1 introduction to xml
DESCRIPTION
XML-XMLTRANSCRIPT
Roots of XML – EDI Technology
Introduction to XML 3
EDI and XML XML is a data description language
It has its roots in EDI
EDI technology is still in use, but is being replaced with XML
Introduction to XML 4
What is EDI? Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
Related to the history of XML Document exchange standard
e.g. Purchase Order (PO), Sales Order (SO) Documents are inter-related
But their formats differ! Aims at:
Making formats uniform Document exchanges easier
Introduction to XML 5
EDI Example Company A wants to buy spare
parts from company B Company A prepares a Purchase
Order (PO) Sends it to company B Company B sends the goods, and a
Sales Order (SO) to B Formats of the SO and the PO differ
Introduction to XML 6
Sample EDI DocumentInterchange Control Header – Electronic Envelope
Functional Group Header – Purchase OrderTransaction Set Header – Purchase Order A100
Data Segment Header – SourceData Element – Terms of TransactionData Element – Date and Time
Data Segment Header – DetailsData Element – Item NumberData Element – Item DescriptionData Element – Item QuantityData Element – Item Price
Transaction Set Footer – Purchase Order A100Functional Group Footer – Purchase Order……
Interchange Control Header – Electronic Envelope
Introduction to XML 7
EDI and the Internet
Web browser
XML
EDI VAN Provider
ASC X12
XML Theory
Introduction to XML 9
History of XML Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Based on Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)
Quite complex Defines markup to represent logical
structure of documents Independent of technologies and platforms Meta language (Language for describing
other languages)
Introduction to XML 10
What was there before XML? Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML)
Tagging language Used for displaying text in Web browsers Quite simple to code Example
<H1> Fruit description </H1><P> Color = Red </P>…
Introduction to XML 11
Problems with HTML – 1 No syntax checking
No provision for validating HTML documents
No structure Display-related characteristics are
considered and nothing else
Introduction to XML 12
Problems with HTML – 2 Not content-aware
Use of tags such as <H3> instead of <Name>
Not international Based on ASCII, so limited language
support (XML is Unicode-based)
Introduction to XML 13
Problems with HTML – 3 Not suitable for data interchange
Very little information inside a document is identified
Not object-oriented Programmers with OO skills find it
difficult to deal with HTML
Introduction to XML 14
Why XML? Gels well with existing Web
protocols such as HTTP and MIME Supports a wide variety of
applications Has programming support Optional features are minimum XML documents are easier to read
for humans
Introduction to XML 15
Problems with Data Exchange Application-related
Problems solved by EDI, but other problems raised (Cost, Infrastructure, etc)
Technology-related Incompatible technologies used
Introduction to XML 16
Technology-related Problems
Organization X
Oracle
Organization Y
IMS
Introduction to XML 17
Technology-related Problems
Organization X
Oracle
Organization Y
IMSText Text
Introduction to XML 18
Technology-related Problems
Organization X
Oracle
Organization Y
IMSEDI EDI
Introduction to XML 19
Technology-related Problems
Organization X
Oracle
Organization Y
IMSXML XML
Introduction to XML 20
XML Features Modularity
Structure of XML documents can be decided based on needs
Extensibility Linking physically different
documents is possible Data orientation
Focus is on data, so is machine-friendly
Introduction to XML 21
XML Example<?xml version=“1.0”?><address-book>
<entry><name>
<first> Ram </first><last> Joshi </last>
</name><address>
<building> Navi Peth </building><house-number> 304 </house-number><city> Pune </city><pin> 411001 </pin>
</address><res-phone> 27289103 </res-phone><mobile> 93292-91010 </mobile><email> [email protected]</email>
</entry></address-book>
Introduction to XML 22
Hierarchy of Data XML presents data in the form of a
hierarchyBook
ChapterSectionParagraphSentenceWordCharacter
Introduction to XML 23
Output of the XML Document
Introduction to XML 24
In HTML, it would be …<HTML><HEAD>
<H3> Ram </H3><H3> Joshi </H3><H4> Navi Peth </H4><H4> 304 </H4><H4> Pune <H4><H4> 411001 </H4></Head>
</HTML>
Introduction to XML 25
Another XML Example<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><examination> <student> <roll_number>1</roll_number> <student_name>Harish</student_name> <course>Msc</course> <total_marks>275</total_marks> <out_of>400</out_of> <rank>5</rank> </student> <student> <roll_number>2</roll_number> <student_name>Jyotsna</student_name> <course>Msc</course> <total_marks>283</total_marks> <out_of>400</out_of> <rank>4</rank> </student> <student> <roll_number>3</roll_number> <student_name>Bhupendra</student_name> <course>Msc</course> <total_marks>251</total_marks> <out_of>400</out_of> <rank>7</rank> </student> <student> <roll_number>4</roll_number> <student_name>Senthil</student_name> <course>Msc</course> <total_marks>271</total_marks> <out_of>400</out_of> <rank>14</rank> </student></examination>
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