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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Earthquake Engineering Dept. of Civil Engg, UVCE Page 11 1.5.2 The Seismic Coefficient Method This is the simplest of the available methods and is applicable to structures, which are simple, symmetric, and regular. In this method, the seismic load is idealized as a system of equivalent static loads, which is applied to the structure and an elastic analysis is performed to ensure that the stresses are within allowable limits. The sum of the equivalent static loads is proportional to the total weight of the structure and the constant of proportionality, known as the seismic coefficient, is taken as the product of various factors, which influence the design and are specified in the codes. Typically, the design horizontal seismic coefficient A h is given by A h = ∗ ----- (1.1) Where, Z = Zone factor I = Importance factor R = Response reduction factor Sa/g = Response acceleration co-efficient The total horizontal load, also known as the base shear is then taken as, Vb = Ah x W ----- (1.2) Where, W is the total weight of the structure (Dead Load) The base shear calculated above is then distributed along the height of the building using the formula, Qi = Vbx Wihi2 / ∑Wihi2 ----- (1.3) Where, Qi is the lateral force at the top of floor i, Wi is the total of dead and appropriate amount of live load at the top of floor i, hi is the height measured from the base of the building to the top of floor i. The seismic coefficient method gives conservative results but has the advantage of being simple and easy to use. It ignores the effect of higher modes and cannot accommodate irregularities in the structure. It is used for checking against moderate earthquakes since the

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Page 1: 1 Introduction

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

Earthquake Engineering Dept. of Civil Engg, UVCE Page 11

1.5.2 The Seismic Coefficient Method

This is the simplest of the available methods and is applicable to structures, which are

simple, symmetric, and regular. In this method, the seismic load is idealized as a system of

equivalent static loads, which is applied to the structure and an elastic analysis is performed

to ensure that the stresses are within allowable limits. The sum of the equivalent static loads

is proportional to the total weight of the structure and the constant of proportionality, known

as the seismic coefficient, is taken as the product of various factors, which influence the

design and are specified in the codes. Typically, the design horizontal seismic coefficient Ah

is given by

Ah = ��

��∗��

� ----- (1.1)

Where, Z = Zone factor

I = Importance factor

R = Response reduction factor

Sa/g = Response acceleration co-efficient

The total horizontal load, also known as the base shear is then taken as,

Vb = Ah x W ----- (1.2)

Where, W is the total weight of the structure (Dead Load)

The base shear calculated above is then distributed along the height of the building using the

formula, Qi = Vbx Wihi2 / ∑Wihi2 ----- (1.3)

Where, Qi is the lateral force at the top of floor i,

Wi is the total of dead and appropriate amount of live load at the top of floor i,

hi is the height measured from the base of the building to the top of floor i.

The seismic coefficient method gives conservative results but has the advantage of being

simple and easy to use. It ignores the effect of higher modes and cannot accommodate

irregularities in the structure. It is used for checking against moderate earthquakes since the

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