1 ladders and stairs designed and used with safety in mind
TRANSCRIPT
1
Ladders and Stairs
Designed and used with safety in mind
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Section I
Introduction
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Ladders & Stairs
Hazards Rules Inspection Safe use Maintenance Stairways
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Section II
Hazards
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Hazards of ladders
Falls
Slips
Overreaching
Weather
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Hazards of ladders
Oil or grease
Not secured
Electrocution
Falling objects
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Hazards of stairs
Clutter
Slippery surfaces
Damage
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Hazards of stairs
Poor lighting
Unsafe practices
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Section III
OSHA/State of Montana rules for most workplaces
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Different kinds of ladders
Portable wood –
Portable metal –
Fixed –
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OSHA terms
Ladder
Single
Extension
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OSHA terms
Stepladder Type 1 – Industrial
Type 2 – Commercial
Type 3 - Household
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OSHA terms
Fixed
Individual-rung
Rail
Grab bars
Pitch
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OSHA terms
Cage
Well
Ladder safety device
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Design - Portable
Materials
Length
Rung / step spacing
Side rail width
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OSHA design - Portable
Non-skid
Extension ladder overlap
Stepladder spreaders
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OSHA design - Fixed
Materials
Load limits
Rungs and cleats
Rung / step spacing
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OSHA design - Fixed
Rung / step length Clearance Cages / wells Platforms Ladder safety devices
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OSHA design - Fixed
Grab bars
Step-across distance
Pitch
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Section IV
OSHA construction rules
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Construction rules
Part 1926 Subpart X
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Construction terms
Portable ladder
Fixed ladder
Individual-rung/step ladders
Job-made ladder
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Construction terms
Single-cleat ladder
Double cleat ladder
Step stool
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Construction design - Portable Materials
Length
Rung / step spacing
Side rail width
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Construction design - Portable Non-skid
Stepladder spreaders
Load-carrying capacities
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Construction design - Fixed
Load limits
Side rails
Non-skid
Clearance
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Construction design - Fixed
Grab bars
Step-across distance
Pitch or angle of the ladder
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Construction design - Fixed
Use of cages / wells
Ladder safety devices
Self-retracting lifelines
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Section V
Inspection
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Inspection
Frequent
Portable metal - tips over
Construction – competent person
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Inspection
Rungs / steps Side rails Corrosion Tight fit Grease / oil
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Inspection
Splinters
Fittings
Moving parts
Fraying
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Section VI
Safe use
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Safe use
Inspect before use
Length and load limits
No metal by electrical lines
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Safe use
Intended purpose
Firm, solid surface
Secured / barricaded
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Safe use
Clear area
Stepladders locked open
4-to-1 rule
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Safe use
Face the ladder
Both hands
Only one person
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Safe use
Top 2 steps of a stepladder
Top 4 rungs of a straight ladder
Do not move occupied ladder
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Safe use
Hoist material
Work within side rails
Proper storage
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Section VII
Maintenance
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Maintenance
Remove from service
Tag “Do Not Use”
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Maintenance
Repair to original design
Qualified personnel
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Section VIII
Stairways
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General OSHA rule
Fixed industrial stairs – 1910.24
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Construction rule
Stairways – 1926.1052
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Stairways
Slippery conditions
Clean up spills
Snow and ice
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Stairways
No clutter
Proper lighting
Use handrails
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Stairways
Always walk — don’t run
Carrying materials
Report unsafe conditions
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Section VII
Conclusion
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Summary
Hazards Rules Inspection Safe use Maintenance Stairways
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Questions?