1 nia sutton becta total cost of ownership of ict in schools
TRANSCRIPT
1
Nia Sutton
Becta
Total Cost of Ownership of ICT
in schools
2
Overview
• Towards sustainability
• Overview of TCO methodology
• Preliminary results
• Future work
3
Background
• Capital investment v revenue model• Literature review 2002
http://www.becta.org.uk/research/reports/docs/tco.pdfSummaryhttp://www.becta.org.uk/research/reports/tco.cfm
– Uses of TCO– Identifying costs– Models to use– Implementing TCO– Commercial v education situations
• Becta research projects
4
TCO in US schools(Source: New Jersey School Study 1997)
Training & professional development
13%
Support34%
Hardware, Networks &
Software53%
TCO in US schools (Source: California Education Department)
Software & Learning Resources
27%
Training & professional development
10%
Support & Maintenance
23% Hardware & Networks
40%
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Sustainability
• To ensure that consideration of the total life-time cost of ICT is embedded into an institution’s financial and strategic planning
• To support schools in maximising their return on investment through the provision of practical tools
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What is TCO?
• All the costs associated with ICT infrastructure and use
• Visible costs– hardware, software, training, maintenance
• Invisible costs– staff self support
– management overheads
– time lost due to problems
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Becta TCO methodology
• Objectives
– To examine and compare the total cost and effectiveness of different approaches to providing, supporting and maintaining ICT infrastructure
– To develop the methodology
– To provide a tool to assist school leaders in quantifying the total costs of sustaining an ICT infrastructure
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HardwareHardware
NetworksNetworksSoftwareSoftware
Technology
FormalSupport
FormalSupport
InformalSupport
InformalSupport
Service Levels
Service Levels
Support
User Training
User Training
User Skills
User Competence
User Competence
UsageUsage
User Satisfaction
User Satisfaction
QualityQuality
User Experience
ConsumablesConsumables
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ManagementOutcomes
ManagementOutcomes
Outcomes
Educational Outcomes
Educational Outcomes
HardwareHardware
NetworksNetworksSoftwareSoftware
Technology
FormalSupport
FormalSupport
InformalSupport
InformalSupport
Service Levels
Service Levels
Support
User Training
User Training
User Skills
User Competence
User Competence
UsageUsage
User Satisfaction
User Satisfaction
QualityQuality
User Experience
ConsumablesConsumables
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Institution data
• Context
• Employment costs
• Internet related services
• Hardware
• Software
• Networks
• Consumables
• Support
• Service Levels
• ICT training
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Six pilot schools
• Shropshire– small rural primary– small rural secondary
• Birmingham– large urban primary– large urban secondary
• Hampshire– medium secondary– medium junior – (cluster)
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Working with schools
• Researcher attached to each school• Initial meeting with head teacher• Data gathered by school• Supply cover • 2/3 visits by researcher• Feedback meeting• Final report
Shropshiresmall rural:
primary
secondary
Birminghamlarge urban:
primary
secondary
HampshireMedium secondary
Medium junior
(cluster)
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Results from all 6 schools
• Not statistically significant
• Give in depth information about individual institutions
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Total Cost of Ownership per Personal Computer(£ per year)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
A B C D E F
Pilot A
vera
ge
User self-support
Formal support
User training
Consumables
Network
Software
Hardware
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Total Cost of Ownership per Pupil(£ per year)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
A B C D E F PilotAverage
User self-support
Formal support
User training
Consumables
Network
Software
Hardware
18
Total Cost of Ownership per Pupil(£ per year)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
A B C D E F PilotAverage
User self-support
Formal support
User training
Consumables
Network
Software
Hardware
Investment vs. SupportInvestment vs. Support
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Total Cost of Ownership per Pupil(£ per year)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
A B C D E F PilotAverage
User self-support
Formal support
User training
Consumables
Network
Software
Hardware
Keeping old equipment runningKeeping old equipment running
20
Total Cost of Ownership per Pupil(£ per year)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
A B C D E F PilotAverage
User self-support
Formal support
User training
Consumables
Network
Software
Hardware
Consumable costsConsumable costs
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Support Costs per Pupil(£ per year)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
A B C D E F PilotAverage
User effort
External support
In-house support
Internal vs. External SupportInternal vs. External Support
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Contact Time Disrupted due to ICT Problems(minutes per teacher per week)
11.7
6.6
13.1
24.7
5.3
10.011.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
A B C D E F PilotAverage
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Use of ICT during Contact Hours
19% 20%
14%
34%
19%
15%
20%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
A B C D E F PilotAverage
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Time spent on Self Support (mins per person per week)
42.5
17.2
54.8
43.2
16.3
55.0
38.2
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
A B C D E F PilotAverage
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Total Annual Expenditure on ICT
Hardware28%
Software6%
Network8%
Consumables7%
User training3%
Formal support25%
User self-support23%
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Hardware28%
Software7%
Network5%
Consumables8%
User Training1%
Formal Support
30%
User Self Support
21%Hardware
27%
Software2%
Network23%Consumables
5%
User Self Support
20%
Formal Support
14%
User Training9%
Primary Secondary
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The impact of different models of technical support on TCO
• Technical support24 schools in 4 categories
• In-house support• Cluster support• Supplier contracted support• LEA contracted support
• Future work– Development of online TCO tool to record, compare and
model costs– Development for use in the FE sector
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Contact Details
• Website: http://ipas.ngfl.gov.uk• Tel: 02476 847 190• Fax: 01332 348 776• email: [email protected]
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Nia Sutton
Becta
Total Cost of Ownership of ICT
in schools
30
Total Cost of Ownership per Pupil(£ per year)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Educational Admin Greet Overall Pilot Average
User self-support
Formal support
User training
Consumables
Network
Software
Hardware
31
Quality Measures(averages per user)
1.0
13.1
18.3
1.4
30.0 30.0
1.0
13.1
19.2
1.6
10.0
16.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
No. of ICT problems per userper week
Contact time disrupted due toproblems (minutes per week)
All working time lost due toproblems (minutes per week)
EducationalAdminGreet OverallPilot Average
Range 5.3 – 24.7 mins
Average 11.9 mins
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Staff Confidence in the Use of ICT in their jobs
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Haddon PrimarySchool, Carlton,
NottinghamCurriculum
Haddon PrimarySchool, Carlton,
Nottingham Admin
Haddon PrimarySchool, Carlton,
NottinghamOverall
All PrimarySchools
Very High
High
OK
Low
Very Low
Curriculum Admin OverallPilotAverage