1 norned submarine cable conference on electric cables algeria 12 november, algiers svein s....
TRANSCRIPT
1
NorNed Submarine Cable
Conference on Electric Cables Algeria 12 November, Algiers
Svein S. Pedersen, Statnett SF
Vice Precident
2
Statnett in brief
•The Norwegian Transmission System Operator
•Established 1992
•Owns and operates one national control centre and three regional control centres
•Owns approx. 9700 km power lines and 130 transformer stations. 420 kV, 300 kV, 132 kV AC. 350 kV DC
•Owns and operates interconnections to four neighbouring countries
•Number of employees : 575
•Turnover 2004: 800 mill USD
•Statnett SF is a state-owned enterprise administrated by the Ministry of Petroluem
and Energy
3
Ongoing Submarine Cable Projects in Statnett
Statnett Projects• NorNed: Norway- Netherlands,
450 kV HVDC, 580 km, 700 MW. 2 core cable and 2 single cables• Ormen Lange, Norway
420 kV HVAC, 4 km, 1000 MW. First 420 kV PEX insulated submarin cable
External Projects• Mallorca-Ibiza, Spain. 2 cables: Mallorca-Ibiza and Ibiza-
Formentera
150 kV HVDC/132 kV HVAC and 66 kV HVAC, 117 and 24 km, 100 MW and 50 MW resp.
• Valhall Offshore Platform, Norway-North Sea.
150 kV HVDC light, 290 km, 80 MW. with integrated return conductor
4
Statnett
The NorNed project – some facts
• 700 MW HVDC cable between Norway (Feda) and the
Netherlands (Eemshaven)
• TSO cooperation between Statnett and TenneT
– Investment decision end 2004
– Regulated interconnector - included in main grids
– Market coupling - Nord Pool and APX
• Cost estimate appr. € 500 mill
• 15-20 % increase in Norway’s import/export
capacity
• In operation from 2007/2008
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Scope is to build and install 580 km submarine cable and two converter installations
Feda Eemshaven
Strømretter N
Strømretter NL
Sjøkabel
580 km
Submarine cable
Converter Converter
BREMERHAVENWILHELMSHAVEN
EMDENLAUWBERSOOG
EMSHAVEN
ESBJERG
FEDA
FARSUND
FLEKKEFJORD
KRISTIANSAND
DENMARK
NORWAY
GERMANY
THE NETHERLANDS
LISTA
VIKING CABLE
PRE-ROUTING REPORT
NORWAY - GERMANY
DRAFT REPORT
ROUTE PROJECT
APPENDIX A1
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History
• Planning started 1994– Based on power exchange agreement between
Statkraft and Sep (NEA)
– Statnett responsible for the northern half of the cable
• Statkraft/NEA agreement terminated January 2004• Statnett and TenneT developed ”new NorNed”
– New parties
– New business model
– ”Old” licences, contracts etc
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NorNed will be valuable for both countries
• Markets with different quite characteristics– Thermal vs hydro
– Different price structures (day, season, year)
• Price differences leading to high trade income
– Improvement in market functionality and security of supply
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Energy in Norway and The Netherlands
• Different challengesNorway
Hydro
Other
The Netherlands
Hydro
Gas
Coal
Nuclear
Wind
Other
The Netherlands:Enough capacity in peak hours
Norway:Enough energy indry years
Flow to NL at peak hours
Flow to Norway atoffpeak hours, more in dry years
• Trade is beneficialDaglig variasjon i nederlandsk forbruk
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
MW
06.jan.04
06.jul.04
Daglig variasjon i forbruk i Norge
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
20 000
MW
06.01.2004
06.07.2004
Norwegian daily consumption Dutch daily consumption
Winter
Summer
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Great variation in generation in Norway
Normal
Wet years
Dry years90
10
TWh
120
150
Import
Export
Today’s grid can import 15-20 TWh in dry years.We need 10-15 TWh in increased capacity.High prices will reduce consumption in dry years.
125
25
35
Consumption
10
90
TWh
150
Import
Export
Normal
Wet years
Dry years
New generation
Consumption
10
TWh
100
160
Normal
Wet years
Dry years
120
Great variation in generation [cont.]
125 125
35
25
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NorNed will generate large trading revenues
• … unlike most grid investments• … because the prices vary in totally different patterns
Kraftpriser 2/ 2 - 8/ 2, 2004
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1 8 15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 106
113
120
127
134
141
148
155
162
NO
K/M
Wh
Nederland Norge Differanse
Power prices
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NorNed will increase market liquidity
• Increased supply to the Dutch market at peak hours will reduce peak prices– More competition to existing generators, more fair
prices to consumers
– Reduced frequency of price spikes. Will in itself contribute to increased liquidity because of lower risk exposure for traders
– More stable prices will reduce the exposure to high imbalance costs. Will be a benefit for potential ”independent” investors in new generation
Source:APX
13
NorNed will improve security of supply
• Public and political concern for security of supply (SoS)• Many sources and scenarios can lead to low SoS• NorNed represents a diversified, alternative source of supply
for both Norway and The Netherlands• Norway will benefit from import of energy in dry years• The Netherlands will benefit from import of power capacity in
peak hours– Norway is able to deliver
– New capacity (MW) can be installed at low cost in existing hydro stations
• The Nordic region has proven expeience from DC-links– DC is preferential, because flows can be fully controlled
14
NorNed is environmentally friendly
• Many environmental benefits– Import of green hydro power from Norway
• NorNed will reduce spill of water and stimulate to new investments
– NorNed facilitate development of renewables• Wind power in NL will benefit from quick regulating ability
of the hydrosystem• Possibility to build more wind power in Norway (where
there is more wind and less people)
– Reduced CO2-emissions from Dutch generators • More efficient use of plants because of reduced daily
variation in output from plants
• Few environmental problems– Neglible visual impact, no emissions, no pollution
to sea, neglible magnetic field from two-core cables
15
Business model
• NorNed will be part of the main grid• Costs and income split 50/50 between Statnett and
TenneT– Costs covered by main grid tariff, subject to ordinary
regulation
– Income included in Statnetts allowed income
– Expected net reduction in tariff about 10 mill €/year
• Day ahead trade through market coupling– Capacity utilization determined by price differences in
day ahead markets
• System services traded by TSOs– Reserve power
– Emergency reserves
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A new standard ?
1. Process– Cooperation between independent TSOs
– Decision based on cost/benefit evaluation
2. Regulated interconnector, included in the main grid
3. Market coupling
An innovative solution in a European context …– in line with EU preferences
… and still well known within Nordel
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European perspective
The Nordic market
The British market
The Iberian market The Italian
market
The South-East European market
The Baltic market
The Core market
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Concluding remarks
• The project has a sound business modell
• The fundamentals in the energy markets will make this a profitable investment for both countries
• A good cooperation between the Dutch and Norwegian Transmision System Operaters
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Norway and Submarine Cables
• Between 1400 and 1500 submarine cables in Norway• The oldest one in function was installed 1930• Statnett has today appr. 500 km of submarine cables• Until year 2000, Statnett had its own cable laying vessel,
“Skagerrak”• Statnett has operated HVDC submarine cables since 1976 • Nexans factory for submarine cables is placed in Norway
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NorNed kabel HVDC ConvertersThyristor Valve
Thyristor
Thyristor module
Thyristor valve 6 valves, each appr 15m height
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NorNed kabel HVDC Converters Transformers
3 Transformer units Each side (Spares in addition)
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NorNed kabel HVDC Converters Shunt capacitors and filters
AC harmonic filters
DC smoothing reactor
23
Location of Converter Site
Site
Tunnel
24
Site Preparation Scope (approximate /preliminary figures)
• Clearing of 25,000 m2 wood and vegetation• Removal of 80,000 m3 till and soil• Blasting of 60,000 m3 rock• Filling and compaction of 55,000 m3 rock mass• 1 km road construction• Drainage trenches• Retaining walls• Erosion protection• Landscaping
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Tunnel route
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Microtunnels
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N102/N103 HVDC Cable Supply- Shallow Section
• Scope: Overview
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HVDC Cable Supply- Shallow Section
• Supply:– 270 km of two core mass-
impregnated cable (2x790 mm2)
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N102/N103 HVDC Cable Supply- Shallow Section
• Supply:
– 2 x150 km of single core mass-impregnated cable (1x700 mm2)
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N102/N103 HVDC Cable Supply- Shallow Section
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Scope of Work
• Engineering• Sea trials deep trenching• Sea trials laying vessel• Pre-lay survey and route preparations• Pre-lay dredging (Dutch nearshore)• Cable laying• Trenching and as-trenched survey• Rock dumping and as-dumped survey• As-built documentation
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MAIN CHALLENGES
• Microtunnels landfall Norway
• Narrow and deep Fedafjord
• Deep Norwegian Trench
• Some areas with hard seabed in the flat and shallow sections further south
• Several crossings
• Intense trawling in the south
• Ship lane crossings
• Instable seabed Eems Estuary
• Schedule restrictions Waddensea
• Shallow area 20 km from landfall
• Dike crossing Dutch landfall
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Crossings
WEST BANK
MONKEY BANK
TURBOT BANK
LITTLE FISHER BANK
OLDELBEVALLEY
HORNS REV
WADDENZEE
TyCom
UK DENMARK 4
BORKUM
SCHIERMONNIKOOG
ALTE MELLUMWANGEROOGE
HELGOLAND
NORDERNEY
SCHARHÖRN
SYLT
GERMANY
THE NETHERLANDS
DENMARK
NORWAY
KRISTIANSAND
FLEKKEFJORD
LISTA FARSUND
EMDEN
WILHELMSHAVEN
BREMERHAVEN
EEMSHAVEN
LAUWERSOOG
KVINESDAL
CUXHAVEN
BRUNSBÜTTEL
KP 25
KP 50
KP 75
KP 100
KP 125
KP 150
KP 175
KP 200
KP 225
KP 250
KP 275
KP 300
KP 325
KP 350
KP 375
KP 400
KP 425
KP 450
KP 475
KP 500
KP 525
KP 550
KP 575
58 N
57 N
56 N
55 N
54 N
5 E
6 E
7 E
8 E
E 6
00 0
00
E 7
00 0
00
E 8
00 0
00
E 9
00 0
00
N 6 000 000
N 6 100 000
N 6 200 000
N 6 300 000
N 6 400 000
-100
-200-300
-400
-500
-100
-40
-40
-40
-40
-50
-50-50
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-50
DENMARK
NORNED KABEL HVDC PROJECT
OVERVIEW MAP
CABLE ROUTE EEMSHAVEN - FEDA
LEGEND
TELECOM CABLE IN USE
PLANNED TELECOM CABLE
HVDC CABLE IN USE
GAS PIPELINE
OIL PIPELINE
EUROPEAN DATUM (ED 50)
UTM ZONE 31
PRINTED: 15.03.04
ATLANTIC CROSSING
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 km
34
Landfall operation
35
ROV BASED WATER JETTING TRENCHER
36
ROCK DUMPING VESSEL