1

NAPA implementation in practice – current status of the NAPA implementation in practice – current status of the LDCF portfolioLDCF portfolio

Prepared for

LEG stocktaking meeting on the National Adaptation Programmes of Action 3-5 September, 2007

by Bonizella Biagini, Cluster Coordinator

Climate Change, Adaptation

Global Environment Facility

2

LDCFLDCF – Operational Principles and Priorities – Operational Principles and Priorities

Scope of the LDCF:– Support for the Preparation of NAPAs (almost completed)

– Support for the Implementation of NAPAs to finance the urgent and immediate adaptation needs in Least Developed Countries as identified in completed National Adaptation Plan of Actions (NAPAs) (ongoing)

Priority Areas, as identified by the NAPAs:Water Resources;

Food Security and Agriculture;

Health;

Disaster Preparedness and Risk Management;

Coastal zone management and Infrastructure;

Natural Resource Management;

Community Level Adaptation.

3

First Ten Projects submitted for NAPA Implementation First Ten Projects submitted for NAPA Implementation under the LDCFunder the LDCF

Bangladesh Community Based Adaptation to CC through Coastal Afforestation, UNDP, $3M

Bhutan Reduce CC-induced Risks and Vulnerabilities from Glacial Lake Outbursts in the Punakha-Wangdi and Chamkar Valleys, UNDP, $3.6M

Cambodia Building Capacities to Integrate Water Resources Planning in Agricultural Development, UNDP, $1.8M

Djibouti Reducing impacts and vulnerability of coastal productive systems in Djibouti, UNEP, $2M

Eritrea Integrating Climate Change Risks into Community Based Livestock Management in the Northwestern Lowlands of Eritrea, UNDP, $3M

Malawi Climate Adaptation for Rural Livelihoods and Agriculture (CARLA), AfDB, $3M

Mauritania Reducing Vulnerability of Arid Oasian Zones to Climate Change through Improved Watershed Management, UNEP, $1.3M

Niger Implementing NAPA Priories to Build Resilience and Adapt. Capacity of the Agriculture Sector to CC in Niger, UNDP, $2M

Samoa Integrated Climate Change Adaptation in Samoa , UNDP, $2M

Sudan Implementing NAPA priority interventions to build resilience in the agriculture and water sectors to the adverse impacts of climate change in Sudan, UNDP, $3M

total expected allocation from LDCF/GEF (incl. fees and prep.): $28.4M

4

Distribution of projects submitted under the LDCF Distribution of projects submitted under the LDCF by region and by sectorby region and by sector

LDCF - Regional distributionTotal LDCF $28.44 million

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

AFR Asia

Mill

ion

$

LDCF - Distribution on sectorsTotal LDCF $28.44 million

Agricultural/Water

management $16.50 million

Disaster management,

3.98 million

Cross Sectoral

5.69 million

Coastal zone management,

2.27 million

5

Bangladesh:Bangladesh: Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change

through Coastal Afforestation (LDCF)through Coastal Afforestation (LDCF)

LDCF/GEF $3.00M

CC Vulnerabilities: Sea level rise and saltwater intrusion makes

former agricultural land uninhabitable/non productive

Rising frequency of storms and floods poses risks to infrastructure and life in the coastal zone

↓Adaptation Actions: Pilots implemented at community level

– Forest management and mangrove/wetland restoration natural coastal protection

– Innovative ways of securing potable water

– Promotion of alternative livelihoods Improving institutional and technical

capacity, including Early Warning Systems↓

Outcomes: Reduced risk of hunger, migration and

conflict over reduced resources Reduced loss of life and infrastructure from

climate change induced disasters

6

Bhutan: Bhutan: Reduce CC-induced Risks and Vulnerabilities from Reduce CC-induced Risks and Vulnerabilities from Glacial Lake Outbursts in the Punakha-Wangdi and Glacial Lake Outbursts in the Punakha-Wangdi and

Chamkar Valleys (LDCF)Chamkar Valleys (LDCF)

LDCF/GEF $3.64M

CC Vulnerabilities: Glacial lakes reaches critical threshold as

Himalayan glaciers melt massive flashfloods in river valleys

↓Adaptation Actions: Increase disaster risk management capacity

in affected valleys Artificial lowering of water level in glacial

lakes Creation of an Early Warning System for

glacial flashfloods ↓

Outcomes: Decreased risk of massive destruction from

glacial flash floods Limitation of human and economic loss

if/when catastrophic flash floods occur

7

Cambodia:Cambodia: Building Capacities to Integrate Water Resources Building Capacities to Integrate Water Resources

Planning in Agricultural Development (LDCF)Planning in Agricultural Development (LDCF)

LDCF/GEF $1.85M

CC Vulnerabilities: Increased drought and/or flooding poses risk

to agricultural sector and food security↓

Adaptation Actions: Training of ‘adaptation experts’ in

agricultural extension teams Implementation of pilot projects in local

communities – Rainwater harvesting techniques – Measures to decrease soil erosion and

preserve genetic diversity in rice agriculture

– Changed design of reservoirs and irrigation channels to prevent risks from increased peak flows

Lessons learned disseminated to national and international levels

↓Outcomes: Increased food security and sustainable

agricultural development Reduced risks of climate induced disasters

8

Djibouti:Djibouti: Reducing Impacts and Vulnerability of Coastal Reducing Impacts and Vulnerability of Coastal

Productive Systems in DjiboutiProductive Systems in DjiboutiLDCF/GEF $2M

CC Vulnerabilities: Decreasing availability of fresh water caused

by decreasing rainfall and salt water intrusion Increasing risk of coastal erosion and

inundation Increasing frequencies of flash floods

↓Adaptation Actions: Rehabilitation of natural coastal buffers such

as mangroves and coral reefs. Provision of alternate livelihood options to relieve the root causes of destruction of coastal buffers.

Strengthened Early Warning System, and improved disaster management capacity

Increased institutional capacity to implement integrated coastal zone management, including CC effects on productive coastal systems, in particular in the water, fisheries and coastal agriculture sectors.

↓Outcomes: Reduced risks of climate induced disasters Reduced impact of CC on productivity and

food security in coastal communities

9

Eritrea:Eritrea: Integrating Climate Change Risks into Community Integrating Climate Change Risks into Community Based Livestock Management in the Northwestern Based Livestock Management in the Northwestern

Lowlands of EritreaLowlands of EritreaLDCF/GEF $3M

CC Vulnerabilities: Increased frequency of seasonal and multi-

year droughts reduced productivity of pastoralist systems decreasing food security for an already marginalized group.

↓Adaptation Actions: Pilot demonstrations of improved water and

forage management systems which incorporate the effects of CC

Improved dissemination of short to medium term climate forecasts to pastoral communities

Promotion of alternative and/or supplemental livelihoods for pastoral communities

Capacity building for agricultural extension service to better understand water and forage management in the context of CC

↓Outcomes: Food security and sustainable development

for pastoral communities Reduced competition for water resources

between agriculturalists and pastoralists in the face of increasing water stresses.

10

Malawi:Malawi:Climate Adaptation from Rural Livelihoods and Climate Adaptation from Rural Livelihoods and

Agriculture (LDCF)Agriculture (LDCF)

LDCF/GEF amount:: $3.00 million

CC Vulnerabilities: Drought and rainfall variability will pose

risks to the agricultural sector and food security

↓Adaptation Actions: Targeted adaptation pilots including

– Crop diversification– Improved cropping sequences– Conservation tillage– Irrigation and efficient water use– Food storage

Creation of an enabling environment for Climate Risk Management

– Policy development and implementation

– Institutional coordination– Generation of knowledge and

awareness raising ↓

Outcomes: Increased food security and sustainable

agricultural development

11

Mauritania:Mauritania: Reducing Vulnerability of Arid Oasian Zones to Climate Reducing Vulnerability of Arid Oasian Zones to Climate Change and Variability through Improved Watershed Change and Variability through Improved Watershed

Management (LDCF)Management (LDCF)

LDCF/GEF amount:: $1.33 million

CC vulnerabilities: Decreasing rainfall combined with poor

water management poor recharging of vital ground water aquifers and oasian zones

↓Adaptation Actions: Demonstration projects to improve capacity

and awareness for sustainable water management

– Run-off dikes to capture rainfall– Promotion of water efficient

technologies– Dissemination of ‘drip irrigation’

techniques Building codes to prevent building of

structures on ground water recharge zones Policy and institutional support to improve

long term planning in water management↓

Outcomes: Sustainable availability of water for

agriculture, domestic use and tourism purposes

12

Niger:Niger: Implementing NAPA Priority Interventions to Build Implementing NAPA Priority Interventions to Build

Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of the Agriculture Resilience and Adaptive Capacity of the Agriculture Sector to Climate Change in Niger (LDCF)Sector to Climate Change in Niger (LDCF)

LDCF/GEF amount:: $2.00 million

CC Vulnerabilities: Decreasing rainfall and increasing

temperatures limits productivity of both agriculture and pastoralism reduced food security and land degradation

↓Adaptation Actions: Pilot measures implemented at community

level– Water harvesting techniques– Introduction of drought resistant

varieties of local crops– Facilitation of food banks– Promotion of irrigation from the Niger

River Institutional support for the agricultural

sector– Distribution of seasonal forecasts and

extension services to farmers↓

Outcomes: Increased food security and sustainable

agricultural development

13

Samoa:Samoa:Integrated Climate Change Adaptation in Samoa Integrated Climate Change Adaptation in Samoa

(LDCF)(LDCF)

LDCF/GEF amount:: $2.00 million

CC Vulnerabilities: Sea Level Rise loss of land and salt

intrusion into freshwater loss of livelihood

Increased storm activity flooding, loss of life, crops and infrastructure

Increasing frequencies of climate related health problems

Increasing intensity of both rainfall and drought loss of crops and agricultural productivity

↓Adaptation Actions: Improvement of health sector capacity Pilot measures on agriculture and food

security Improving and disseminating seasonal

forecasts Improvement of Early Warning System

↓Outcomes: Decreased loss of life to tropical disease Increased food and water security Decreased loss of life and livelihood from

climate disaster events

14

Sudan:Sudan:Implementing NAPA priority interventions to build Implementing NAPA priority interventions to build

resilience in the agriculture and water sectors to the resilience in the agriculture and water sectors to the adverse impacts of climate change in Sudanadverse impacts of climate change in Sudan

LDCF/GEF amount:: $2.00 million

CC Vulnerabilities: Decreasing annual rainfall, increasing

rainfall variability and temperatures agro-climatic zones shift southwards small scale rain fed farmers unable to sustain current production levels

↓Adaptation Actions: Pilot measures implemented locally,

including:– Improved water harvesting, storage, and

small scale irrigation techniques– Introduction of new heat and drought tolerant

plant varieties– Planting of wind barriers and trees along

irrigation canals– Rehabilitation of vegetation cover and

rangelands Improved Early Warning System, and

capacity building at local and national levels

Outcomes: Increased food security and sustainable

agricultural development

15

LDCFLDCF – Expected submissions – Expected submissions

Burundi Burkina Faso Ethiopia Haiti Liberia Rwanda Zambia

Will be submitted before the next LDCF/SCCF council meeting

16

LDCFLDCF – Operational and Programming – Operational and Programming Experience: Positive RemarksExperience: Positive Remarks

On NAPA implementation: 10 projects have been submitted to the GEF More projects are expected in the next few months We are overall satisfied by both the level of

resources that are currently available and the positive response from the LDCs;

The LDCs and the Agencies have appreciated the special options available for the LDCF (such as MSPs up to $2 million);

17

LDCFLDCF – Operational and Programming – Operational and Programming Experience: ChallengesExperience: Challenges

General issue of integrating adaptation measures into development plans, programs and projects

Different baselines and in country capacity Prioritization: one or more sectors? Need for much more frequent interactions with GEF

Agencies and upstream consultations and direct involvement of GEF

Costs of adaptation Comparative advantage Adamant linkage between adaptation and development:

expected increased role of regional development banks and other development-related agencies

18

LDCFLDCF – Existing Resources – Existing Resources and Projected Needsand Projected Needs

$150 million mobilized insofar Initial targeted resources for NAPA implementation

$124 million As $10 million were utilized for NAPA preparation => $140 are available for projects –we have already

exceeded the initial target! GEF continues to mobilize funds Pledges continue to come

19

Thank youThank you

GEF Adaptation-related papers www.thegef.org

GEF projects database:www.gefonline.org