1 introduction - rtega.be · planation for many actions of the mouth ... mnemonics direction east...

1 IntroductionKanji are ordered by frequency. This file uses information from several sources.

1.1 CCDictMeanings are extracted from CCDict: http://www.chinalanguage.com/dictionaries/

1.2 Unihan DatabaseMeanings and Chinese pronounciations come from the Unihan Database: http://www.unicode.org/charts/unihan.html

1.3 MnemonicsThe mnemonics have been developped by Reinaert Albrecht. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Mnemonics that have RS. in front of them derive from Chinese Etymology (http://www.chineseetymology.org) by Richard Searsand are used with kind permission.

Mnemonics that have lit. in front of them derive from Shuowen Jiezi (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi).

1.4 Commons:Stroke Order ProjectStroke order diagrams have been developped at the Stroke Order Project (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Stroke_Order_Project).This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

1.5 VietUnicode fontThe information section uses the Han Nom fonts (http://sourceforge.net/projects/vietunicode/files/hannom/hannom

..的的的Meaning possessive, adjectival suffix, mark, target, objectPinYin deMnemonics • somebody who clearly白 has his arms wrapped勺

around something possesses it; he has it’s place clearlymarked in his mind

的　　　　　　　　　　

..一一一 A:弌Meaning one, a, an, alonePinYin yīMnemonics • one thing一 ; ancient form弌

一　　　　　　　　　　

..是是是Meaning indeed, yes, right, to be, demonstrative pronoun, this,

thatPinYin shìMnemonics • a just person𤴓 doing things in broad daylight日

是　　　　　　　　　　

..不不不Meaning no, not; un-; negative prefixPinYin bùMnemonics • person spreading arms in objection →不

• lit. bird flying under the sky 一 and not comingdown →不

不　　　　　　　　　　

..了了了Meaning finish, particle of completed actionPinYin leMnemonics • baby子 without supporting arm一 : a life coming

to fruition, one doesn’t need to be supported anymore

了　　　　　　　　　　

..在在在Meaning exist, be at, in, on; consist in, restPinYin zàiMnemonics • something pierced through 才 stays at the same

place土 : →在

在　　　　　　　　　　

..人人人 A:亻𠂉𠂊Meaning man, people, mankind, someone else, rad. 9PinYin rénMnemonics • person standing wide legged →人

人　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 1 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..有有有Meaning have, own, possess, existPinYin yǒuMnemonics • hand𠂇 holding something for months月 or hand

𠂇 holding something close to the body ⺼ : onepossesses it

有　　　　　　　　　　

..我我我Meaning our, us, i, me, my, wePinYin wǒMnemonics • hand手 holding a spear戈 (and a hanging banner

𠄒 ): he can defend his own people

我　　　　　　　　　　

..他他他Meaning other, another, he, she, itPinYin tāMnemonics • a full grown person亻 can’t live in the womb也 ;

he亻 or she也

他　　　　　　　　　　

..这这這 S:这Meaning this, these, crawl, trailPinYin zhèMnemonics • when travelling⻌ (crawling along the trail) one sees

something (culture文 ) along the way and talks言about it

这　　　　　　　　　　

..个个個 S:个Meaning numerary adjunct, piece, single, individualPinYin gèMnemonics • single person亻 with individual stories固

• /person | having his own roof𠆢

个　　　　　　　　　　

..们们們 S:们Meaning adjunct pronoun indicate pluralPinYin menMnemonics • many men亻 waiting at the gate門

们　　　　　　　　　　

..中中中Meaning central, center, middle, in the midst of, hit (target),

attain, ChinaPinYin zhōngMnemonics • something | right in the middle of something else口

; China once was the middle of the world

中　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 2 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..来来来 A:來Meaning come, coming, return, returningPinYin láiMnemonics • modf. 來 →来

来　　　　　　　　　　

..上上上 A:丄𠄞Meaning above, up, top, superior, highest, go up, send upPinYin shàngMnemonics • something above the ground 一 : 𠄞 → stake |

standing above the ground丄 →上

上　　　　　　　　　　

..大大大 A:尢亣Meaning big, great, vast, large, high,PinYin dàMnemonics • a man人 spreading his arms一 wide to take some-

thing big; al. 尢 : 旡 ; →亣

大　　　　　　　　　　

..和和和Meaning harmony, peace, peaceful, calmPinYin héMnemonics • countryside: where one can eat口 one’s rice禾 in

peace and harmony

和　　　　　　　　　　

..国国國 S:国Meaning nation, country, nation-statePinYin guóMnemonics • people wielding spears戈 with big mouths口 pro-

tecting their one一 king and borderline囗• /a country holds it’s precious玉 treasures within it’sborders囗

国　　　　　　　　　　

..说说説 S:说 A:說Meaning speak, say, talk, scold, explanation, rumorPinYin shuōMnemonics • money兑 speaks 言 boldest; it is usually the ex-

planation for many actions of the mouth言• many八 brothers兄 defending their family verbally言

说　　　　　　　　　　

..时时時 S:时 A:旹Meaning time, season, era, age, period, hourPinYin shíMnemonics • time日 it takes the temple寺 to do something

• /small寸 part of the day日• al. 旹 : time of the day日 one arrives㞢

Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 3 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

时　　　　　　　　　　

..出出出Meaning go out, send out, stand, producePinYin chūMnemonics • sprout屮 coming out of a receptacle凵

出　　　　　　　　　　

..会会會 S:会Meaning assemble, meet together, meeting, organizationPinYin huìMnemonics • RS. mouth亼 above, mouth曰 below, middle is

mouth曰 with possible rice in it: meeting over food• /gather 亼 under a roof𠆢 to talk云 with eachother云

会　　　　　　　　　　

..你你你Meaning you, second person pronounPinYin nǐMnemonics • a person亻 like you尔

你　　　　　　　　　　

..对对對 S:对Meaning correct, right, facing, opposedPinYin duìMnemonics • the law spoken by the king王 stands业 above all

else, big丷 and small寸• /two hands寸又 correcting something

对　　　　　　　　　　

..生生生 A:𤯓�Meaning life, living, lifetime, birthPinYin shēngMnemonics • branches of a plant or tree →𤯓 being slashed

⼃ off: the branch grows back and if you plant the cutoff part it becomes a new plant

生　　　　　　　　　　

..能能能Meaning to be able, can, permitted to, ability, NohPinYin néngMnemonics • many individual厶 people匕匕⺼ together are

able to do great things; one needs many abilities toperform on stage• RS. A bear with four feet and meat in its mouth:→ → →能

能　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 4 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..子子子 A:㜽Meaning offspring, child, fruit, seed of, 1st terrestrial branchPinYin ziMnemonics • →子

•㜽 : child子 being washed in the river巛

子　　　　　　　　　　

..那那那 A:𨙻Meaning that, those, then (in that case)PinYin nàMnemonics • how can a tender冄 one defeat a fortified city阝

? that is not obvious; see哪

那　　　　　　　　　　

..下下下 A:丅𠄟Meaning under, underneath, below, down, inferior, bring downPinYin xiàMnemonics • something below the ground一 :𠄟→丅→下

下　　　　　　　　　　

..年年年 A:秊Meaning year, new-years, person’s agePinYin niánMnemonics • a tree禾 /生 may live a thousand千 years: 秊

→年

年　　　　　　　　　　

..作作作 A:𢓓Meaning make, work, compose, write, act, performPinYin zuòMnemonics • person亻 watching another person being thrown in

the air乍 : quite an act which is hard work but makesfor a good performance

作　　　　　　　　　　

..里里裡 S:里Meaning reverse side, lining, last half of a baseball inningPinYin lǐMnemonics • the inside of clothes 衤 resembles the patched

clothes of the people in a village里

里　　　　　　　　　　

..家家家 A:豕𠖔𡩅𡧚Meaning house, home, residence, family, specialistPinYin jiāMnemonics • animals豕 are kept at house 宀 so they are not

stolen and cared for by a specialist

家　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 5 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..多多多 A:𡖇Meaning much, many, more than, overPinYin duōMnemonics • if one sees the moon twice夕夕 you have drunk

too much; old variant: 𡖇

多　　　　　　　　　　

..么么麼 S:么Meaning interrogative final particle; insignificant, small, tinyPinYin meMnemonics • if you ask a question, the answers hangs幺 in the

air by a thread麻• tiny things can be hung by threads幺麻• modf. 幺 →么 : one一 tiny individual厶 thing

么　　　　　　　　　　..去去

去Meaning go away, leave, departPinYin qùMnemonics • a man土 leaving secretly厶

去　　　　　　　　　　

..学学学 A:學Meaning learning, knowledge, schoolPinYin xuéMnemonics • a child子 learns� ; also學

学　　　　　　　　　　

..都都都Meaning metropolis, capital, all, the whole, elegant, refinedPinYin dōuMnemonics • all the people者 of the city 阝 elegantly dressed

up

都　　　　　　　　　　

..同同同Meaning same, similar, together withPinYin tóngMnemonics • all𠔼 mouths口 agree on the same thing

同　　　　　　　　　　

..现现現 S:现Meaning appear, manifest, become visiblePinYin xiànMnemonics • the king 王 is seen 見 by everyone in public: a

manifest appearance

现　　　　　　　　　　

..没没没Meaning not, have not, none, drown, sinkPinYin méiMnemonics • killed殳 by water氵 : drown, sink; it’s not fun


没　　　　　　　　　　

..面面面Meaning face, surface, plane, side, dimensionPinYin miànMnemonics • lit.: modf. 𦣻 ; head𦣻 with a mouth口

面　　　　　　　　　　

..起起起 A:𨑔𨑖𨑓𡆡Meaning rise, stand up, go up, beginPinYin qǐMnemonics • done right before walking走 by oneself己

起　　　　　　　　　　

..看看看Meaning look, see, examine, scrutinizePinYin kànMnemonics • RS. hand� shading the eyes目 to see

看　　　　　　　　　　

..天天天 A:夭一Meaning sky, heaven, god, celestialPinYin tiānMnemonics • which is above一 even the biggest man大

天　　　　　　　　　　

..分分分Meaning divide, small unit of time etc.PinYin fēnMnemonics • something cut刀 in equal八 parts; an hour divided

in equal parts

分　　　　　　　　　　

..好好好 A:𨙺𡚽𤫧Meaning good, excellent, fine, well; lovePinYin hǎoMnemonics • a woman女 should have a good relation with her

child子 ; a woman loving her child子

好　　　　　　　　　　

..小小小 A:⺌Meaning small, tiny, insignificantPinYin xiǎoMnemonics • small baby →小

小　　　　　　　　　　

..些些些Meaning little, few, rather, somewhatPinYin xiēMnemonics • a man匕 stops止 walking after only two二 paces


些　　　　　　　　　　

..样样樣 S:样Meaning shape, form, pattern, stylePinYin yàngMnemonics • a sheeps⺷ /羊 hide left to dry on a wooden木

structure for a long time永 has a distinct shape orform

样　　　　　　　　　　

..她她她Meaning she, herPinYin tāMnemonics • definitely也 a woman女

她　　　　　　　　　　

..本本本Meaning root, origin, source, basis, bookPinYin běnMnemonics • lit. at the base一 of the tree木 lie its roots and

its origin; the basis of all knowledge is in books

本　　　　　　　　　　

..前前前 A:𠝣𣦃Meaning in front, forward, precedingPinYin qiánMnemonics • one cuts his food (vegetables 䒑 and meat 月 )

with a knife刂 on the plate in front of him• RS. boat 月 (舟 ) on the water 刂 going 止forward: 𠝣 →前

前　　　　　　　　　　

..开开開 S:开Meaning open, initiate, begin, startPinYin kāiMnemonics • two hands开 pushing open the gate門

开　　　　　　　　　　

..想想想Meaning think, speculate, plan, considerPinYin xiǎngMnemonics • when persons are mutually相 in each others hearts

心 , they think regularly of each other; thinking isrelated相 to the mind心

想　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 8 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..日日日Meaning sun, day, daytime, Japan, rad. 72PinYin rìMnemonics • sun disc →日 ; a day is the time the sun takes

to appear in the same position; daytime is when thesun shines; Japan is located (from China) where thesun comes up; do not confuse with曰 rad. 73• con. light

日　　　　　　　　　　

..机机机Meaning deskPinYin jīMnemonics • lit. wooden木 table几

机　　　　　　　　　　

..十十十Meaning ten, tenth, complete, perfectPinYin shíMnemonics • direction east west一 and direction north south |

refers to everything which is under the four wind direc-tions; perfect in all directions; con.: many, high inten-sity

十　　　　　　　　　　

..工工工 A:𢒄Meaning labor, work, worker, laborerPinYin gōngMnemonics • orig. carved pattern into something𢒄 →工 : a

sign that work has been done

工　　　　　　　　　　

..明明明Meaning bright, light, brilliant, clearPinYin míngMnemonics • the sun日 and the moon月 are the brightest ob-

jects in the sky

明　　　　　　　　　　..三三

三Meaning threePinYin sānMnemonics • three times one一

三　　　　　　　　　　

..关关關 S:关Meaning frontier pass, close, relationPinYin guānMnemonics • passing𢇅 gate門

• gate門 closed with threads𢇅• /place where the sky天 is divided丷 between twocountries

关　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 9 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..点点點 S:点 A:㸃Meaning dot, speck, spot, point, degreePinYin diǎnMnemonics • observing占 black黑 spots点

• /observing占 spots after burning灬 something

点　　　　　　　　　　

..高高高 A:髙Meaning high, tall, lofty, elevatedPinYin gāoMnemonics • high house visible in the open country冂 with one

room口 above another口 and a roof亠 on top

高　　　　　　　　　　

..很很很Meaning very, quite, muchPinYin hěnMnemonics • one covers quite a distance when walking彳 good

艮

很　　　　　　　　　　

..见见見 S:见Meaning see, observe, behold, perceivePinYin jiànMnemonics • the eyes目 of somebody with legs儿 can see

见　　　　　　　　　　

..什什什Meaning file of ten soldiers; mixed, miscellaneousPinYin shénMnemonics • ten十 people亻 , their belongings get mixed up

during the military campaign

什　　　　　　　　　　

..二二二 A:冫Meaning two, twicePinYin èrMnemonics • twice one一

二　　　　　　　　　　

..果果果Meaning fruit, resultPinYin guǒMnemonics • growing on the trees木 or on the fields田 , the

result of hard labor

果　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 10 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..西西西 A:卥卤襾覀Meaning west, western, westward, occident, rad. 146PinYin xiMnemonics • lit.: bird (animal一 with high legs儿 ) sitting on

top of a nest口 : →西 : it is evening, the sunsets in the west• head of a child

西　　　　　　　　　　

..月月月Meaning moon, month, rad. 74PinYin yuèMnemonics • → →月 ; the moon is every month in the

same position; don’t confuse with⺼

月　　　　　　　　　　

..话话話 S:话Meaning speech, talk, language, dialectPinYin huàMnemonics • use your tongue舌 for speaking言

话　　　　　　　　　　

..回回迴 S:回Meaning revolve, rotate, curving, zigzagPinYin huíMnemonics • turning around回 something while walking⻍

回　　　　　　　　　　

..老老老 A:耂Meaning old, aged, experienced, rad. 125PinYin lǎoMnemonics • person eating with spoon匕 (having no teeth) food

he has cut⼃ from the fields土 (therefore his backis bent⼃ )• RS. old man with long hair耂 leaning on a cane匕

老　　　　　　　　　　

..先先先Meaning first, former, previousPinYin xiānMnemonics • person儿 wielding a weapon𠂒 ahead of him:

→先 ; previous encounters have yielded many deaths

先　　　　　　　　　　

..儿儿兒 S:儿Meaning son, child, oneself, final part, rad. 10PinYin érMnemonics • from人 : → →儿 : legs

• a child is small like a seed being grinded into smallerpieces in a mortar臼 and walks on legs儿• if one sees his child, one sees a part of oneself• con.: man


儿　　　　　　　　　　

..东东東 S:东Meaning east, eastern, eastwardPinYin dōngMnemonics • lit.: sun 日 shining through the trees 木 in the

morning: the sun rises in the east• con. early in the morning

东　　　　　　　　　　

..水水水 A:氵⺀氺Meaning water, liquid, lotion, juice, rad. 85PinYin shuǐMnemonics • taken at both sides of the river : 川

水　　　　　　　　　　

..名名名Meaning name, rank, title, positionPinYin míngMnemonics • lit. in the dark夕 one has to use the mouth口 to

identify oneself

名　　　　　　　　　　

..认认認 S:认Meaning recognize, know, understandPinYin rènMnemonics • words言 of understanding touch the heart deeply

忍• /person人 recognising something speaks讠 aboutit

认　　　　　　　　　　

..系系系Meaning system, line, link, connection, lineagePinYin xìMnemonics • hand丿 holding twisted long line糸

系　　　　　　　　　　

..气气氣 S:气Meaning steam, vapor, spirit, rad. 84PinYin qìMnemonics • rising steam or mist →气

• steaming气 freshly cooked rice米• the spirit is floating over the water like steam

气　　　　　　　　　　

..打打打Meaning strike, hit, beat, fight, attackPinYin dǎMnemonics • the hand扌 of a robust man丁 can fight and strike

well


打　　　　　　　　　　

..女女女Meaning woman, girl, feminine, rad. 38PinYin nǚMnemonics • person人 holding a baby: →女

女　　　　　　　　　　

..四四四 A:𦉭亖Meaning fourPinYin sìMnemonics • originally𦉭 →四 , looks like something that is

cut in four pieces• con. a few, small group

四　　　　　　　　　　

..电电電 S:电Meaning electricity, electric, lightningPinYin diànMnemonics • what the rain cloud雨 throws甩 away in excess

electricity; RS. flash of lighting from the rain cloud雨until the ground田

电　　　　　　　　　　

..少少少 A:𣥂Meaning few, less, inadequatePinYin shǎoMnemonics • something small 小 slashed 丿 to make it even

smaller• modf. 𣥂

少　　　　　　　　　　

..太太太Meaning very, too, much, big, extreme, fatPinYin tàiMnemonics • RS. pregnant adult大 bearing a child丶 : a very

big belly

太　　　　　　　　　　

..再再再Meaning again, twice, re-PinYin zàiMnemonics • RS. two fish on a line → →再 : the fisher

catches fish again and again

再　　　　　　　　　　

..做做做Meaning work, make, actPinYin zuòMnemonics • persons亻 hand tapping攵 until it’s worn out古

: it has worked and made a lot in the act

做　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 13 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..期期期 A:𣅆Meaning period of time, date, time limitPinYin qīMnemonics • a basket其 of months月

• a bunch丌 of days日 : 𣅆

期　　　　　　　　　　

..五五五 A:㐅Meaning fivePinYin wǔMnemonics • hand with five fingers →五

• con.: hand

五　　　　　　　　　　

..书书書 S:书Meaning write, book, letter, document, writingsPinYin shūMnemonics • writing with a brush with sufficient light日 /hand

彐 holding a brush |: →书

书　　　　　　　　　　

..听听聽 S:听 A:聴Meaning hear, listen, understand, obeyPinYin tīngMnemonics • ethical𢛳 king王 listening耳 to and understand-

ing his subjects who obey him• /orders口 should be listened to, understood and be”protected”斤 : be obeyed• listening 耳 with ten十 eyes目 and your heart心

听　　　　　　　　　　

..住住住Meaning reside, live at, dwell, lodge, stopPinYin zhùMnemonics • where a man亻 can quietly put down his lamp主

and stay

住　　　　　　　　　　

..北北北Meaning north, northern, northwardPinYin běiMnemonics • two men匕匕 back to back: they have cold and

stand close because the wind comes from the north

北　　　　　　　　　　

..觉觉覺 S:觉Meaning to wake up from sleep; conscious, napPinYin juéMnemonics • learning /� makes one fall asleep, visual見 /见

stimulation makes one wake up


觉　　　　　　　　　　

..师师師 S:师Meaning teacher, master, military specialistPinYin shīMnemonics • irritable individual storing𠂤 his one一 flag巾

carrying his family’s emblem very carefully• /master swordsman carrying his one一 sword刂and his flag巾

师　　　　　　　　　　

..今今今Meaning now, today, modern eraPinYin jīnMnemonics • I’m standing on my right foot亍 holding a person

人 in my arms →今 : I’m not going to do thisfor much longer• lit. people gathering亼 and extending the arm乁to each other: soon they will part again

今　　　　　　　　　　

..院院院Meaning courtyard, yard, court, school, templePinYin yuànMnemonics • place in a building宀 where abundant阝 people

元 may stay完

院　　　　　　　　　　

..识识識 S:识Meaning know, discriminatePinYin shiMnemonics • the master swordsman handles his sword戈 without

saying a word言 nor uttering a sound音• /only只 words讠 allow us to know what othersknow• a person who has gathered戠 a lot of words言knows a lot

识　　　　　　　　　　

..候候候Meaning wait, expect, visit, greet, period, time, seasonPinYin houMnemonics • person亻 fingeringユ an arrow矢 waiting to put

it on his bow |; the time this takes: period

候　　　　　　　　　　

..飞飞飛 S:飞Meaning fly, go quickly, dart, highPinYin fēiMnemonics • flying bird with wings𠃧 : →飛

飞　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 15 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..车车車 S:车 A:𨏖𠦴Meaning cart, vehicle, carry in cartPinYin chēMnemonics • lit. wheel holder →車 ; rikhsa →𨏖 (two

wheels車 and two handles戈 ;𠦴 : cart with twowheels世 ; con. a wheel

车　　　　　　　　　　

..服服服 A:𦨈Meaning clothes, wear, dress, taking medicinePinYin fúMnemonics • wrapped 𠬝 body ⺼ : sick person in need of

medicine

服　　　　　　　　　　

..怎怎怎Meaning what? why? how?PinYin zěnMnemonics • when the mind心 comes across something for the

first time乍 , it wonders what it is

怎　　　　　　　　　　

..呢呢呢Meaning interrogative or emphatic final, (Cant.) this, wool,

woollen clothPinYin neMnemonics • old nun尼 with an inquisitive mouth口 ; she can’t

do anything but knit woolen things

呢　　　　　　　　　　

..叫叫叫Meaning cry, shout, hail, greet, callPinYin jiàoMnemonics • hook丩 in one’s mouth口 : one cries it out in pain

• hooked丩 salute in greeting口 somebody

叫　　　　　　　　　　

..影影影Meaning shadow, image, reflection, photographPinYin yǐngMnemonics • fine (like hair彡 ) shadow景

影　　　　　　　　　　

..字字字 A:𥤪𡥜Meaning letter, character, wordPinYin zìMnemonics • child子 studying characters and words at school宀

; also: 𥤪𡥜

字　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 16 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..爱爱愛 S:爱Meaning love, be fond of, likePinYin àiMnemonics • make one’s heart心 wide冖 open and transfer it

with hands⺤ and feet夂• /a friend友 with wide冖 open hands⺤

爱　　　　　　　　　　

..商商商 A:𠿧𠹧𡅟𠾃𡄚𧶜𡄚Meaning commerce, business, trade, make a deal, sellingPinYin shāngMnemonics • modf. 𠹧 →商 : big man大 /儿 standing立

at the market冂 selling with a loud mouth口

商　　　　　　　　　　

..请请請 S:请Meaning ask, request, invite, pleasePinYin qǐngMnemonics • young people青 ask言 /讠 inquisitively

请　　　　　　　　　　

..火火火 A:灬⺌Meaning fire, flame, burn, anger, ragePinYin huǒMnemonics • flames →火

• coals in a fireplace: 灬⺌• person人 waving with his arms丷 in the air: some-thing is on fire!

火　　　　　　　　　　

..视视視 S:视 A:𥄙眡Meaning look at, inspect, observe, seePinYin shìMnemonics • look見 at the altar礻 /𥘅

• /sinking sun氐 in worship

视　　　　　　　　　　

..九九九Meaning ninePinYin jiǔMnemonics • image of a hand bumping against something :

nine bumps against ten when counting

九　　　　　　　　　　

..写写寫 S:写MeaningPinYin xiěMnemonics • see写

写　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 17 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..八八八 A:丷Meaning eight, all around, all sidesPinYin bāMnemonics • eight can be separated in two: two diverging branches

→八• con.: several, even, divide

八　　　　　　　　　　

..吗吗嗎 S:吗Meaning final interrogative particlePinYin maMnemonics • who looks into the mouth 口 of the horse 馬

shouldn’t expect any answers

吗　　　　　　　　　　

..吃吃吃Meaning eat, drink, suffer, endure, bearPinYin chīMnemonics • person𠂉 putting fished乙 animals in his mouth

口 ; the animal has suffered a lot

吃　　　　　　　　　　

..六六六Meaning sixPinYin liùMnemonics • →六 : eight八 without 2入

六　　　　　　　　　　

..医医醫 S:医Meaning cure, heal, doctor, medicalPinYin yīMnemonics • person storing needles矢 in a box匚 ready for use

and alcohol酉 for treating wounds from weapons殳

医　　　　　　　　　　

..语语語 S:语Meaning language, words, saying, expressionPinYin yǔMnemonics • that which is transferred by words言 spoken by the

mouth or the hand吾

语　　　　　　　　　　

..七七七Meaning sevenPinYin qīMnemonics • con.: several

• do not confuse with𠤎 : 匕• inverted written 7

七　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 18 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..兴兴興 S:兴Meaning thrive, prosper, flourish, risePinYin xìngMnemonics • RS. hands lifting舁 together同 : the group rises,

thrives and is prosperous• /modf. 興 →兴

兴　　　　　　　　　　

..星星星 A:𠻖曐𤽛皨Meaning a star, planet, any point of lightPinYin xīngMnemonics • living生 light like the sun日

• planet born生 from the sun日

星　　　　　　　　　　

..站站站Meaning stand up, a stand, stationPinYin zhànMnemonics • stand立 and occupy占 your place

站　　　　　　　　　　

..京京京Meaning capital cityPinYin jīngMnemonics • city with covered places亠 where small小 talk口

is of great importance

京　　　　　　　　　　

..米米米Meaning hulled or husked uncooked ricePinYin mǐMnemonics • →米 : rice plant木 stalk with many丷 grains

米　　　　　　　　　　

..客客客Meaning guest, traveller, customerPinYin kèMnemonics • person各 staying in your house宀

客　　　　　　　　　　

..友友友Meaning friend, companion, fraternityPinYin youMnemonics • friends joining their hands𠂇又

友　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 19 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..钱钱錢 S:钱 A:銭Meaning money, currency, coinsPinYin qiánMnemonics • a small amount戔 /㦮 of gold or metal金 serves

as currency• metal金 used to pay soldiers戔 /㦮

钱　　　　　　　　　　

..热热熱 S:热Meaning heat, fever, zeal, hot heatedPinYin rèMnemonics • pottery埶 being fired灬 in a kiln

• /hand扌 holding round丸 objects which are putinto the fire灬

热　　　　　　　　　　

..坐坐坐Meaning sit, seat, ride, travel byPinYin zuòMnemonics • persons人人 sitting on the ground土 ; if one

person人 wants to see the other人 he needs to traveland eat a lot of dust土

坐　　　　　　　　　　

..校校校Meaning school, correction, exam, military field officerPinYin xiàoMnemonics • in the wooden木 school building pupils come to-

gether交 to study; the teacher corrects their exams

校　　　　　　　　　　

..脑脑腦 S:脑 A:脳匘Meaning brainPinYin nǎoMnemonics • the brain𡿺 of a man⺼

• /a man⺼ who covers亠 bad凶 ideas and im-proves them uses his brain• modf. 腦 →脳

脑　　　　　　　　　　

..谁谁誰 S:谁Meaning who? whom? whose? anyone?PinYin shuíMnemonics • who’s words言 have we heard, but has fled隹 so

we don’t see him anymore?

谁　　　　　　　　　　

..哪哪哪Meaning how, whichPinYin nǎMnemonics • how can a tender冄 mouth口 defeat a fortified

city阝 ? this那 is not obvious


哪　　　　　　　　　　

..喜喜喜Meaning like, love, enjoy, joyful thingPinYin xǐMnemonics • everyone loves singing口 and making music壴

喜　　　　　　　　　　

..习习習 S:习Meaning practice, flapping wings, learnPinYin xíMnemonics • practice to learn flying with feathers羽 towards the

sun白 /羽 →习

习　　　　　　　　　　

..欢欢歡 S:欢 A:歓Meaning happy, pleased, glad, joy, to enjoyPinYin huanMnemonics • man with open mouth欠 like a noisy bird雚 : he’s

happy and enjoying himself• modf. 歡 →歓• /hand又 which lacks欠 nothing

欢　　　　　　　　　　

..冷冷冷Meaning cold, cool, lonelyPinYin lěngMnemonics • the rule令 of the ice冫

冷　　　　　　　　　　

..汉汉漢 S:汉Meaning the Chinese people, Chinese language, Han ChinesePinYin hànMnemonics • people人 renowned for making pottery and ceramics

in clay堇 with water氵• people living near the Han-river氵 with skilful hands又

汉　　　　　　　　　　

..衣衣衣 A:衤𧘇Meaning clothes, clothing, cover, skinPinYin yīMnemonics • person with spread arms wearing a garment: →

衣• con.: scarecrow on the fields

衣　　　　　　　　　　

..妈妈媽 S:妈Meaning mother, mamaPinYin māMnemonics • a woman女 who acts very fast馬 when her child

is in danger


妈　　　　　　　　　　

..读读讀 S:读Meaning read, study, pronouncePinYin dúMnemonics • selling賣 words言 : same as読

读　　　　　　　　　　

..买买買 S:买Meaning buy, purchase, bribe, persuadePinYin mǎiMnemonics • put money貝 in your pocket⺲ to go shopping or

put money貝 in someone elses pocket⺲ to bribehim

买　　　　　　　　　　

..岁岁

歲 S:岁 A:歳Meaning year, age, harvestPinYin suìMnemonics • annual stop止 after finishing a small𣥂 /小 part

of a fortress 戌 built by farmers when they are notbusy on the fields• /the new year according to the lunisolar夕 calendarwhen the celestial objects are in the same position tothe mountain山 as last year

岁　　　　　　　　　　

..块块塊 S:块Meaning piece, lump, dollar, clodPinYin kuàiMnemonics • devil鬼 playing with a clod of earth土

• /the leader 夬 divides the land 土 in pieces andassigns it to the people; they have to pay him moneyfor rent

块　　　　　　　　　　

..姐姐姐Meaning elder sister, young ladyPinYin jieMnemonics • the sister女 with most privileges at the table且

姐　　　　　　　　　　

..亮亮亮Meaning bright, brilliant, radiant, lightPinYin liàngMnemonics • a brilliant man儿 stands high above everybody else

亮　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 22 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..朋朋朋Meaning friend, buddy, pal, acquaintancePinYin péngMnemonics • two persons月月 having a conversation with each

other• con.: horizontal relationship: 崩棚

朋　　　　　　　　　　

..谢谢謝 S:谢Meaning thank, declinePinYin xièMnemonics • words言 /讠 being sent out射 to somebody

谢　　　　　　　　　　

..钟钟鐘 S:钟Meaning clock, bellPinYin zhōngMnemonics • metal object金 standing立 in the centre of a village

里• /metal钅 object with an opening口 and a clapper|

钟　　　　　　　　　　

..雨雨雨 A:𠕲𠕒𠕘𩁼㲾Meaning rain, rainy, rad. 173PinYin yǔMnemonics • water⺀⺀ falling in the countryside冂 straight

| from the sky一

雨　　　　　　　　　　

..饭饭飯 S:饭Meaning cooked rice, food, mealPinYin fànMnemonics • meal 飠 /饣 eaten as an antidote against 反

hunger

饭　　　　　　　　　　

..睡睡睡Meaning sleep, dozePinYin shuìMnemonics • hanging垂 eyes目

睡　　　　　　　　　　

..喝喝喝Meaning drink, shout, call outPinYin hēMnemonics • beggar曷 shouting with his mouth口 : he’s drunk

喝　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 23 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..午午午Meaning noon, 7th terrestrial branch, horsePinYin wǔMnemonics • when many十 people𠂉 gather to eat

• horsehead →午

午　　　　　　　　　　

..馆馆館 S:馆Meaning public buildingPinYin guǎnMnemonics • place where officials官 allow you to eat飠

馆　　　　　　　　　　

..店店店Meaning shop, store, inn, hotelPinYin diànMnemonics • building广 where the fortuneteller占 sells his stuff

• hotels are usually built on a cliff广 occupying占 ahigh position with a broad广 view

店　　　　　　　　　　

..爸爸爸Meaning father, papaPinYin bàMnemonics • a father父 desiring巴 children

爸　　　　　　　　　　

..桌桌桌Meaning table, desk, standPinYin zhuōMnemonics • lofty卓 wooden structure木

桌　　　　　　　　　　

..菜菜菜Meaning vegetables, dish, order, foodPinYin càiMnemonics • plucked采 plants艹 : edible plants

菜　　　　　　　　　　

..茶茶茶Meaning teaPinYin cháMnemonics • fresh leafs艹 gathered亼 from tea bush木

茶　　　　　　　　　　

..狗狗狗Meaning dog, canis familiarisPinYin gǒuMnemonics • animal犭 making a lot of noise句 : all the neigh-

bours talk about it句


狗　　　　　　　　　　

..零零零Meaning zero, fragment, fractionPinYin língMnemonics • rain雨 falls now今 in pieces丶 (令 ): the tem-

perature of hail (frozen fragments of water) is belowzero

零　　　　　　　　　　

..杯杯杯Meaning cup, glassPinYin bēiMnemonics • wood木 which has a negative不 hole in it

杯　　　　　　　　　　

..租租租Meaning rent, lease, rental, taxPinYin zūMnemonics • rice禾 brought to the table且 of the tax bureau

租　　　　　　　　　　

..昨昨昨Meaning yesterday, in former times, pastPinYin zuóMnemonics • sudden乍 end of the day日

昨　　　　　　　　　　

..漂漂漂Meaning float, drift, tossed aboutPinYin piàoMnemonics • after voting in the evening the ballot box is put on

the altar票 but some slips get in the water氵

漂　　　　　　　　　　

..椅椅椅Meaning chair, seatPinYin yǐMnemonics • a piece of wood木 so unusually shaped奇 one can

sit on it

椅　　　　　　　　　　

..猫猫猫Meaning catPinYin māoMnemonics • animal the size of a dog 犭 with whiskers like

seedlings苗 ; it is easily mistaken for a dog犭 whenit runs through the sprouting fields苗

猫　　　　　　　　　　Hanzi mnemonics for hsk1 25 http://www.rtega.be/chmn/

..喂喂喂Meaning interjection to call attentionPinYin wèiMnemonics • the mouth口 of one一 scarecrow has to call out

loud when guarding the fields田

喂　　　　　　　　　　

..苹苹蘋 S:苹Meaning artemisia, duckweed, applePinYin píngMnemonics • fruit艹 in the shape of a head頁 one can eat while

walking歩• /weed or fruit艹 growing in peaceful平 countryside平 gardens

苹　　　　　　　　　　


2 Stroke-index1

• 一: 1

2

• 了: 1

• 人: 1

• 二: 10

• 十: 9

• 儿: 11

• 八: 18

• 九: 17

• 七: 18

3

• 大: 3

• 上: 3

• 个: 2

• 下: 5

• 工: 9

• 子: 5

• 小: 7

• 三: 9

• 么: 6

• 女: 13

• 飞: 15

• 习: 21

4

• 不: 1

• 中: 2

• 日: 9

• 月: 11

• 开: 8

• 天: 7

• 分: 7

• 车: 16

• 今: 15

• 水: 12

• 认: 12

• 少: 13

• 气: 12

• 什: 10

• 书: 14

• 五: 14

• 见: 10

• 太: 13

• 友: 19

• 火: 17

• 六: 18

• 午: 24

5

• 出: 4

• 他: 2

• 生: 4

• 们: 2

• 对: 4

• 本: 8

• 电: 13

• 北: 14

• 去: 6

• 东: 12

• 打: 12

• 四: 13

• 写: 17

• 叫: 16

• 汉: 21

6

• 在: 1

• 有: 2

• 年: 5

• 会: 4

• 多: 6

• 机: 9

• 同: 6

• 关: 9

• 名: 12

• 好: 7

• 那: 5

• 西: 11

• 老: 11

• 她: 8

• 先: 11

• 回: 11

• 再: 13

• 米: 19

• 师: 15

• 买: 22

• 字: 16

• 岁: 22

• 兴: 19

• 欢: 21

• 吃: 18

• 吗: 18

• 妈: 21

• 衣: 21

7

• 这: 2

• 我: 2

• 时: 3

• 来: 3

• 作: 5

• 里: 5

• 没: 6

• 你: 4

• 系: 12

• 住: 14

• 医: 18

• 识: 15

• 听: 14

• 块: 22

• 坐: 20

• 饭: 23

• 冷: 21

8

• 的: 1

• 国: 3

• 和: 3

• 学: 6

• 现: 6

• 京: 19

• 明: 9

• 些: 7

• 话: 11

• 视: 17

• 果: 10

• 服: 16

• 店: 24

• 杯: 25

• 呢: 16

• 朋: 23

• 雨: 23

• 姐: 22

• 爸: 24

• 狗: 24

• 苹: 26

9

• 是: 1

• 说: 3

• 前: 8

• 面: 7

• 看: 7

• 点: 10

• 星: 19

• 很: 10

• 院: 15

• 客: 19

• 昨: 25

• 觉: 14

• 语: 18

• 怎: 16

• 钟: 23

• 亮: 22

• 哪: 20

• 茶: 24

10

• 家: 5

• 能: 4

• 高: 10

• 都: 6

• 起: 7

• 样: 8

• 热: 20

• 爱: 17

• 校: 20

• 站: 19

• 候: 15

• 钱: 20

• 请: 17

• 脑: 20

• 读: 22

• 租: 25

• 谁: 20

• 桌: 24

11

• 商: 17

• 做: 13

• 馆: 24

• 菜: 24

• 猫: 25

12

• 期: 14

• 喜: 21

• 谢: 23

• 喝: 23

• 椅: 25

• 喂: 26

13

• 想: 8

• 零: 25

• 睡: 23

14

• 漂: 25

15

• 影: 16


3 Unihan Meaning-index• Chinese people; Chinese language:汉: 21

• a star, planet; any point of light:星: 19

• adjunct pronoun indicate plural:们: 2

• again, twice, re-: 再: 13

• appear, manifest, become visible:现: 6

• artemisia; duckweed; apple: 苹:26

• ask, request; invite; please: 请:17

• assemble, meet together; meeting:会: 4

• be at, in, on; consist in, rest: 在:1

• big, great, vast, large, high: 大:3

• book, letter, document; writings:书: 14

• brain: 脑: 20

• bright, brilliant, radiant, light:亮: 22

• bright, light, brilliant; clear: 明:9

• buy, purchase; bribe, persuade:买: 22

• capital city: 京: 19

• cart, vehicle; carry in cart: 车:16

• cat: 猫: 25

• central; center, middle; in the midstof; hit (target); attain: 中: 2

• chair, seat: 椅: 25

• clock; bell: 钟: 23

• clothes, clothing; cover, skin: 衣:21

• clothes; wear, dress: 服: 16

• cold, cool; lonely: 冷: 21

• come, coming; return, returning:来: 3

• commerce, business, trade: 商:17

• cooked rice; food, meal: 饭: 23

• correct, right; facing, opposed:对: 4

• courtyard, yard, court; school:院: 15

• cry, shout; hail, greet, call: 叫:16

• cup, glass: 杯: 25

• cure, heal; doctor, medical: 医:18

• desk; machine; moment: 机: 9

• divide; small unit of time etc.:分: 7

• dog, canis familiaris: 狗: 24

• dot, speck, spot; point, degree:点: 10

• drink; shout, call out: 喝: 23

• east, eastern, eastward: 东: 12

• eat; drink; suffer, endure, bear:吃: 18

• eight; all around, all sides: 八:18

• elder sister, young lady: 姐: 22

• electricity; electric; lightning: 电:13

• face; surface; plane; side, dimension:面: 7

• father, papa: 爸: 24

• few, less, inadequate: 少: 13

• file of ten soldiers; mixed, miscella-neous: 什: 10

• final interrogative particle: 吗:18

• fire, flame; burn; anger, rage: 火:17

• first, former, previous: 先: 11

• five; surname: 五: 14

• float, drift; tossed about: 漂: 25

• fly; go quickly; dart; high: 飞:15

• four: 四: 13

• friend, companion; fraternity:友: 19

• friend, pal, acquaintance: 朋: 23

• frontier pass; close; relation: 关:9

• fruit; result: 果: 10

• go away, leave, depart: 去: 6

• go out, send out; stand; produce:出: 4

• good, excellent, fine; well: 好: 7

• guest, traveller; customer: 客:19

• happy, pleased, glad; joy; enjoy:欢: 21

• harmony, peace; peaceful, calm:和: 3

• have, own, possess; exist: 有: 2

• hear; understand; obey, comply:听: 14

• high, tall; lofty, elevated: 高: 10

• hot; heat; fever; restless; zeal:热: 20

• house, home, residence; family:家: 5

• hulled or husked uncooked rice:米: 19

• in front, forward; preceding: 前:8

• indeed, yes, right; to be; demonstra-tive pronoun, this, that: 是: 1

• interjection to call attention: 喂:26

• interrogative or emphatic final;(Cant.) this: 呢: 16

• interrogative particle; repetition of atune small; tender: 么: 6


• labor, work; worker, laborer: 工:9

• language, words; saying, expression:语: 18

• learning, knowledge; school: 学:6

• letter, character, word: 字: 16

• life, living, lifetime; birth: 生: 4

• like, love, enjoy; joyful thing: 喜:21

• little, few; rather, somewhat: 些:7

• look at, inspect, observe, see: 视:17

• look, see; examine, scrutinize:看: 7

• love, be fond of, like: 爱: 17

• make; work; compose, write; act,perform: 作: 5

• man; people; mankind; someoneelse: 人: 1

• metropolis, capital; all, the whole; el-egant, refined: 都: 6

• money, currency, coins: 钱: 20

• moon; month; KangXi radical 74:月: 11

• mother, mama: 妈: 21

• much, many; more than, over:多: 6

• name, rank, title, position: 名:12

• nation, country, nation-state:国: 3

• nine: 九: 17

• no, not; un-; negative prefix: 不:1

• noon; 7th terrestrial branch: 午:24

• north; northern; northward: 北:14

• not, have not, none; drown, sink:没: 6

• now, today, modern era: 今: 15

• number six: 六: 18

• numerary adjunct, piece; single:个: 2

• offspring, child; fruit, seed of; 1st ter-restrial branch: 子: 5

• old, aged; experienced: 老: 11

• one; a, an; alone: 一: 1

• open; initiate, begin, start: 开:8

• other, another; he, she, it: 他: 2

• our, us, i, me, my, we: 我: 2

• period of time; date; time limit:期: 14

• piece, lump; dollar: 块: 22

• possessive, adjectival suffix: 的:1

• practice; flapping wings: 习: 21

• public building: 馆: 24

• rain; rainy; KangXi radical 173:雨: 23

• read, study; pronounce: 读: 22

• recognize, know, understand: 认:12

• recognize, understand, know: 识:15

• rent, lease; rental; tax: 租: 25

• reside, live at, dwell, lodge; stop:住: 14

• return, turn around; a time: 回:11

• rise, stand up; go up; begin: 起:7

• root, origin, source; basis: 本: 8

• same, similar; together with: 同:6

• school; military field officer: 校:20

• see, observe, behold; perceive:见: 10

• seven: 七: 18

• shadow; image, reflection; photo-graph: 影: 16

• shape, form, pattern, style: 样:8

• she, her: 她: 8

• shop, store; inn, hotel: 店: 24

• sit; seat; ride, travel by: 坐: 20

• sky, heaven; god, celestial: 天: 7

• sleep, doze: 睡: 23

• small, tiny, insignificant: 小: 7

• son, child; KangXi radical 10: 儿:11

• speak, say, talk; scold, upbraid:说: 3

• speech, talk, language; dialect:话: 11

• stand up; a stand, station: 站:19

• steam, vapor; KangXi radical 84:气: 12

• strike, hit, beat; fight; attack:打: 12

• sun; day; daytime: 日: 9

• system; line, link, connection:系: 12

• table, desk, stand: 桌: 24

• tea: 茶: 24

• teacher, master, specialist: 师:15

• ten, tenth; complete; perfect: 十:9

• thank; decline: 谢: 23

• that, that one, those: 那: 5

• think, speculate, plan, consider:想: 8

• this, the, here: 这: 2

• three: 三: 9

• thrive, prosper, flourish: 兴: 19

• time, season; era, age, period:时: 3

• to be able; can, permitted to; ability:能: 4

• to finish; particle of completed ac-tion: 了: 1


• to wake up from sleep; conscious:觉: 14

• top; superior, highest; go up, sendup: 上: 3

• two; twice: 二: 10

• under, underneath, below; down; in-ferior; bring down: 下: 5

• unit of distance; village; lane: 里:5

• vegetables; dish, order; food: 菜:24

• very, quite, much: 很: 10

• very, too, much; big; extreme:太: 13

• wait; expect; visit; greet: 候: 15

• water, liquid, lotion, juice: 水:12

• west(ern); westward, occident:西: 11

• what? why? how?: 怎: 16

• which? where? how?: 哪: 20

• who? whom? whose? anyone?:谁: 20

• woman, girl; feminine; rad. 38:女: 13

• work, make; act: 做: 13

• write; draw, sketch; compose:写: 17

• year; age; harvest: 岁: 22

• yesterday; in former times, past:昨: 25

• you, second person pronoun: 你:4

• zero; fragment, fraction: 零: 25


4 PinYin-indexbà

• 爸: 24

bù

• 不: 1

bā

• 八: 18

bēi

• 杯: 25

běi

• 北: 14

běn

• 本: 8

chá

• 茶: 24

chē

• 车: 16

chī

• 吃: 18

chū

• 出: 4

cài

• 菜: 24

de

• 的: 1

diàn

• 电: 13

• 店: 24

diǎn

• 点: 10

duì

• 对: 4

duō

• 多: 6

dà

• 大: 3

dú

• 读: 22

dōng

• 东: 12

dōu

• 都: 6

dǎ

• 打: 12

fàn

• 饭: 23

fú

• 服: 16

fēi

• 飞: 15

fēn

• 分: 7

guó

• 国: 3

guān

• 关: 9

guǎn

• 馆: 24

guǒ

• 果: 10

gè

• 个: 2

gāo

• 高: 10

gōng

• 工: 9

gǒu

• 狗: 24

hou

• 候: 15

huan

• 欢: 21

huà

• 话: 11

huì

• 会: 4

huí

• 回: 11

huǒ

• 火: 17

hàn

• 汉: 21

hé

• 和: 3

hē

• 喝: 23

hěn

• 很: 10

hǎo

• 好: 7

jie

• 姐: 22

jiàn

• 见: 10

jiào

• 叫: 16

jiā

• 家: 5

jiǔ

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