1 industrialization samuel bassetto – w04/2007 management lessons
TRANSCRIPT
1
Industrialization
Samuel Bassetto – W04/2007
Management lessons
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Foreword
Industrial Point of view
3
Production system architecture
Design management
Industrial development strategy
Operational management & logistics
Industrialization
RexRex
Product/process integration
Supply chain definition
Foreword
Industrial Point of view
4
A Product production lifecycle
Product production
Foreword
Industrial Point of view
Product design
Product industrialization
Production dismantelment
5
ForewordC
ust
omer
s
Req
uir
emen
ts
Cu
stomer
Satisfaction
Offer creation process
Internalservices
Strategical vision process
Offer building process
HR
ISystem
Financial
Ressources
Extract from norm AFNOR X50-176
Change and continuous improvement process
Industrial Point of view
6
Offer creation process
Offer building process
Industrialization
Problems, methods and tools for mastering this transfert
Foreword
Industrial Point of view
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Foreword, Small survey (1/2) – about french lessons… (1/2)
Lessons about industrialization
UTC –> more focused on quality
Produit-process
Télécom
Industrialization engineer is in charge of definition and optimization of the product manufacturing plan so as achieving cost, cycle time, quantity and quality objectives.
Academic Point of view
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Foreword, Small survey – about employment… (2/2)
• Turbo méca SERAP
Coordinate, master non conformities, project leader,
methodologic support, be the quality referent…
Industrial project, industrial assessment, process
definition, supply chain definition, coordination
W52-06Cadremploi : 19636 Jobs& 228 for ‘industrialisation’Industrialization has a real impact as key word.
Ressources POV
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Foreword A multi competences man !
• Being able to dialog with several partners: Control risks, @ the interface of production, process, planification, supply chain, quality marketing (for demand analysis).
• Required to know how to manage a project, design an organization and drive it
• Personal behavior : manage the complexity, be the interface man !
Ressources
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Foreword, a multiple scope domain
• Several views about industrialization
New product ramp-up
Project management
Quality management
Supply chain management
Logistic Mgt
Information system
Management
Facilities layout
Environment Mgt
Cycle time Mgt
Risk Mgt Eco.Industrialization
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Outline – WOQIE
What is industrialization ?
Organization and industrialization
Quality and industrialization
Information systems and industrialization
Engineering for industrializationRisk management :
the red line of
this presentation
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What is industrialization ?
• The massive deployment with same caracteristics.
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What is industrialization ?
• The massive deployment with same caracteristics.
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What is industrialization ?
• Some numbers in metallurgy industries:– The COREX process (Kohl Reduction)
• Laboratory researches : 1977-1981• Pilot plant: 1981 – 1986 (5-> 10T/h but not continuous
process)• Prototype pilot plant: 1987 – 1999 (2000t/day)• 1995 -2001: 6 plant (Korea, South africa, India)• C3000 plant for bulgaria
1 process – full test and deployment: 24 years & 10 plants !
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What is industrialization ?
• Some numbers in service organisation:– A law is adopted : each person can benefit
of the RMI (french accronym for Minimal Social Income)
• Grow up from 0 to 17000 peoples in a dep. 79 ~ peoples to help per working day (217d/y in France)
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What is industrialization ?
• Some numbers in cinematography industry:– 1 Best seller film: ~15M€ -’part vite reviens tard’
• 3MP see it in 3 Months • Mean projection room size : 300seats 3334 rooms
associated to this film to achieve this goal and produce :• CA = ~21M€• η = 40% of benefits in 3 months
How to pass from 0 to 3334 rooms, attract and manage 3MP ?
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What is industrialization ?
• Some numbers in semiconductor industries:– A new technology each 2 years. – 1 technology cost ~ 1b$– 1 technology involve ~500 engineers in
project mode– Production window: from only 2y up to 5 years.– Yield of the first silicon: less than 50%– Reach a stable prod @ a scrap rate : 2% + yield
@ 75%– Decrease wafer from 10k$ to 0,5k$
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What is industrialization ?
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What is industrialization ?
industrialization
Production size
Launch, 1 year
Maturation 1 year
Production, 2 years
Stop, 3 years
Time
YieldProduction volume max
100 %
Stakes
Launch Maturation Production Transfert and stop
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Some curves in semiconductor industries
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What is industrialization ?
• In electrical industry:– One new product generation– 2 years of development (Engineering)– 30 Development engineers– Ramp-up after prototype tests.
Cf lessons provided by schneider …
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What is industrialization ?
Some characteristics:
• A massive deployment
• A project from design to full production
Some questions:
• A process ? (processus in french)
• A Workflow ?
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What is industrialization ?
Litterature review:
• French authors:– Auroy, processus d’industrialisation– Dal Pont, l’entreprise industrielle(techniques de l’ingénieur)
• International contributors: – Terwiesch & al : International product tranfert and production
ramp up: a case study from data storage industry(R&D Management)– Lieven, Demeester, Mei Qi, Managing learning ressources
for consecutive product generations(Int. Journal of Production Economics)
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What is industrialization ?
Our definition, in this lesson:
Industrialization is the transfert process from the offer design business process to the offer realisation business process
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Cu
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Req
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Satisfaction
Offer creation process
Internalservices
Strategical vision process
Offer building process
HR
ISystem
Financial
Ressources
Extract from norm AFNOR X50-176
Change and continuous improvement process
Offer creation process
Offer building process
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
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What is industrialization ?
A particular process:– In chemical industries:
– In metallurgical industries:(1) Assess the issue of the innovation versus existing process(2) Define and validate the process on small scale.(3) Select technologies(4) Monitor industrial pilot with integrated steps(5) Monitor process on a demonstration unit(6) Install and adjust the target production facility
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Offer creation process
Offer building process
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
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What is industrialization ?
A particular process:– In automotive suppliers industry:
• P4: Concept• P3: Prototype• P2: Process Plan - proto• P1: Industrial Developement• Production – P0
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Offer creation process
Offer building process
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
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What is industrialization ?
A particular process:– In automotive suppliers industry:
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Offer creation process
Offer building process
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
P3
P2
P1
P0
Development of« products and standard generic designs »
Realization of« customer specific applications»
Production...
« Technical investigation »About a predefined theme.
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What is industrialization ?
• Semiconductor industries
Blank wafers Mask production
Front-End Manufacturing:
• Integrated circuit
• Intermediate tests
Back-End Manufacturing :
• Assembly
• Final tests
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Offer creation process
Offer building process
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
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What is industrialization ?
Volume production – Productio
transfert
Prototypes & risked production
Process plan frozen
Progressive stop
Our intervention area
Preliminary analysis
Launch Maturation Production Stop
Technology life cycle
Development Validation Qualification
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–In semiconductor industries:
Tests - DOE
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• Other possibles designations for maturation stage: – Project inition– Feasability studies– Preliminary projects– Base engineering
• Maturation industrialization
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What is industrialization ?
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What is industrialization ?
• The path from the stabilised idea, product detail design to its mass production.
• Several stakes:– Cost– Quality– Cycle time manuf
& delivery– Environment– Ethics
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What is industrialization ?
• Management principle:– Drive with the final, operational dash board
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ECycle time, Delivery Quality, non conformities…
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What is industrialization ?
• Management principle:– Achieve targets, changing mentality and behavior
at least toward the product by ramping the production up.
– A systematic approach declined for each indicator:• Cycle time: attacking each pocket of wasted time during
the production.• Quality: their is no more place for raw quality, non quality• Cost: each island of spending has to be reduce• Environment: No ecological fingerprint is allowable• Ethic: Each behavior must be in line with organization
ethical principle.
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Risk management :
the red line of
this presentation
What is industrialization ?
• Management principle:– Manage risks, each failure mode producing the
non achievement of each goal.– The CARAS method:
• Collect.• Analyse off line. • manage Risks.• Analyse on Line. • Synthetis.
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What is industrialization ?
• Management principle:– Adopt a breaktrhough method: PDCA /
DMAICS
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Abb. 1 Kroll, © Heinz-Werner Engel, Brüssel
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Outline – WOQIE
What is industrialization ?
Organization and industrialization
Quality and industrialization
Information systems and industrialization
Engineering for industrialization Risk management :
the red line of
this presentation
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Organization & industrialization
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One leader Group dedicated for the maturation (sometime reduced
@ leader) Project organization
Launch Maturation Production Stop
Technology n life cycle
Organization realistic
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• Structure of the engineering staff in project mode– A project leader– A product leader– An industrialization group
• Main scope: get the process more robust for achieving operational goals (time, cycle time, quality)
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Organization & industrialization
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Leader recognized person in the orga (charismatic?), transversal function
Groupe member; able to follow methods, like to work in group, positive action in the group
Launch Maturation Production Stop
Technology n life cycle
Member profile
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• Members skills:– Product– Process– Quality (DOC +Control & measurement )– Reliability– Supply chain– Risk management– Cost
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Organization & industrialization
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Transfert sustained by the organization Poor tooling
Shuffle information sharing !
Launch Maturation Production Stop
Launch Maturation Production Stop
Technology n life cycle
Launch Maturation Production Stop
Technology n+2 life cycle
Launch Maturation ProductionPossible organization :
Technology n+1 life cycle
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Organization & industrialization
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Launch Maturation Production Stop
Launch Maturation Production Stop
Technology n life cycle
Launch Maturation Production Stop
Technology n+2 life cycle
Launch Maturation Production
Possible organization: essaim in the organization, the industrialization group
Technology n+1 life cycle
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• Organizational learning– Main question: how organize the fine
tuning of process/product/ressources so as achieving quickly operational goals.
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Organization & industrialization
© Christian Terwiesch
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• Feedback organization: how to reuse event (positive and negative ones) to improve p-p-r)
For negative events– Preliminary Risk Analysis– Bad Event data collection– Risk reevaluation– Action management driven by risk analysis
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Organization & industrialization
• Knowledge update
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UpdateFAB IN PROCESS
FAB EVENTS : * CHANGES* CORRECTIVE ACTIONS REQUEST* Process Control Issue
Risk analysis
Action plan
Control Plan
Risk documents
-FMEA-udate
Applies on
control
Information on risks
Reading sens
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Risk management processes audit (1/3)
Organization & industrialization
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Risk management processes audit (2/3)
Organization & industrialization
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Risk management processes audit (3/3)
Organization & industrialization
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• Audit Conclusions:• 5 procedures of risks managment held by 5 different
organizationsIntegration, quality, production, engineering, maintenance
• 5 structrures based on the same model: Collect/Record the risk, Manage the risk investigate, synthesis
• All these procedures are isolated from each others insterad of being linked !
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• Experts are thinking that
Extract from the Preliminary analysis of a tool
1 occurrence MAX par an !
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Organization and Industrialization
• Facts Underline an other reality for the « Wafer aligner » element
3 occurrences over 13 weeks 12 per year: If FMEA have been updated RPN ranking
grow up from 10 to 25
‘OCC’ will pass from 2 to 5
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Organization & industrialization
• Knowledge update
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UpdateFAB IN PROCESS
FAB EVENTS : * CHANGES* CORRECTIVE ACTIONS REQUEST* Process Control Issue
Risk analysis
Action plan
Control Plan
Risk documents
-FMEA-udate
Applies on
control
Information on risks
Reading sens
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• Feedback organization: how to reuse event (positive and negative ones) to improve p-p-r)
For positive events– Preliminary best practice analysis– Good news data collection– Analysis & best practice update– Practice Update => trims software – chk lst
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• Trims exampleW
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• Trims exampleW
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• Trims exampleW
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• Trims exampleW
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• Change Management organization– Each change must be systematically
analysed– Validation group– One member sign for one operational goal– Risk analysis for the change
– Objective : decrease the number of changes
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• Change Management organization– @ least : a check list
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31 Quality32 Cost33 Cycle Time34 Environment35 Other (safety, facilities)
41Can the change be or induce a failure mode ofthe object ?
42Can the change be or induce a failure causeof the object ?
43Can the change modify the detection ofobject's risks ?
44For each of these points evaluate risksranking with {Q,Ct,C,E} grids
What are risks linked andinduced by the change ? /evaluation through the look at :
Description of the concernedobject
Description of the change
How will the change modifycurrents object's risks and theirranking ?
(before / after analysis)4
1
2
3
Obj
Risks
Obj
Risks before
Obj
Risksafter
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• Change Management organizationW
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What are risks linked and induced by the change ? / evaluation through the look at :
3) Put new risks induced by the change. Evaluate risks for at least :Quality, Cycle time, Cost, Environment.
0
Current Controls Detection =
What can detect the failure mode or effect
?
DET
RPN
Actual risk
Item/Function
(Potential) Failure Mode =
Way the function goes wrong
(Potential) Effects of Failure =
Impact of malfunction
SEV
(Potential Cause) Mechanism of Failure =
Root cause
OCC
Type (quality, cycle time, cost, environemental,
…)
Current Controls Prevention =
What prevent the root cause to occur ?
Risks
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• Change Management organizationW
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What are risks linked and induced by the change ? / evaluation through the look at :
4) If a risk analysis exists, please, put a copy in this form and put the mention "Before"
5) For each of these line, evaluate risks after the change will occurs and put the mention "After"
Evaluate risks for at least : 41 Can the change be or induce a failure mode of the object ?
Quality, Cycle time, Cost, Environment. 42 Can the change be or induce a failure cause of the object ?43 Can the change modify the detection of object's risks ?44 For each of these points evaluate risks ranking with {Q,Ct,C,E} grids
0
0
Actual risk
Before or after change
?
Type (quality, cycle time, cost, environemental,
…)
Item/Function
(Potential) Failure Mode =
Way the function goes wrong
(Potential) Effects of Failure =
Impact of malfunction
(Potential Cause) Mechanism of Failure =
Root cause
OCC
DET
RPN
Current Controls Prevention =What prevent the root cause
to occur ?
Current Controls Detection = What can detect the failure
mode or effect ?
SEV
Obj
Risks before
Obj
Risksafter
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• Change Management organizationW
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SEV
OCC
DET
RPN
Responsible & Target
Completion Date
Forcasted Risk actions
Actions taken& Effective Date
Recommended Actions (Action
complete ?)
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• Operation management;– Drive with final dashboard – Cpk !
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• Operation management;– Drive with final dashboard – OOC !
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FAB OOC PERCENTAGE
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
W12 W13 W14 W15 W16 W17 W18 W19 W20 W21 W22 W23 W24 W25 W26 W27 W28 W29
Total
Action
plantarge
t
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TIME LINE• On a daily basis
– Exploitation Meeting– Production meeting– Non conformity management– Operational goal analysis & review
• On a weekly basis– Non conformity management– Scrap management – review and analysis– Customer claim review and analysis– Change management review– Operational goal review (more synthetic) – OOC, CT– Industrialization project review (in technical group)
• On a monthly basis - Management– Operational Goal monthly agregated – Cpk, CT, SCRAP…– Industrialization process status
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Outline – WOQIE
What is industrialization ?
Organization and industrialization
Quality and industrialization
Information systems and industrialization
Engineering for industrialization Risk management :
the red line of
this presentation
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The control system - a complex system
Control system
Product
ToolsManufactu
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Several aspects of the control
Control system
Production control exist Non connected tools
Indicator manageme
nt
Change management
Investigations
Automation and measures
Statistical Control
Risks analysis
Product
ToolsManufactu
ring process
Status :
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Control system
Indicator manageme
nt
Change management
Investigations
Automation and measures
Statistical Control
Risks analysis
Product
ToolsManufactu
ring process
Complex interactions
Links not mastered Links control done project after projects
Status :
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What we know
• To have a control by expertise poles• To structure and monitor the life cycle of a technology• To control the technology transfer with the organization• To be Reactive
Improvement ways
• To have a big picture of interactions• Support:
– interactions – Process control evolutions– Transfert master from a technology to another
• Be Proactive
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• Specification limits & configuration– 1 technology T => several products, A, B– 1 specification set for 1 technology T– Several product configurations => Cpk
Degradation, need to update specs @ each configuration
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• Specification limits & configurationW
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Same specifications than T however
specific distributions A & B
Cp = 1,33
Cpk = 1,24
Cp = 4
Cpk = 0,78
Cp = 9
Cpk = -0,74
Config A
Config B
Techno T
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• Specification limits & regular reviewW
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Same specifications during industrialization, no regular review:
No prevention of drift, better understanding the process but no prevention of drifts
Cp = 1,33
Cpk = 1,24
FL: First lot Milestone 2 Milestone 3 Milestone 4
Cpk = 2 Cpk = 6 Cpk = 10,56
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• Specification limits & regular reviewW
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• ∞ failure modes number :• Failure modes come from a preliminary risk analysis
(PRA)
This is the Production point of view
Actual risk
Potential Cause/ Mechanism of Failure
OCC
N°
Item/Function Potential Failure Mode Potential Effects of
Failure Recommended Actions
Current Controls Prevention
Current Controls Detection
DET
RPN
SEV
CLASS
Risk actions
Prod operation
Thickness too low
Yield loss Equipment drift
2 SPC, PT Parameter
PM
FDC on tool
6
All steps Defectivity
Residues and/or particles affecting via or line continuity--> Yield loss
6 RF 4Bi-weekly monitoring
In-line defectivity after every CMP level (line continuityES25 inspection after M2 CMP (via continuity)
4 96
All steps Defectivity
Residues and/or particles affecting via or line continuity--> Yield loss
6 Temperature 2Bi-weekly monitoring
In-line defectivity after every CMP level (line continuityES25 inspection after M2 CMP (via continuity)
4 48
All steps UnderetchVia resistance OOSYield loss
6 C
Metalic contamination due to gasket corrosion 4 None 8 192
1/ Gasket wo Nickel2/ APC implemented
All steps UnderetchVia resistance OOSYield loss
6
Metalic contamination due to gasket corrosion 2
Gasket without Nickel
1/ Gasket wo Nickel2/ APC implemented 6 72
FDC to be implemented on lot
FMEAFMEA
Quality & industrialization
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• Control main issue
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Expression in the risk template : for SPC approach
• For 1 item function : 3 associated failure modes :– Variable too low
– Variable too high
– Variable gradien (temporal or surfacic) Toward an AUTOMATIC RISK ANALYSIS UPDATE
This is the Designer point of view
Actual risk
Potential Cause/ Mechanism of Failure
OCC
N°
Item/Function Potential Failure Mode Potential Effects of
Failure Recommended Actions
Current Controls Prevention
Current Controls Detection
DET
RPN
SEV
CLASS
Risk actions
PT Variable to control
OOC Product impact, increase scrap rate
7 Tbd ?
Cpk V
alue
TBD PT 6
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Main issue for linking risks and manufacturing ctrl plan
Analysis is not performed Link does not exist between product FMEA and product control plan Customers get quality parameters and poduct risks analysis and can
challenge on that point
SEV
OCC
DET
RPN
Actual risk
Potential Cause/ Mechanism of Failure
OCC
N°
Item/Function Potential Failure Mode Potential Effects of
Failure Recommended Actions
Responsible & Target
Completion Date
Forcasted
Current Controls Prevention
Current Controls Detection
DET
RPN
SEV
CLASS
Risk actions
Prod operation Thickness too low
Yield loss Equipment drift
2 SPC, PT Parameter
PM
FDC on tool
16 12
SEV
OCC
DET
RPN
Actual risk
Potential Cause/ Mechanism of Failure
OCC
N°
Item/Function Potential Failure Mode Potential Effects of
Failure Recommended Actions
Responsible & Target
Completion Date
Forcasted
Current Controls Prevention
Current Controls Detection
DET
RPN
SEV
CLASS
Risk actions
PT Variable to control
OOC Product impact, increase scrap rate
7 Tbd ?
Cpk V
alue
TBD PT 6
Are our control plan coherent toward customers needs ?
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Main issue for linking risks and manufacturing ctrl planW
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• What is f ?
Process
Measured Inputs: I
(Prod operation)
Measured Outputs: O
(Product parameters)
Measured Internal Variables: V
(control parameters)O = f(I,V)
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• Control limits– In the ramp up phase, contradiction with
configurations management and control sets
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• Design of experiment– Need to employ Design of experiment to
define :• Key characteristics• Set points
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• Sampling plan– Sampling size by lot (number of lot
between 2 measures)– Sampling size within a lot (number of
product measures in a lot)– Sampling size for a measurement on a
product (number of measures on a product)
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• Non conform production & customer claim control– At least set an organization:
• to record• to analyze• to perform action plan
– Sometimes add also the• Action control
?? PDCA ?? Improvement way ?
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• A systematic resolution problem methodEg : 8D– 1D: Define the team– 2D: Describe the problem– 3D: Secure the « customer » – 4D: Find Root causes (5 why + Bibliography)– 5D: List possibles actions– 6D: Choose actions– 7D: Perform Actions and control it– 8D: Close, share knowledge and thank the group
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• Configuration management, diversity and quality
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• Management rules:– Be in a paranoïac mode !– Implement CARAS-A
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Outline – WOQIE
What is industrialization ?
Organization and industrialization
Quality and industrialization
Information systems and industrialization
Engineering for industrialization Risk management :
the red line of
this presentation
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• Several level of information management:– Non conformities– Customer reclaim– Scrap management– Manufacturing process plan– Operational recipes– Change requests & orders– Problem solving methods
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• Information pattern for non conformities management
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Non conformity detection
•Product number
•Lot number
•Date
•Operator
•Tool involved / Workshop / Area
•Description
•Category
•Type
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• Information pattern for Scrap management
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•Product number
•Lot number
•Date of scrap
•Operator - engineer
•Tool involved / Workshop / Area
•Description
•Category
89
• From non conformity to scrap a product state…
W
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Information system & industrialization
Non conform productEvent
(tool break down, detection, OOS…)
Minor faultMajor fault
Analysis
Scrap
Customer agreement
Production release
END
no
yes
90
• Information pattern for Customer claimsW
O
Q
I
E
Information system & industrialization
1st AnalysisClaims recording
Action Plan Analysis
Financial feedback
Customer report
Agreement END
91
• Automatic management of manufacturing process plan Manufacturing Execution System
W
O
Q
I
E
Information system & industrialization
92
• MES:W
O
Q
I
E
Information system & industrialization
93
• Automatic management of operation recipes
W
O
Q
I
E
Information system & industrialization
Without Recipe
management
Automatic recipe
loading, based on a local setting and storage
1) recipe for validation
2) Local modification without control
3) Loading of an uncontrolled recipe
94
• Automatic management of operation recipes
W
O
Q
I
E
Information system & industrialization
300Works BrookAutom
ation
WorkStream…
Automatic recipe
loading, based on a
remote setting and
storage1) recipe for validation
2) Local modification without control
3) Loading of an remote controlled recipe
4) Local mode for tests only !!!!
95
• Automatic management of operation recipes
W
O
Q
I
E
Information system & industrialization
Any remote change need a validation
cycle !!
96
Outline – WOQIE
What is industrialization ?
Organization and industrialization
Quality and industrialization
Information systems and industrialization
Engineering for industrializationRisk management :
the red line of
this presentation
W
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97
• No normalized approach• Several practices, linked @ engineering
societies (SETEC, SAMES, BTP societes…) – 3, 4, 5 phases…
• Several actors :– Prime Contractor / , Suppliers, Process
Licence
W
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The engineering project
98
• Main milestones:– Supplier choice in an international context– Financial investment: THE DO decision– Project financial control– Project review
• Main issues for you:– Coordinates contractors– Perform contract
W
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The engineering project
99
• Definitions:– Basic Engineering for a plant project is the
information set about process and project planning so that an senior prime contractor can detail and drive the project until the first run of the production unit.
W
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The engineering project
100
• At the end of the Basic Engineering stage: 1 document• Possible Structure /
– Introduction• Goals of the document• Langage and standard units• Contractuel boundaries
– Main work• Process description and particular operation conditions• Operatory conditions• Building sketch• List of process equipments• Piping, water, air, energy• Facilities layout• Control, regulation, electricity• Civil engineering drawing & plan• Operatory manual• Security sketch• Environmental sketch
W
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The engineering project
101
– Basic Engineering
• Milestone : Decision of investment ! -> no way to get back again
– Detailled Engineering• Complete study and final implantation
W
O
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I
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The engineering project
102
– A process in the chemical industry:W
O
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I
E
The engineering project
Process block diagram
Process functional block diagram
103
– A process in the chemical industry:W
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Process functional block diagram
Functional Process Specifications
104
– A process in the chemical industry:W
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Process functional block diagram
Process Time based diagram
105
– Process detailled designW
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Start from Basic
engineering doc
106
– Process detailled designW
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Detail each process
measures, control and
flow
107
– Process detailled designW
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Detailled design for each part
108
– Detailled implementation design and plansW
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Facility layout
2D implementatio
n plans
109
– Detailled implementation design and plansW
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Isometric Piping
Isometric view of
the installati
on
110
– Risks analysis MUST be done jointly with the process development
W
O
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I
E
The engineering project
111
• A possible time lineW
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Process licence
MOA
MOE
Eqt Supplier
Assembly
Exploit.
Full Built OutAssembly & 1st run
Detailed Engineering
Basic engineering
prime contractor=MOE
Contracting Owner =MOA
112
• Our point of view:– Schematic design– Basic engineering– Detail Engineering– Full Built Out– Tests & plant project closure
W
O
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I
E
The engineering project
113
• A possible project plant site organisation:W
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Contracting owner
PrimeContractor
Project Manager
Project Manager
Plant site
Quality
Planning
Process Eng.
Spe. Studies
Design
Logistic
Suppliers
Site
Process
Cost
Site.
Quality
Security
Logistic
Planing
114
• Contract types:W
O
Q
I
E
The engineering project
Responsability of contracting
owner
Responsabilityh of the Prime Contractor
Fixed
price
contract
Joined
developmentPeople
@
disposition
Project case
115
• Enterprise collaboration– Horizontal: integration between project
manager and contracting owner (Join Venture, Economic Cluster (GIE in French…)
– Vertical: integration with a process owner
W
O
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I
E
The engineering project
116
• Industrialization : From work preparation and a two stage learning
program
• A facility installation program– Preparation of work – Off line learning (R&D, Engineering training…)
• A learning environment to create– On line learning (Operational Goals risks prevention &
mitigation)
• Multi point of view issues
S
U
M
M
A
R
Y
Thank you for the audienceOffer creation process
Offer building process
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
I ndustrialization
Problems, methods and tools for masteringthis transfert
117
B
O
N
U
S
BONUS
118
Outline – WOQIE
What is industrialization ?
Organization and industrialization
Quality and industrialization
Information systems and industrialization
Engineering for industrialization
Learning curves Risk management :
the red line of
this presentation
W
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I
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L
119
Learning Curves
• When new productions are set up:– Bad first lots– Production time decrease with time (sooner or
later) through a learning process– Learning curves captures this wishdom in roughly
following equation:
W
O
Q
I
E
L
Nttn 1
ti = time to produce the nth lot
N: number of cumulated product
Alpha: process specific parameter
120
Learning Curves
• Main issues:– Define learning speed– Predict learning shape– Find influent factors
W
O
Q
I
E
L
121
Learning Curves
• Several scenarios for quality managment:
W
O
Q
I
E
L
WIP
NC
t
volu
me
WIP
NC
t
volu
me
WIP
NC
t
volu
me
WIP
NC
tvolu
me
Case 1Case 2
Case 3 Case 4
122
Learning Curves
• A more realistic scenario:W
O
Q
I
E
L
WIP
NC
t
volu
me
Case 6
People empowerme
nt
NC management
system Continuous improvement
groupe
Huge scrap
Decrease of
workload
123
Learning Curves
• Litterature review:– An old, but still active research way:
• 1st study in 1930’s in the airframe industry:T.P. Wright, Factors affecting the cost of airplanes, Journal of the Aeronautical
Sciences 3 (1936) 122–128.• 5 general categories:
– Learning curves researches– Function-based learning studies– Analytical learning theories– Learning microstructures qstudies– Organizational learning theory
David M. Upton (a), Bowon Kim (b) Alternative methods of learning and process improvement in Manufacturing Journal of Operations Management 16 (1998) 1-20
a Harvard Business School, Soldiers Field, Boston, MA 02163, USAb Grad. School of Mgmt., Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,
Seoul 130-012, Korea
W
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L
124
Learning Curves
• Stakes in an international competition:– Need to learn faster than competitors– Stakholders go to the more profitable in a short
term period !– Customers preferences goes to the cheaper, faster
and best in quality !
Eg. NXP stakholders strategy… compete with TSMC & CR2 Alliance => TSMC is best in class => joint venture with it.
W
O
Q
I
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L
125
Outline – WOQIE
What is industrialization ?
Organization and industrialization
Quality and industrialization
Information systems and industrialization
Engineering for industrialization
Learning curves
Layouts
Risk management :
the red line of
this presentation
W
O
Q
I
E
L
126
4 majors layout issues
• Facilities location• Facility layout (department placement)• Department (workshop) layout• Office layout
W
O
Q
I
E
L
L
127
4 majors layout issues
• Facilities locationW
O
Q
I
E
L
L
Which is the best position for maximizing 'incomes' – delivery, service... ?
128
4 majors layout issues
• Facility layoutW
O
Q
I
E
L
L
KE F J
D
C LG I M
HO N
BQ P
A R S T U
p il ie r
zone de p rob lèm e
129
4 majors layout issues
• Department layout:– Facilities pattern (U-shape, O-shape Job
shop, Flow shop)
W
O
Q
I
E
L
L
M agasin L ivra isons
Z one d 'essa is R écep t ion
C om m + L iv
S tock p rodu its f in is
L igne A v ions p lanneurs
R ebus
L igne U F O
Z one de pause
L igne H é licop tè res
sens des tou rnées M A D C
130
4 majors layout issues
• Department layout:– Facilities pattern (U-shape, O-shape Job
shop, Flow shop)
W
O
Q
I
E
L
L
Z one d 'essa is R écep t ion M agas in L ivra isons R ebusC om m + L iv S tock s p rodu its
f in is
A ssem b lage A graphageP liage 1 P liage 3
P liage 2 P liage 4Z one de pause
P e in tu re C o llage / S co tch B ancs de test
Z one des ou t i ls
E m p lacem en t K A N B A N
sens des tou rnées M A D C
131
4 majors layout issues
• Workoffice layoutW
O
Q
I
E
L
L
132
Outline – WOQIE
What is industrialization ?
Organization and industrialization
Quality and industrialization
Information systems and industrialization
Engineering for industrialization
Learning curves
Layouts
Supply Chain design
Risk management :
the red line of
this presentation
W
O
Q
I
E
L
S
133
Supply chain design
• Supply chain designW
O
Q
I
E
L
L
suppliers
manufacture stock custome
r
contracting supplier / Location / intermediate & final stocks/ transport mode (frequency, quantity, ways,...)