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ITEC0722 Mobile Business and

Implementation: Mobile Cloud Computing

Lecture Notes #8

Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC)

2http://www.cloudcomputingtechie.com/smartest-uses-mobile/

Outline

Cloud What is Cloud Computing? Main Aspects of a Cloud System

through the cloud map Mobile Cloud Computing

Concept of Mobile Cloud Computing? Applications of Mobile Cloud

Computing Issue of MCC

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Cloud Computing

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What is Cloud Computing?

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“Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.”

(A definition by NIST, 2011)

Evolution of Cloud

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Cloud

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Market Forecast

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Main Aspects of a Cloud System: Cloud map

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Features (or Characteristics) Distributed computing at a

massive scale On demand elasticity Exploiting existing

technologies such as “Virtualization”

Pay per use model Multi-tenancy

Cloud Types and Models

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Cloud Service Models

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Modified from Building the cloud Virtualized Optical WAN

Service Models and their risks

12Modified from Cloud Computing Impact on future enterprise architectures, Schekkerman, J.

Cloud Deployment Models (NIST)

Public clouds Private clouds Hybrid clouds

13The models by the US National institute of standards and technology (NIST)

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Recap (3) - Benefits VS Challenges

Benefits ChallengesOn-demand self-serviceBroad network accessResource poolingRapid elasticityMeasured serviceLower costsEase of utilizationQuality of ServiceReliabilityOutsourced IT managementSimplified maintenance and upgradeLow barrier to entry

SecurityInteroperabilityReliabilityLaws and regulationsOrganizational changesCostNetwork latency

Mobile Cloud Computing

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Mobile

- Need ubiquitous devices

Cloud Computing

-Need rich mobile apps->Performance + Storage

Mobile Cloud Computing

Challenges in Mobile

Resources Battery life Storage Bandwidth

Communication Security mobility

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Adopting Mobile Cloud Applications

Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) Definition

“Mobile Cloud Computing at its simplest, refers to an infrastructure where both the data storage and the data processing happen outside of the mobile device. Mobile cloud applications move the computing power and data storage away from mobile phones and into the cloud, bringing applications and mobile computing to not just smartphone users but a much broader range of mobile subscribers”. (by the Mobile Cloud Computing Forum)

Briefly, MCC is a model where processing is done in the cloud, data is stored in the cloud, mobiles device serves as a presentation platform or a display

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MCC Architecture

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Advantages of MCC

Advantage of cloud to mobile computing Thinner devices -> less processing,

consume less power, and have better battery life

Improving data storage capacity and processing power

Avoidance of vendor lock-in. Inherits some advantages of clouds

Dynamic resource provisioning, Scalability, Reliability and Multi-tenancy

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What to be when cloud come!

Less processing power, memory and storage but needs to be aware of bandwidth and display resolutions.

Smart phones with sophisticated operating systems. e.g., iOS, Android, Windows Mobile, Symbian.

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Apple iCloud

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iCloud

iCloud Application

iCloud

iBookCalendar, Mail and

ContactsDocuments in the CloudApps

iTunes in the Cloud

Photo Stream Backup

Find My Friends and Find My iPhone

iPhone Application Hosting by Amazon

Picture from Alexandra Institute 23

iAWS Manager

Picture from Alexandra Institute 24

MCC Applications

Mobile Commerce Mobile Learning Mobile Healthcare Mobile Gaming Other Applications

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http://www.chetansharma.com/blog/2012/01/03/2012-mobile-industry-predictions-survey/

Mobile Commerce

Def.: a business model for commerce using mobile devices. mobile transactions and payments mobile messaging, and mobile ticketing

Limitations: Low network bandwidth and security

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Mobile Commerce (2)

Cloud-based mobile commerce: Combined with other platform such as

3G/4G network to offer higher bandwidth Using PKI infrastructure to enhance security

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Mobile Learning

Design: electronic learning (e-learning) and mobility.

Limitations: high cost of devices and network, low network transmission rate, and limited educational resources.

Cloud-based m-learning applications Large storage capacity Powerful processing ability Much richer services in terms of data size,

faster processing speed, longer battery life.

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Mobile Healthcare

Helps to access resources (e.g., patient health records) easily and quickly

Limitations: small physical storage, security and privacy

Example, HealthCloud (patient health records) Platform: mobile client (Android), Cloud (Amazon)

Cloud-based m-healthcare applications Large storage capacity security as a service on the cloud

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Mobile Gaming

Limitations: Computation, battery life Cloud-based mobile gaming applications

completely offload game engine requiring large computing resource (e.g., graphic rendering) to the server in the cloud

gamers only interact with the screen interface on their devices.

Research: MAUI platform energy reduction

saves 27% (video games), 45% (chess) refresh rate increases from 6 to 13 fps

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Angry Admin Game

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https://github.com/realtime-framework/Storage/tree/master/multi-player-mobile-game

Other Applications

Mobile applications over clouds for sharing real-time experience (e.g., travel,

shopping, and event) through a bogging translating language searching services (e.g., searching

information, location, images, voices, or video clips)

Keyword-based searching Voice-based searching Tag-based searching

search only recall parameters that are tagged on images before such images are sent to a cloud

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Issue and Approaches of MCC

Issues in mobile communication side Low bandwidth Availability Heterogeneity

Issues in Computing Side Computing offloading Security

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Issues in mobile communication

Low bandwidth The radio resource for wireless networks is

much scarce as compared with the traditional wired networks.

Availability Mobile users may not be able to connect to

the cloud to obtain service due to traffic congestion, network failures, out-of-signal.

Heterogeneity Good QoS in heterogeneous networks in

terms of wireless network interfaces.34

Issues in Computing

Computer offloading Adv: performance and battery life Challenges

Offloading in the Dynamic Environment (e.g., changing connection status and bandwidth)

Problem: For example, the data executed on the server will be lost when it has to be returned to the sender.

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Issues in Computing (2)

Security - (1) Security for Mobile Users and (2) Securing Data on Clouds Security for Mobile Users

Security for mobile applications mobile devices are constrained in their

processing and power, protecting them from the threats is more difficult than that for resourceful device (e.g., PC)

Privacy Mobile users provide private information such as

their current location via Location based services (from GPS)

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Issues in Computing (3) Securing Data on Clouds

Integrity Digital right management

The unstructured digital contents (e.g., video, image, audio, and e-book) have often been pirated and illegally distributed.

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Other Issues

Standard interface The current interface between mobile users and

cloud are mostly based on the web interfaces. However, using web interfaces may not be the

best option. First, web interface is not specifically designed for

mobile devices. Therefore, web interface may have more overhead.

Also, compatibility among devices for web interface could be an issue.

Possible solution: Standard protocol, signaling, and interface for

interacting between mobile users and cloud would be required to ensure seamless services

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Summary

Mobile leverage cloud in terms of performance, storage and cloud’s features

The applications supported by mobile cloud computing including mobile commerce, mobile learning, and mobile healthcare have been discussed which clearly show the applicability of the mobile cloud computing to a wide range of mobile services.

The issues and related approaches for mobile cloud computing (i.e., from communication and computing sides) have been discussed.

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References

Armbrust, M., et al., 2010, A View of Cloud Computing, ACM, 53(4), pp. 50-58.

Zhang, Q., Cheng, L., Boutaba, R., Cloud Coomputing: state-of-the-art and research challenges, Journal of Internet Services and Applications, 2010, 1:7-18.

The Future of Cloud Computing: Opportunities for European Cloud Computing Beyond 2010.

Chapter 8 of Course Book: Cloud Computing Bible, 2011, Wiley Pub. Inc.

A Survey of Mobile Cloud Computing: Architecture, Applications, and Approaches

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