1 lecturer 2 (review) self positive regard (p. 39) refers to positive feedback, good feelings, and...

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Lecturer 2 (Review)

SelfPOSITIVE REGARD (p. 39) refers to positive

feedback, good feelings, and acceptance. UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD (p. 39)

refers to giving positive regard and acceptance at all times and in all situations.

CONDITIONAL POSTIVE REGARD (p. 39) refers to giving positive regard and acceptance only in certain conditions

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Other key concepts in Ch 2

Self-concept = how we think about ourselves (cognitive)

Self-esteem = how we feel about ourselves (emotional)

Self-efficacy = bridge between self-concept and self-esteem by influencing both cognition and emotion

Positive self = refer to visions, both positive and negative, of who and what we might become someday

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See page 44

Key Elements of Self

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Caritas Francis Hsu CollegeGeneral Education 2009-2010PHI1011 Individual and Society

Lecture 3: Self (Chapter 2) and

Personality and Needs (Chapter 3)

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The Johari Window

Known to Self Unknown to self

Known to others

Unknown to others

Open Blind

Hidden Unknown

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The Johari Window – early relationship


Known to others

Unknown to others

Open Blind

Hidden Unknown

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The Johari Window – close relationship


Known to others

Unknown to others

Open Blind

Hidden Unknown

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The Johari Window


Known to others

Unknown to others

Open Blind

Hidden Unknown

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Class Outline

1. What is Needs?

2. Hierarchy of Needs

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I. What is Needs?

1. Needs & Wants Needs:

Things people must have to live, e.g. food, clothing, and shelter.

Wants: Things people would like to have but do not need

in order to live.

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I. What is Needs?

2. How Wants Become Needs

Two ways this can happen are:

1. Through commercials or ads, and

2. Convincing yourself a want is a need.

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I. What is Needs?

2. How Wants Become Needs 2.1 Advertising Sells

Wants > Needs = Ads Ads: information > new product > new trend Frequent Ads > "Yes, I need that.“

e.g. make-up stuff, body slim promotion, … Unknown Product > Ads > Believe We Must Have

e.g. 排毒美顏寶

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I. What is Needs?

2. How Wants Become Needs 2.2 DIY: Do It Yourself

You can also do the same thing to yourself. e.g. a new CD for your favorite artist You'd feel so special having it. And you deserve it because:

you've done without so much, you work so hard, you give up so much for your kids, everyone else has it of course you should have

it and not do without. You need it.

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I. What is Needs?

3. Categories of Need Need:

either biological or social needs / absolute e.g. the need for shelter, food, human contact, etc.

socially and historically determined differ at different times, in different societies and

in different cultures e.g. TV, mobile phone

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I. What is Needs?

3. Categories of Need 3.1 Felt / Subjective / Perceived Needs

People believe they must have to achieve an acceptable level of well-being.

e.g. latest mobile phone model

3.2 Expressed Needs An indication of the degree to which needs exist

as revealed by specific factors. e.g. Queue for movie tickets, housing prices, HD/AD

programmes

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I. What is Needs?

3. Categories of Need 3.3 Normative / Objective Needs

Usually, experts or outsiders decide what standard is.

e.g. course content

3.4 Relative Needs People must have to achieve an acceptable level

of well being as compared to other e.g. subsidies in CSSA

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II. Hierarchy of Needs

Each of us is motivated by needs. Hierarchy of Needs from Abraham Maslow (1908-

1970) explains how these needs motivate us all. Hierarchy of Needs:

satisfy each need in turn starting with the first - needs for survival itself lower order needs (physical and emotional) well-being

are satisfied are we concerned with the higher order needs (influence and personal development)

if lower order needs are swept away, we are no longer concerned about the maintenance of our higher order needs.

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1.1 Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs 1. Self-Actualization needs 2. Esteem needs 3. Belongingness and Love needs 4. Safety needs 5. Biological and Physiological needs

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1.2 Characteristics of Self-Actualization keen sense of reality - aware of real situations

- objective judgement, rather than subjective see problems in terms of challenges and

situations requiring solutions, rather than see problems as personal complaints or excuses

need for privacy and comfortable being alone reliant on own experiences and judgement -

independent - not reliant on culture and environment to form opinions and views

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1.2 Characteristics of Self-Actualization not susceptible to social pressures - non-

conformist democratic, fair and non-discriminating -

embracing and enjoying all cultures, races and individual styles

socially compassionate - possessing humanity accepting others as they are and not trying to

change people

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1.2 Characteristics of Self-Actualization comfortable with oneself - despite any

unconventional tendencies a few close intimate friends rather than many

surface relationships sense of humour directed at oneself or the

human condition, rather than at the expense of others

spontaneous and natural - true to oneself, rather than being how others want

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1.2 Characteristics of Self-Actualization excited and interested in everything, even

ordinary things creative, inventive and original seek peak experiences that leave a lasting

impression

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III. Reflections

What is your “basic” needs?

How can you obtain those needs?

How far you can achieve Self-actualisation?

Johari Window and

Maslow’s Hierachy (lecture 3)

1 lecturer 2 (review) self positive regard (p. 39) refers to positive feedback, good feelings, and...

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