1

FACTORS &

MULTIPLES

2

ARRANGEMENT OF STARS

Take 6 stars and arrange

them in different

ways

3

1 Row × 6 Stars/Row = 6 Stars

4

3 Rows × 2 Stars per row = 6 stars

5

2 Rows × 3 stars per row = 6 stars

6

6 Rows × 1 Star/Row = 6 Stars

7

As we can see, 6 can be written as product of two numbers in many ways: 6 = 1 × 6

6 = 2 × 3

6 = 3 × 2

6 = 6 × 1

1, 2, 3 and 6 are exact divisors of 6

8

ARRANGEMENT OF FOOTBALLS

Take 8 footballs and arrange

them in different

ways

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Arrangement of 8 in different ways

1 Row × 8 Balls/Row = 8 Balls

10

2 Rows × 4 Balls / Row = 8 Balls

11

4 Rows ×

2 Balls / Row =

8 Balls

12

8 Rows × 1 Ball / Row =

8 Balls

13

1, 2, 4 and 8 are exact divisors of 8.

14

7 divides 28 exactly and gives Quotient 4 and

Remainder 0.

28 ÷ 7 = 4

15

4 divides 28 exactly and gives Quotient 7 and

Remainder 0.

28 ÷ 4 = 7

16

28 divides 28 exactly and gives Quotient 1 and Remainder 0.

28 ÷ 28 = 1

17

28 ÷ 1 = 28

28 ÷ 4 = 7

28 ÷ 7 = 4

28 ÷ 28= 1

1

4

7

28

FACTORS OF 28

18

16 ÷ 1 = 16

16 ÷ 2 = 8

16 ÷ 4 = 4

16 ÷ 8 = 2

16 ÷ 16 = 1

1

2

4

8

16

FACTORS OF 16

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FACTOR

A factor of a number is an exact

divisor of that number i.e. the factor

leaves remainder 0 when it divides

the number.

20

4 × 5 = 20

4 and 5 are factors of 20. We can also say that 20 is multiple of 4 and 5.

In 2 × 12 = 24,

2 and 12 are factors of 24.

24 is the multiple of 2 and 12.

So, a number is a multiple of its factors.

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Multiples of 2 = 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24…

Multiples of 3 = 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36,…

Multiples of 15 = 15,30,4,60,75,90,105,120,135,……

The number of multiples of a given number is infinite.

22

FACTORS OF SOME NUMBERS

8 = 1,2,4,8

16 = 1,2,4,8,16

25 = 1,5,25

23

4 × 5 = 20

Factors Multiple

24

POINTS TO REMEMBER

• 1 is a factor of every number.

• Every factor of a number is an exact divisor of that number.

• Every factor is less than or equal to the given number.

• Number of factors of a given number are finite.

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• Every multiple of a number is greater than or equal to that number.

• The number of multiples of a given number is infinite.

• Every number is a multiple of itself.

POINTS TO REMEMBER contd