registered 66% in the room temperature warehouses66% in the room temperature warehouses 34% in cold storage34% in cold storage

Storage in paddy type, not brown/pre-milled typeStorage in paddy type, not brown/pre-milled typeLosses (waste) is 1% of production in 2011Losses (waste) is 1% of production in 2011

Brief of Rice IndustryBrief of Rice Industry

prec

ipita

tion

(m

m)

Avg. monthly rainfall variation

Month

Tra

nspl

ant

Har

vest

2nd crop (37%)

Har

vest

Transplant

Brief of Rice IndustryBrief of Rice Industry

Rice calendarRice calendar

1st crop (63%)

Rice Production in 2011

Area 10,907 ha

% 4.3Area 8,329 ha

% 3.3

Area 10,301 ha

% 4.1

Area 27,686 ha

% 10.9

Area 45,625 ha

% 17.9

Area 42,131 ha

% 16.6

Area 32,481 ha

% 12.8

Area 21,806 ha

% 8.6

Area 4,696 ha

% 1.8

Area 676 ha

% 0.3

Area 9,458 ha

% 3.7

Area 16,429 ha

% 6.5

Area 4,859 ha

% 1.9

Area 12,354 ha

% 4.9

Area 6,555 ha

% 2.6

Area 254,292 ha

Production 1,347,767 MT (brown rice)

Value 33.8 billion (NTD$)

Brief of Rice IndustryBrief of Rice IndustryUnits : 1,000M.T. Brown rice In 2011Units : 1,000M.T. Brown rice In 2011

Processing Meal

DomesticProduction

Import Export Change in stock

1,347.8 131.7 19.2 142.8

Rice Domestic Supply

Feed Seed Processing Waste Meal (gross)

2.7 11.8 36.6 12.6 1,182.3

Disposal of Domestic Supply

Township/

District

County/ City

COA

Public-Private Partnership in the Rice Supply Chain

Pub

lic s

ecto

r Farmer’s association

Priv

ate

sect

or

Farmers

Collector

Miller

information

investment

improvement

Partnership

Question &problem

Solution &

better

Losses in the Rice Supply Chain

HarvestNatural disaster Typhoon, Torrential rain, Cold weather, Blast disease

Storage

Logistic

Harmful creatures

Handling

9

Phase Factors cause losses

1010

Losses in the Rice Supply Chain

Harvest phase

10

YearCrops loss

(A)

Paddy damaged loss

(B)

B/A

(%)

Paddy production Value (C)

B/C

(%)

2008 12.56 2.62 20.83 31.36 8.34

2009 10.89 1.07 9.82 33.78 3.17

2010 8.07 0.54 6.68 30.36 1.78

2011 3.15 0.18 5.82 38.15 0.48

2012 5.55 0.45 8.10 39.75 1.13

Unit: N.T.$ Billion

1111

Improvement Measures and practices

Harvest phase

Problem 1: Can’t complete harvest in timeProvide information of harvesters on internet for farmers to employ while disaster upcoming

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Improvement Measures and practices

Harvest phase

Problem 2: Shortage of drying capacity

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•temp- tank/silotemp- tank/silo

1st1st

•dryerdryer

2nd2nd

Improvement Measures and practices

Harvest phase

Problem 2: Shortage of drying capacity Practice 1: Two-stage drying

1414

Improvement Measures and practices

Harvest phase

Problem 2: Shortage of drying capacity•Practice 2: Allocate and transport fresh/wet paddy to elsewhere the dryer capacity is available

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RED: Drying Capacity shortage > 100,000 MT

YELLOW: Drying Capacity shortage < 100,000 MT

GREEN ： Capacity over supply

Improvement Measures and practices

Harvest phase

Problem 2: Shortage of drying capacity

Practice 3: Build regional dryer center & related facilities in needed regions

1616

Year Year Farmer’s assoFarmer’s associationciation（（ UniUni

tt））

Dryer capacityDryer capacity

(ton)(ton)Cold storage Cold storage

temp- tank (ton) temp- tank (ton)

Drying capacity inDrying capacity increase estimatecrease estimate（（ ton/yearton/year））

20082008 1414 280280 4,1004,100 11,20011,200

20092009 1616 502502 2,4002,400 20,08020,080

20102010 2121 649649 2,2002,200 25,96025,960

20112011 1616 972972 2,3002,300 38,88038,880

20122012 3636 2,5332,533 9,1009,100 101,320101,320

Note :Drying capacity increase yearly estimate Drying capacity increase yearly estimate = dryer daily load × 20 average workdays/crop × 2 crops/year

Public-Private Partnership performance on dryer center investment

1717

Improvement Measures and practices

Storage phase

Temp

Hum

idity (%)

Temperature(0C)

Rice weevil (a) growing

Lesser grain (b) borer growing

(a) procreation

(b) procreation

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Losses in the Rice Supply Chain

Storage phase

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Lesser grain borer Rice weevil Angoumois grain moth

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Improvement Measures and practices

1. Chemical control

Storage phase

Fumigation Approved Pesticide

2020

Improvement Measures and practices

2. Physical control

Storage phase

Lamplight trap-killer Anti-pest net

2121

Improvement Measures and practices

Storage phase

Storage month

Pest N

umber / P

addy per kg

Covered net

Uncovered net

2222

Improvement Measures and practices

3.Public rice storage environment evaluation

Storage phase

Evaluation item: facility, security, neatness of environment

2323

Improvement Measures and practices

4. Cold storage

Storage phase

Plan to build more cold storage silos

Air conditioned warehouse

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Improvement Measures and practices

Logistic phase

High handling loss in small package (50kg)

2525

Improvement Measures and practices

Logistic phase

Less handling loss in bulk bag

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Improvement Measures and practices

Logistic phase

Less handling loss in bulk

2727

Automation of input-output operation to reduce handling losses

Keep rice from touching ground to ensure food hygiene and safety

In-out flow chart

Improvement Measures and practices

Logistic phase

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conclusion

Typhoon and torrential rain still heavily threat rice production, however by means of public-private cooperation all rice could be dried totally in time after harvest this year.

Target to hold rice loss below 1%, need more efforts on storage and logistic to achieve the goal.

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Thank You for your attention