1. In your own words, write a definition 1. In your own words, write a definition for each of the following terms: for each of the following terms: cell cell cycle cycle and and cytokinesiscytokinesis..

The cell cycle is the process where a cell grows, copies itself and divides into two new cells.

Cytokinesis is the part of the cell cycle where the cell divides into two new cells.

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2. Eukaryotic cells... 2. Eukaryotic cells...

A. Do not divide.B. Undergo binary fission.C. Undergo mitosis.D. Have cell walls.

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3. Why is it important for chromosomes 3. Why is it important for chromosomes to be copied before cell division?to be copied before cell division?

If chromosomes weren’t copied then the new cells would not be a copy of the original parent cell.

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4. How are binary fission and mitosis 4. How are binary fission and mitosis similar? How do they differ?similar? How do they differ?

Both binary fission and mitosis are how new cells are made.

They are different because binary fission is cell division in prokaryotes (bacteria) and mitosis occurs in the more complex eukaryotic cells.

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4. Describe mitosis.4. Describe mitosis.

During prophase, the nuclear membrane dissolves and the DNA condenses into chromosomes.

During metaphase, the homologous chromosomes pair up at the middle or equator of the cell.

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4. Describe mitosis.4. Describe mitosis.

During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move to separate sides of the cell.

During telophase, nuclear membranes forma around each group of chromosomes.

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5. Math Skills: Cell A takes 6h to 5. Math Skills: Cell A takes 6h to complete mitosis. Cell B takes 8h to complete mitosis. Cell B takes 8h to complete mitosis. After 24h, how many complete mitosis. After 24h, how many more copies of Cell A are there than Cell more copies of Cell A are there than Cell B?B?

Cell A will make 24h/6h = 4 copies in 24h

Cell B will make 24h/8h = 3 copies in 24h

This means that there will be one more copy of Cell A than Cell B in 24h.

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6. Predicting Consequences: What 6. Predicting Consequences: What would happen if cytokinesis occurred would happen if cytokinesis occurred without mitosis?without mitosis?

Each of the cells created would not be a copy of the original cell. Each cell would only have half as much DNA as the original cell.

Cells would die.

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7. Applying concepts: How does mitosis 7. Applying concepts: How does mitosis ensure that a new cell is just like its ensure that a new cell is just like its parent cell?parent cell?

The DNA of the parent cell is copied during mitosis to make sure that each of the new daughter cells is identical to the parent cell.

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8. Making Comparisons: Compare the 8. Making Comparisons: Compare the process that animal cells and plant cells process that animal cells and plant cells use to make new cells. How are the use to make new cells. How are the processes different?processes different?

The process that plant cells and animal cells use to make new cells is nearly identical. The only difference is that during cytokinesis, plant cells make a cell plate that becomes a cell wall. Animal cells do not do this!

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