1 logistics and supply chain management part ii: warehouse logistics
TRANSCRIPT
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Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Part II: Warehouse Logistics
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The Warehouse and the Logistics ChainWarehouse Types
Raw material Warehouses
hold raw materials near the point of induction into a
manufacturing/assembly process.
Work in process Warehouses
hold partially completed assemblies/products along
assembly line.
Finished Goods Warehouses
Hold inventory used to balance and buffer variation between
demand and production schedule, usually near the point of
manufacture.
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Role of the Warehouse in the Logistics ChainWarehouse Types
Distribution Centers
accumulate and consolidate products from different points of
manufacture to consolidate shipments to common
customers. Product movement is a full pallets inbound and
full/broken pallets or cases outbound.
Fulfillment Centers
receive, pick and ship small orders for individual customers.
Local Warehouses
are in the field to shorten transportation distances and permit
rapid response to customer.
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Role of the Warehouse in the Logistics Chain
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Common Warehouse Activities
Receiving Put Away
SupportFunctions
Sort & Accumulate
Storage
CrossDockFlows
ShippingOrder
Picking
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Storage Optimization in the Warehouse1. Assign each item to least cost storage mode.
Select storage mode that: minimizes cost of storage and handling for an item
(depends on item demand and dimensional characteristics, and storage mode costs)
Pallets - can choose to:
- assign a position on floor storage- single deep rack, - double-deep rack- drive in / thru rack (*)- mobile rack
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Storage Optimization in the Warehouse
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Storage Optimization in the WarehouseSmall Items - can choose:
- bin shelving
- storage drawers
- flow rack (*)
- horizontal carousels
- vertical carousels
- mini AS/RS (automated storage and retrieval system)
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Storage for Large Items / Pallets
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQnOkYn0sa8
Stacking Frames
Single Deep (Selective) Rack Double-Deep Rack
Floor Storage (Stacking)
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Storage for Large Items / Pallets
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNzSzO8tc24&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjmIihLiyl4&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6rr6tYt2PXM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VqUt7Iw3AKs&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jV2zLKtoTfw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=diO90lex6yAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Se0nCDiMcGw&NR=1
Drive-In Rack Pallet Flow Rack
Mobile Pallet RackPallet Flow Push Back Rack
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Storage for Small Items
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x_70BimxB9M&feature=related
Bin Shelving Storage Drawers
Carton Flow Rack
Mezzanine
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Storage for Small Items
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTo1oVEbVoY&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YHcu5bukV5U&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_yXThsnSbM&feature=related
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7892540209753292755&ei=3XV1S--4OJqOqgLspenhBw&q=floor+storage+systems&hl=en#
Vertical Carousels
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SDqyk4hhb1s
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kdVet_UOx30
Horizontal Carousels
Mini Load ASRS
Automated Dispensing Systems
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Storage Optimization in the Warehouse2. Assign each item its optimal allocation of space.
Decide to create a “forward area” separate from the reserve
picking area for those items that generate a majority of pick
requests.
Pros:
- short travel times to pick
- greater picking productivity
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Storage Optimization in the Warehouse3. Assign the most popular items to the most easily
accessed locations in the warehouse • A minority of the items (“A” Segment or fast movers)
generate the majority of picking activity.
• Set them in picking areas that are easiest to pick from
and yield highest picking productivity (the Golden Zone)
and at hip level.
• The most popular items to the most easily accessed
locations in the warehouse
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Order PickingHuman Work Elements include:
• Traveling to/from/between pick locations.
• Extracting times from storage locations.
• Reaching/bending to access pick points
• Document picking transactions
• Sorting items into orders
• Packing times
• Searching for pick locations
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Order PickingPicker working time distribution (typical)
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Order PickingItem-Order completion Distribution
(A few items complete a large % of the order)
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Improving Order Picking
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Summary• Logistics and Supply Chain Management Definitions
• Concept of Profiles and Data Mining
Idea: get as much information of what goes on in the supply
chain with respect to the the flow of material, information and
money, by means of data “snapshots” to discover trends and
therefore, opportunities for improvements.
• Each of the five logistics activities is quite complex.
• Requires much planning and analysis to achieve cost
effectiveness.
• Focused on warehouse and picking activities and gave some
principles
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Typical Transportation Flow and Terminology
SHIPPER pays CARRIER to transport CARGO from an ORIGIN to a DESTINATION.
CONSIGNEE receives the cargo and the payment made to the carrier is called a FREIGHT PAYMENT.
The document describing and contracting the movement of goods is called a BILL OF LADING.
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Typical Transportation Flow and TerminologyCarrier can be:
EXPRESS/PARCEL CARRIER
(FedEx, UPS)
LESS-THAN-TRUCKLOAD TRUCKING COMPANY
(Yellow Freight, Estes)
FULL-TRUCKLOAD TRUCKING COMPANY
(Schneider, JB Hunt)
OCEAN LINER
(Maersk, P & O Nedlloyd, Hanjin),
RAILROAD
(CSX, Florida East Coast, Union Pacific)
AIR CARRIER
(DHL, UPS, BAX Global or a PRIVATE FLEET)
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Typical Transportation Flow and Terminology
Cargo is housed in a CONTAINER (trailer, railcar, ocean container) for transportation.
Moved by a MOTOR VEHICLE (tractor, locomotive,
airplane or ocean vessel). Cargo moves between various LOGISTICS
FACILITIES (warehouses, terminals, distribution centers, ports).
Arrangement and location of logistics facilities is
called TRANSPORTATION NETWORK. A SHIPMENT is one or more orders traveling together.
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Video
Loading Docks
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References• Frazelle, Edward “Supply Chain Strategy” McGraw Hill 2002.
• Logistics Trends – Achieving Supply Chain Integration: Denali
Consulting