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1 It is Easy for Universities to Support Free Culture with Digital Libraries: The NDLTD Example Edward A. Fox ([email protected]) Virginia Tech, USA FCDL 2005 – Atlanta Free Culture & the Digital Library October 14, 2005

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Page 1: 1 It is Easy for Universities to Support Free Culture with Digital Libraries: The NDLTD Example Edward A. Fox (fox@vt.edu) Virginia Tech, USA FCDL 2005

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It is Easy for Universities to Support Free Culture with

Digital Libraries: TheNDLTD Example

Edward A. Fox ([email protected])Virginia Tech, USA

FCDL 2005 – Atlanta

Free Culture & the Digital Library

October 14, 2005

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Outline

• Acknowledgements

• Message

• 5S Framework

• NDLTD as explained with 5S

• Selected Links, Summary

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Acknowledgements: Support

• Adobe• NDLTD• NSF (IIS-9986089, 0080748, 0086227,

0325579; ITR-0325579; DUE-0121679, 0136690, 0121741, 0333601)

• OCLC• UNESCO• US Dept. Ed. (FIPSE)• VT• VTLS

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Message

1. If you are serious about Free Culture & DLs, being an active member of NDLTD is a “no brainer”, with clear benefits & real savings.

2. 5S is a clear and precise framework that allows us to describe & discuss DLs.

3. 5S description of NDLTD helps facilitate understanding of how beneficial and easy it is to further develop a free culture around ETDs.

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5S LayersSocieties

Scenarios

Spaces

Structures

Streams

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5S LayersSocieties

Scenarios

Spaces

Structures

Streams

Fire

Wood

Earth

Metal

Water

5 Elements

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5Ss

Ss Examples Objectives

Streams Text; video; audio; image Describes properties of the DL content such as encoding and language for textual material or particular forms of multimedia data

Structures Collection; catalog; hypertext; document; metadata

Specifies organizational aspects of the DL content

Spaces Measure; measurable, topological, vector, probabilistic

Defines logical and presentational views of several DL components

Scenarios Searching, browsing, recommending

Details the behavior of DL services

Societies Service managers, learners, teachers, etc.

Defines managers, responsible for running DL services; actors, that use those services; and relationships among them

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Informal 5S & DL Definitions

DLs are complex systems that

• help satisfy info needs of users (societies)

• provide info services (scenarios)

• organize info in usable ways (structures)

• present info in usable ways (spaces)

• communicate info with users (streams)

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Hypotheses

• A formal theory for DLs can be built based on 5S.

• The formalization can serve as a basis for modeling and building high-quality DLs.

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5S and DL formal definitions and compositions (April 2004 TOIS)

5S

structures (d.10)streams (d.9) spaces (d.18) scenarios (d.21) societies (d. 24)

structural metadataspecification(d.25)

descriptive metadataspecification(d.26)

repository(d. 33)

collection (d. 31)

(d.34)indexingservice

structured stream (d.29)

digitalobject (d.30)

metadata catalog (d.32)

browsingservice

(d.37)

searchingservice (d.35)

digital library(minimal) (d. 38)

services (d.22)

sequence (d. 3)

graph (d. 6)function (d. 2)

measurable(d.12), measure(d.13), probability (d.14), vector (d.15), topological (d.16) spaces

event (d.10)state (d. 18)

hypertext(d.36)

sequence (d. 3)

transmission(d.23)

relation (d. 1) language (d.5)

grammar (d. 7)

tuple (d. 4)*

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Browsing Collaborating Customizing Filtering Providing access Recommending Requesting Searching Visualizing

Annotating Classifying Clustering Evaluating Extracting Indexing

Measuring Publicizing

Rating Reviewing (peer)

Surveying Translating

(language)

Conserving Converting

Copying/Replicating Emulating Renewing

Translating (format)

Acquiring Cataloging

Crawling (focused) Describing Digitizing

Federating Harvesting Purchasing Submitting

Preservational Creational

Add Value

Repository-Building

Information Satisfaction

Services

Infrastructure Services

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Tools/Applications

5S MetaModel

5SGraphDL

Expert

DL Designer

5SL DL

Model

5SLGen

Practitioner

Researcher

TailoredDL

Teacher

componentpool

ODLSearch,ODLBrowse,ODLRate,ODLReview,

…….

Logging ModuleXMLLog

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Fox & Gonçalves Textbook Parts

• Ch. 1. Introduction (Motivation, Synopsis)

• Part 1 – The “Ss”

• Part 2 – Higher DL Constructs

• Part 3 – Advanced Topics

• Appendix

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A Digital Library Case Study

• Domain: graduate education, research

• Genre: ETDs= electronic theses & dissertations

• Training (UNESCO, multilingual): www.etdguide.org

Project: Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations (NDLTD, 501 c 3) www.ndltd.org

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NDLTD Societies

1. Graduate students

2. General public (e.g., readers, citizens)

3. Board of Directors

4. Projects/Sponsors

5. Members

6. Researchers

7. Faculty, administrators, (digital) librarians, archivists, sponsors, publishers, …

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Board of Directors• Suzie Allard (ETD 2004, U. Kentucky)• Denise A. D. Bedford (World Bank)• Julia C. Blixrud (ARL, SPARC)• José Luis Borbinha (Natl Lib Portugal)• Alex Byrne (ETD 2005, ADT: Australia)• Tony Cargnelutti (ETD 2005, Australia)• Vinod Chachra (VTLS)• Susan Copeland (RGU, UK)• Jude Edminster (Bowling Green St. U.)• Scott Eldredge (Treasurer, ETD 2002, BYU)• Edward A. Fox (Exec Director,Virginia Tech)• John H. Hagen (West Virginia U.)• Thomas B. Hickey (OCLC)• Christine Jewell (U. Waterloo, Canada)

• Delphine Lewis (ProQuest)• Joan K. Lippincott (CNI)• Mike Looney (Adobe)• Gail McMillan (Secretary, Virginia Tech)• Joseph Moxley (ETD 2000, USF)• Eva Müller (U. Uppsala, Sweden)• Ana Pavani (PUC Rio, Brazil)• Axel Plathe (UNESCO, Paris)• Sharon Reeves (National Library Canada)• Peter Schirmbacher (ETD 2003, Humboldt)• Hussein Suleman (U.Cape Town, S. Africa)• Shalini R. Urs (U. Mysore, India)• Eric F. Van de Velde (ETD 2001, Caltech)

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Selected Projects / Sponsors

• Australia (ADT)• Brazil (BDT, IBICT)• Canada• Catalunya• Chile (Cybertesis)• Germany• India (Vidyanidhi)• Korea• OhioLINK: 79

colleges/univs

• Portugal (National Library)

• South Africa• UK (British Library,

JISC, Edinburgh, …)• UNESCO (especially

Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa)

• Venezuela

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NDLTD Scenarios

1. Research using ETDs

2. Authoring an ETD

3. Submitting an ETD, reviewing, revising, finalizing, approving

4. Cataloging an ETD, indexing

5. Institutional repostorizing

6. Searching, browsing

7. Selecting, downloading, citing

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NDLTD Scenarios

8. Career of a graduate student

9. University graduate program

10.ETD activities worldwide

11.Free culture worldwide

12.Developing and deploying open source software and systems

• ETD-db• DSpace, …

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Student Gets CommitteeSignatures and Submits ETD

Signed

Grad School

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Library Catalogs ETD, Access isOpened to the New Research

WWW

NDLTD

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NDLTD Spaces

1. Online learning space, offline book space2. Locations, people, institutions, cultures3. OAI-PMH sets of data providers and

harvesting site / service providers4. Interfaces for access to ETDs

• OCLC (OAI, Union Catalog, SRU)• VT and CALIS using Open Digital Libraries• VT research on implicit user models (w. Scirus)• Scirus• VTLS

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OCLC SRU Interface

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ETD Union Search Mirror Site in China (CALIS)(http://ndltd.calis.edu.cn – popular site!)

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NDLTD Structures

1. Committees

2. Conference organization

3. Social networks

4. ETD Metadata Standard

5. Union Catalog

6. XML /SGML / HTML document structure

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NDLTD Streams

1. Document content

2. Bit streams connecting computers• Not encrypted if free culture

3. Harvesting streams

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Why ETD? Short Answer

• For Students:– Gain knowledge and skills for the Information Age– Richer communication (digital information, multimedia, …)

• For Universities: – Easy way to enter the digital library field and benefit

thereby

• For the World: – Global digital library – large, useful, many services

• General:– Save time and money– Increased visibility for all associated with research results

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Selected Links - http://fox.cs.vt.edu

• ETD Guide (UNESCO funding, multiple languages)– www.etdguide.org

• NDLTD (electronic theses and dissertations worldwide)– www.ndltd.org and etdguide.org

• OAI (Open Archives Initiative)– www.openarchives.org

• Virginia Tech Digital Library Research Laboratory (DLRL, www.dlib.vt.edu)– 5S, AmericanSouth.Org, CSTC, DL-in-a-box, ENVISION,

ETANA, MARIAN, NDLTD, NSDL, OAD, ODL, …)

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Summary

1. If you are serious about Free Culture & DLs, being an active member of NDLTD is a “no brainer”, with clear benefits & real savings.

2. 5S is a clear and precise framework that allows us to describe & discuss DLs.

3. 5S description of NDLTD helps facilitate understanding of how beneficial and easy it is to further develop a free culture around ETDs.

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Questions?Discussion?

Thank You!