1 introduction to chemical engineering thermodynamics chapter 12 solution thermodynamics:...

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1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

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Page 1: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

1

Introduction to Chemical Engineering

Thermodynamics

Chapter 12Solution

thermodynamics: application

Smith

Page 2: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

2Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

本章的主題 量測氣液平衡 處理混合數據

由 VLE 數據取得液相性質 逸壓 活性係數 過剩 Gibbs 自由能

氣液平衡數據 P-T-x-y P-T-x

計算性質

Page 3: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

3Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

逸壓計算 成份氣相逸壓計算式 低壓下,行為可簡化

成份液相逸壓計算式

理想溶液的一個定律

理想溶液的另一個定律

Page 4: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

4Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

活性係數 定義式 由實驗數據之計算式

亨利常數 定義式 相關計算式 應用時機

Page 5: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

5Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

亨利定律 與 路易士 / 蘭德定則的共存相依性

Page 6: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

6Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

證得兩定律相依共存

活性係數與組成作圖存在之數學關係邊界性質

Page 7: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

7Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

證得圖形之數學關係邊界性質

亨利常數之特性

Page 8: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

8Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

亨利常數大於成份逸壓 亨利常數小於成份逸壓

剩餘 Gibbs 自由能 剩餘 Gibbs 自由能與活

性係數性質之關係式

數據約化用到之之有關性質表示式

組成函數之邊界特性

Page 9: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

9Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

剩餘 Gibbs 自由能之組成的數學函數架構

GE/(x1x2RT) 量在兩個邊界條件下的定量計算法

Page 10: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

10Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

無限稀釋溶液之關係式

Gibbs-Duhem 方程式提供之組成變化時,兩成份熱力性質交互變化之關係

Page 11: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

11Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

數據的約化 數據約化的程序

實驗數據 活性係數 過剩 Gibbs 自由能的

模式 無限稀釋條件參數之取

得 計算壓力與組成

實驗模式的活性係數模式 過剩 Gibbs 自由能的模

式表示式 活性係數表示式

Page 12: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

12Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

丁酮與甲苯的系統

氣相組成與壓力的計算程序

Page 13: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

13Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

氣相組成計算式的推導

各性質計算方法

目標函數 目標函數的角色 目標函數的定義

Page 14: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

14Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

熱力學一致性測試 作圖與計算基準

1 mol

實驗數據的導入

模式與實驗數據的比較

Page 15: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

15Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

推導得到的比較式

範例

計算之目標函數

計算之目標函數

Page 16: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

16Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

過剩 Gibbs 自由能的模式

Margules 方程式

Redlish/Kister 表示式

各參數隱含的意義

Page 17: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

17Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

van Laar 方程式

Page 18: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

18Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

局部組成 藉以描述分子差異的貢獻

局部組成觀念的模式 Wilson 方程式 NRTL 方程式 UNIQUAC 方程式 UNIFAC 方程式

( 基團貢獻法 )

Page 19: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

19Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

混合的性質改變 過剩性質的定義

四種過剩性質的表示式

混合的性質的定義 四種性質的過剩性質與

混合性質改變間的關係式

理想溶液混合時的性質改變

Page 20: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

20Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

實驗操作設計 混合體積效應實驗 混合熱效應實驗

計算式的表示式

實驗觀察結果

Page 21: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

21Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

混合程序的熱效應 混合熱的定義 ( 以溶液為

基準的定義 ) 以溶劑為基準的熱效應定

例題 12-4(兩種查表取得數據 )

兩種定義間的關係式 莫耳分率的換算

Page 22: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

22Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

莫耳焓的換算

範例 12.5 繪製流程圖 能量平衡式

各項熱效應分析與計算式建立

計算相對莫耳數;查表囉!

能量平衡式計算熱傳量

Page 23: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

23Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

濃焓圖建構的原則 焓沒有絕對值 各成分可自行選擇設定焓

的參考零點

Page 24: 1 Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Chapter 12 Solution thermodynamics: application Smith

24Chapter 12.

Solution thermodynamics:application

劇情如何發展?敬請期待!