Dr Nisha Arora

Getting started with R

Contents

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Download & Install R

Download & install R Studio

Install Packages in R/ R Studio

Set or change working directory

Get help in R

Import & Export data sets

Shortcuts & Tips

References & Resources

Why R?

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ALGORITHM

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Word used by programmers when they do

not want to explain what they did !

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The only programming JOKE, I know is

my code.

Just like that

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To download & install R

https://cran.r-project.org/

Operating system

Sub-directory: base

install R for the first time.

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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To download & install R

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R GUI

R studio

Includes a console, editor, as well as tools for plotting, history,

debugging and workspace management

R Commander

Enables analysts to access a selection of commonly-used R commands

using a simple interface

Rattle

A data mining toolkit which was designed to analyze large data sets

Deducer

Designed to be a easy to use alternative to proprietary data analysis

software such as SPSS and Minitab

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Download & install R Studio

Open the URL: www.rstudio.com

Click on “Download Rstudio” button.

Click on "Download RStudio Desktop”.

Click on the version recommended for your system, or the

latest

Windows version, and save the executable file.

Run the .exe file and follow the installation instructions.

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R packages

Base packages

Which come with R automatically

Contributed packages

Which must be downloaded for installation

To find the list of default base packages loaded at start-up

getOption("defaultPackages")

"datasets" "utils" "grDevices" "graphics" "stats" "methods"

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To install packages in R

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To install packages in R Studio

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To install packages in R Studio

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To install packages in R Studio

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To install packages in R Studio

# To see all packages installed

library()

#To see packages currently loaded

search()

#To install a package ‘caret’

install.packages(“caret”, dependencies=TRUE)

#To load a package ‘caret’

library(caret)

#To discover the contents of library package ‘caret’

library(help=caret)

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Working Directory

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Working Directory

# To check the current working directory

getwd()

# To set a new working directory

setwd("D:\\NISHA\\R Coursera\\R_programming")

Note: use '\\' or '/' in the path of directory

# The shortcut (to get/change the current working directory)

"ctr+shift+h“

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To get help in R

Click on the 'Help' menu.

If you want help on a specific command you can enter a search

directly from the keyboard: help(keyword), e.g., help(mean)

A shortcut is to type: ?keyword

If you are not sure of the command you can try the following:

apropos("part.word"), e.g., apropos(wd); apropos(“mean")

To invoke a built-in help browser, you can type: help.start()

Data Sets

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#To see the list of available data sets in R

data()

#To load an available data sets in R

data(name_of_dataset)

#For example;

data(airquality)

Data Sets

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Import Data Sets

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#To import Text data file in R

myTEXTdata = read.table("mydata.txt“, header = TRUE)

Make sure to set your working directory

Import Data Sets

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#To import CSV data file in R

myCSVdata <- read.table("c:/mydata.csv", header=TRUE,

sep=",", row.names="id")

# note the / instead of \ on Windows systems

Or myCSVdata = read.csv("mydata.csv")

Import Data Sets

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#To import Excel data file in R

# read in the first worksheet from the workbook myexcel.xlsx

# first row contains variable names

library(xlsx)

mydata <- read.xlsx("c:/myexcel.xlsx", 1)

# read in the worksheet named mysheet

mydata <- read.xlsx("c:/myexcel.xlsx", sheetName = "mysheet")

Import Data Sets

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#To import Excel data file in R

# read in the first worksheet from the workbook myexcel.xlsx

# first row contains variable names

library(readxl)

mydata <- read_excel("c:/myexcel.xlsx", sheet =1)

# read in the worksheet named mysheet

mydata <- read_excel("c:/myexcel.xlsx", sheet = "mysheet")

Import Data Sets

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To import SPSS data file in R

library(foreign); mySPSSdata <- read.spss("Housing Pricing

Data.sav“)

If SPSS dataset is in trasport format

library(Hmisc); mySPSSdata <- spss.get("c:/mydata.por",

use.value.labels=TRUE)

Import Data Sets

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#To import SAS data file in R

install.packages("sas7bdat"); library(sas7bdat)

mySASdata <- read.sas7bdat("d1.sas7bdat")

If SAS dataset is in trasport format

library(Hmisc); mySASdata <- sasxport.get("c:/mydata.xpt")

# character variables are converted to R factors

Import Data Sets

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#To import STATA data file in R

install.packages(“foreign")

library(foreign)

mySTATAdata <- read.dta("D://Learning//Learn

R//R_programming data and codes//sales.dta")

Data Sets

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Export Data Sets

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#To export R data file to a tab delimited text file

write.table(mydata, "c:/mydata.txt", sep="\t")

Export Data Sets

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#To export R data file CSV format

write.csv(MyData, file = "MyData.csv")

write.table(MyData, file = "MyData.csv",row.names=FALSE,

na="",col.names=FALSE, sep=",")

Export Data Sets

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#To export R data file to an Excel spreadsheet

library(xlsx)

write.xlsx(mydata, "c:/mydata.xlsx")

Export Data Sets

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To export R data file to SPSS

# write out text data file and an SPSS program to read it

library(foreign)

write.foreign(mydata, “D:/mydata.txt",

D:/mydata.sps", package="SPSS")

Export Data Sets

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#To export R data file to SAS

# write out text datafile and an SAS program to read it

library(foreign)

write.foreign(mydata, "c:/mydata.txt",

"c:/mydata.sas", package="SAS")

Export Data Sets

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#To export R data file to STATA

# export data frame to Stata binary format

library(foreign)

write.dta(mydata, "c:/mydata.dta")

Helpful Tips

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#To see the list of key board shortcuts

alt + shift + k

#To save a file

ctr + s

#To run selected piece of code

ctr + r

Short-cuts

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Edit -> Folding:

Collapse — Alt+L

Expand — Shift+Alt+L

Collapse All — Alt+O

Expand All — Shift+Alt+O

Code:

Insert Section — Ctrl+Shift+R

(Cmd+Shift+R on the Mac)

Jump To — Shift+Alt+J

Short-cuts

https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200711853-Keyboard-

Shortcuts

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Description Windows & Linux Mac

Goto File/Function Ctrl+. Ctrl+.

Move cursor to Source Editor Ctrl+1 Ctrl+1

New document (except on

Chrome/Windows) Ctrl+Shift+N Command+Shift+N

New document (Chrome only) Ctrl+Alt+Shift+N Command+Shift+Alt+N

Open document Ctrl+O Command+O

Save active document Ctrl+S Command+S

Close active document (except

on Chrome) Ctrl+W Command+W

Goto File/Function Ctrl+. Ctrl+.

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Get your hands dirty

R & R Studio

Install & Load Packages

Arithmetic in R

Numbers in R (NAN & NA)

Import data to R

Export data from R

Descriptive Statistics

Basic Plots

References

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• Crowley, M. J. (2007). The R Book. Chichester, New

England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

• An Introduction to R by W. N. Venables, D. M. Smith

and the R Core Team

• R in a Nutshell by Joseph Adler: O’Reilly

• Teetor, P. (2011). R cookbook. Sebastopol, CA:

O’Reilly Media Inc.

References

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http://www.r-bloggers.com/

http://www.inside-r.org/blogs

https://blog.rstudio.org/

http://www.statmethods.net/

http://stats.stackexchange.com

https://www.researchgate.net

https://www.quora.com

https://github.com

References

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https://rpubs.com/

https://www.datacamp.com/

https://www.dataquest.io/

https://www.codeschool.com/

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Reach Out to Me

http://stats.stackexchange.com/users/79100/learner

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nisha_Arora2/contributions

https://www.quora.com/profile/Nisha-Arora-9

nishaarora4@gmail.com

Thank You