1. Emerging Technology in Networking, Visualization, Interfaces.

is a trademark of Oracle Corporation that was used, from approximately 1996 to 2000, to market a range of diskless desktop computer devices. The devices were designed and manufactured by an alliance, which included Sun Microsystems, IBM, and others. The devices were designed with minimum specifications, based on the Network Computer Reference Profile. The brand was also employed as a marketing term to try to popularize this design of computer within enterprise and among consumers.

Today, is also used somewhat interchangeably to describe a diskless desktop computer or a thin client.

The NC brand was mainly intended to denote and forecast a range of desktop computers from various suppliers that, by virtue of their diskless design and use of inexpensive components and software, were cheaper and easier to manage than standard fat client desktops. However, due to the commoditization of standard desktop components, and due to the increasing availability and popularity of various software options for using full desktops as diskless nodes, thin clients, and hybrid clients, the Network Computer brand never achieved the popularity hoped for by Oracle and was eventually mothballed.

Competition Because many NCs did not use Intel CPUs or

Microsoft software, Microsoft and Intel developed a competing standard called NetPC.

NC standards and drafts Reference Profile

The initial Network Computing standard, the Network Computer Reference Profile, required that all 'NC' appliances supported HTML, Java, HTTP, JPEG, and other key standards.

The failure of the NC to impact on the scale predicted by Larry Ellison may have been caused by a number of factors.

Firstly, prices of PCs quickly fallen below $1000, making the competition very hard.

Secondly, the software available for NCs was neither mature nor open.

Thirdly, the idea could simply have been ahead of its time, as at the NC's launch in 1996, the typical home Internet connection was only a 28.8 kbit/s modem dialup. This was simply insufficient for the delivery of executable content. The world wide web itself was not considered mainstream until its breakout year, 1998. Prior to this, very few Internet service providers advertised in mainstream press (at least outside of the USA), and knowledge of the Internet was limited. This could have held back uptake of what would be seen as a very niche device with no (then) obvious appeal.

Ironically, NCs ended up being used as the very 'dumb terminals' they were intended to replace, as the proprietary backend infrastructure is not readily available. 1990s era NCs are often network-booted into a minimal Unix with X, to serve as X terminal. While NC purists may consider this to be a suboptimal use of NC hardware, the NCs work well as terminals, and are considerably cheaper than purpose-built terminal hardware.

We have designed, installed, and supported network based systems that range from small desktop environments typical of a small business office environment to enterprise level deployments supporting large corporations. Our knowledge and expertise in this area is what sets us apart from the typical systems integration company particularly in the field of electronic security. Many corporations are utilizing a dedicated network to support all of their security related systems. The dedicated security network offers many advantages to our customers including highly secure remote system support with no overlap of data access to confidential business information. Secure remote access keeps us just a phone call away in the event support is needed for any system.

Connecting the components

1 - Networked computer2 - Network hub3 - HP Jetdirect print server4 - HP all-in-one

Step one: Connecting the components to the networkConnect the all-in-one to the HP print server as shown below. If possible, do not

place any routers, switches, or patch panels between the print server and the computer or the print server may not be detected.

Step two: Installing the all-in-one softwareInstall the all-in-one software following the steps below. Do not install the

print server software. The networking software is included with the all-in-one installation software. There may be slight differences depending on the version of the all-in-one software and the Windows version.

1. After connecting the components to the network, allow three to five minutes to pass. Then print a test page from the HP Jetdirect print server by pressing the Test button on the print server. This will verify that the connection between the print server and the all-in-one is working and will list the network information for the print server. Note the IP address on the second page.

2. Insert the all-in-one product CD into the CD-ROM drive. If the software does not start automatically, click Start , click Run , and then type:(D):\Setup.exe (where "D" is the CD-ROM drive letter. Click OK to continue.

3. The software installation start menu will appear. Click the option to install the software.

4. A Welcome screen may appear. Click Next to continue if a Welcome screen appears.5. If a HP Software License Agreement screen appears, accept the agreement by clicking Yes to continue.

6. The setup type menu should appear, review the options available.

Obtaining software and steps before installing

There are a number of tasks that should be completed before the all-in-one software is installed.

Obtain the latest software version for your version of Windows. The software for the HP Officejet G series has been updated several times as new versions of Windows became available or as problems were corrected. Only the HP Officejet G95 software download includes the networking software. This software may also be used with HP Officejet G85 series models or a new software CD-ROM can be ordered. CD-ROM ordering information is available on the HP software download pages or contact HP by phone or email for assistance.If the HP all-in-one software was previously installed, it must be uninstalled before a new version can be installed, the connection method is changed, or the version of Windows is changed. Uninstall the software using the uninstall option in the product folder or by following the information in HP document Uninstalling the HP All-in-One Software (bpu01843).If the cable connection to the all-in-one changes from parallel to USB or USB to parallel, the power cord to the all-in-one must be disconnected.

Equipment:•Network Drops•Electrical Outlets•Wireless Network

Access•Teaching Podium•Networked Computer•Mounted Projector•Laptop Accomodations•DVD/VCR•Document Camera•Computer for each Seat

Networking - when 2 or more computers talk to each other to share information or resources. Back in the 80's one computer magazine ruled the newstands - PC Magazine. In there every week, two editors, Seymour and Dvorak would argue about the merits of networked computers vs. the standalone. Well, eventually the networked computer won out. Today, it is hard to even imagine for a second, buying a computer and making it "standalone" without connection to "THE" network - the Internet.

A personal digital assistant (PDA), also known as a palmtop computer, is a mobile device which functions as a personal information manager and has the ability to connect to the internet.

The PDA has an electronic visual display enabling it to include a web browser, but some newer models also have audio capabilities, enabling them to be used as mobile phones or portable media players.

Many PDAs can access the internet, intranets or extranets via Wi-Fi, or Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs). Many PDAs employ touch screen technology.

Typical featuresTypical features Currently, a typical PDA has touch screen for entering

data, a memory card slot for data storage and at least one of the following for connectivity: IrDA, Bluetooth and/or WiFi. However, many PDAs (typically those used primarily as telephones) may not have a touch screen, using softkeys, a directional pad and either the numeric keypad or a thumb keyboard for input.

Software typically required to be a PDA includes an appointment calendar, a to-do list, an address book for contacts and some sort of note program. Connected PDAs also typically include E-mail and Web support.

Many of the original PDAs, such as the Apple Newton and Palm Pilot, featured touchscreen for user interaction, having only a few buttons usually reserved for shortcuts to often used programs. Touch screen PDAs, including Windows Mobile devices, usually have a detachable stylus that can be used on the touch screen. Interaction is then done by tapping the screen to activate buttons or menu choices, and dragging the stylus to, for example, highlight. Text input is usually done in one of four ways:

.

Using a virtual keyboard, where a keyboard is shown on the touch screen. Input is done by tapping letters on the screen.

Using external keyboard or chorded keyboard connected by USB, IR or Bluetooth.

Using letter or word recognition, where letters or words are written on the touch screen, and then "translated" to letters in the currently activated text field. Despite rigorous research and development projects, end-users experience mixed results with this input method, with some finding it frustrating and inaccurate, while others are satisfied with the quality. Recognition and computation of handwritten horizontal and vertical formulas such as "1 + 2 =" was also under development.

Stroke recognition (one Palm implementation is called Graffiti). In this system a predefined set of strokes represents the various characters used in input. The user learns to draw these strokes on the screen or in an input area. The strokes are often simplified character shapes to make them easier for the device to recognize.

PDAs for business use, including the BlackBerry and Palm Treo, have full keyboards and scroll wheels or thumb wheels to facilitate data entry and navigation, in addition to supporting touch-screen input. There are also full-size foldable keyboards available that plug directly, or use wireless technology to interface with the PDA and allow for normal typing. BlackBerry has additional functionality, such as push-based email and applications.

Newer PDAs, such as the Apple iPhone, iPod Touch and Palm Pre include new user interfaces using other means of input. The iPhone and iPod touch uses a technology called Multi-touch, as does the Palm Pre and HTC HD2.

The Palm TX

Memory cards Although many early PDAs did not have memory

card slots now most have either an SD (Secure Digital) and/or a Compact Flash slot. Although originally designed for memory, SDIO and Compact Flash cards are available for such things as Wi-Fi and Webcams. Some PDAs also have a USB port, mainly for USB flash drives. Some PDAs are now compatible with micro SD cards, which are physically much smaller than standard SD cards.

Wired connectivity While many earlier PDAs connected via serial ports

or other proprietary format, many today connect via USB cable. This served primarily to connect to a computer, and few, if any PDAs were able to connect to each other out of the box using cables, as USB requires one machine to act as a host - functionality which was not often planned. Some PDAs were able to connect to the internet, either by means of one of these cables, or by using an extension card with an ethernet port/RJ-45 adaptor.

Wireless Connectivity Most modern PDAs have Bluetooth wireless connectivity, an

increasingly popular tool for mobile devices. It can be used to connect keyboards, headsets, GPS and many other accessories, as well as sending files between PDAs. Many mid-range and superior PDAs have Wi-Fi/WLAN/802.11-connectivity, used for connecting to Wi-Fi hotspots or wireless networks. Older PDAs predominantly have an IrDA (infrared) port; however fewer current models have the technology, as it is slowly being phased out due to support for Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. IrDA allows communication between two PDAs: a PDA and any device with an IrDA port or adapter. Most universal PDA keyboards use infrared technology because many older PDAs have it, and infrared technology is low-cost and has the advantage of being permitted aboard aircraft.

Automobile navigation Ruggedized PDAs Medical and scientific uses Educational uses Sporting uses PDA for people with disabilities

UsesUses

DVD-R read/write side

Media type Optical disc

Capacity

4.7 GB (single-sided, single-layer)8.5 GB (single-sided, double-layer)9.4 GB (double-sided, single-layer)17.08 GB (double-sided, double-layer – rare)

Read mechanism650 nm laser, 10.5 Mbit/s (1×)

Write mechanism 10.5 Mbit/s (1×)

Standard

DVD Forum's DVD Books and DVD+RW Alliance specifications

DVD, also known as Digital Video Disc or Digital Versatile Disc, is an optical disc storage media format, and was invented and developed by Philips, Sony, Toshiba, and Time Warner in 1995. Its main uses are video and data storage. DVDs are of the same dimensions as compact discs (CDs), but are capable of storing more than six times as much data.

Variations of the term DVD often indicate the way data is stored on the discs: DVD-ROM (read only memory) has data that can only be read and not written; DVD-R and DVD+R (recordable) can record data only once, and then function as a DVD-ROM; DVD-RW (re-writable), DVD+RW, and DVD-RAM (random access memory) can all record and erase data multiple times. The wavelength used by standard DVD lasers is 650 nm; thus, the light has a red color.

DVD-Video and DVD-Audio discs refer to properly formatted and structured video and audio content, respectively. Other types of DVDs, including those with video content, may be referred to as DVD Data discs.

The official DVD specification documents have never defined the initialism DVD. Usage in the present day varies, with Digital Versatile Disc, Digital Video Disc, and DVD being the most common.

DVD was originally used as an initialism for the unofficial term digital videodisk.

It was reported in 1995, at the time of the specification finalization, that the letters officially stood for Digital Versatile Disc (due to nonvideo applications)

A newsgroup FAQ written by Jim Taylor (a prominent figure in the industry) claims that four years later, in 1999, the DVD Forum stated that the format name was simply the three letters "DVD" and did not stand for anything.

The DVD Forum website has a section called "DVD Primer" in which the answer to the question, "What does DVD mean?" reads, "The keyword is 'versatile.' Digital Versatile Discs provide superb video, audio and data storage and access—all on one disc.

Capacity and nomenclatureSS = single-sided, DS = double-sided, SL = single-layer, DL = dual-layer

Designation SidesLayers(total)

Diameter

Capacity

(cm) (GB) (GiB)

DVD-1 SS SL 1 1 8 1.46 1.36

DVD-2 SS DL 1 2 8 2.66 2.47

DVD-3 DS SL 2 2 8 2.92 2.72

DVD-4 DS DL 2 4 8 5.32 4.95

DVD-5 SS SL 1 1 12 4.70 4.38

DVD-9 SS DL 1 2 12 8.54 7.95

DVD-10 DS SL 2 2 12 9.40 8.75

DVD-14DS DL/SL

2 3 12 13.24 12.33

DVD-18 DS DL 2 4 12 17.08 15.90

Capacity and nomenclature of (re)writable discs

Designation SidesLayers(total)

Diameter

Capacity

(cm) (GB) (GiB)

DVD-RSS SL (1.0)

1 1 12 3.95 3.68

DVD-RSS SL (2.0)

1 1 12 4.70 4.37

DVD-RW

SS SL 1 1 12 4.70 4.37

DVD+R SS SL 1 1 12 4.70 4.37DVD+RW

SS SL 1 1 12 4.70 4.37

DVD-R DS DL 2 2 12 9.40 8.75DVD-RW

DS DL 2 2 12 9.40 8.75

DVD+R DS DL 2 2 12 9.40 8.75DVD+RW

DS DL 2 2 12 9.40 8.75

DVD-RAM

SS SL 1 1 8 1.46 1.36*

DVD-RAM

DS DL 2 2 8 2.65 2.47*

DVD-RAM

SS SL (1.0)

1 1 12 2.58 2.40

DVD-RAM

SS SL (2.0)

1 1 12 4.70 4.37

DVD-RAM

DS DL (1.0)

2 2 12 5.16 4.80

DVD-RAM

DS DL (2.0)

2 2 12 9.40 8.75*

The basic types of DVD (12 cm diameter, single-sided or homogeneous double-sided) are referred to by a rough approximation of their capacity in gigabytes. In draft versions of the specification, DVD-5 indeed held five gigabytes, but some parameters were changed later on as explained above, so the capacity decreased. Other formats, those with 8 cm diameter and hybrid variants, acquired similar numeric names with even larger deviation.

The 12 cm type is a standard DVD, and the 8 cm variety is known as a MiniDVD. These are the same sizes as a standard CD and a mini-CD, respectively. The capacity by surface (MiB/cm2) varies from 6.92 MiB/cm2 in the DVD-1 to 18.0 MiB/cm2 in the DVD-18.

As with hard disk drives, in the DVD realm, gigabyte and the symbol GB are usually used in the SI sense (i.e., 109, or 1,000,000,000 bytes). For distinction, gibibyte (with symbol GiB) is used (i.e., 230, or 1,073,741,824 bytes). Most computer operating systems display file sizes in gibibytes, mebibytes, and kibibytes, labeled as gigabyte, megabyte, and kilobyte, respectively.

Internal mechanism of a DVD-ROM Drive.

This is about the public worldwide computer network system.

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by a broad array of electronic and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast array of information resources and services, most notably the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support electronic mail.

Most traditional communications media, such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or redefined using the technologies of the Internet, giving rise to services such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and IPTV. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into Web sites, blogging, and web feeds. The Internet has enabled or accelerated the creation of new forms of human interactions through instant messaging, Internet forums, and social networking sites.

The term the Internet, when referring to the Internet, has traditionally been treated as a proper noun and written with an initial capital letter. There is a trend to regard it as a generic term or common noun and thus write it as "the internet", without the capital. The word Internet can be shortened to Net. The term cloud is also for the Internet, especially in the contexts of cloud computing and software as a service.

Having a bunch of computers hooked together just isn't enough anymore. They eventually need to connect to the Internet in some way. That is where ISPs come in to play. Over the past 8 years we have had the privilege of working closely together with both local ISPs,

as they matured from being a local cable company (Shaw) and a local telephone company (MTS) into being our city's two major ISPs. If you need help with any of the following,

Setting up ISP accounts Choosing the type of plan Implementing static IP addresses for Internet facing firewalls Setting up reverse DNS entries Setting up ISP email accounts Altering MX (Mail Exchange) records Changing where your DNS record resides Troubleshooting your Internet connection Changing ISPs

The terms Internet and World Wide Web are often used in everyday speech without much distinction. However, the Internet and the World Wide Web are not one and the same. The Internet is a global data communications system. It is a hardware and software infrastructure that provides connectivity between computers. In contrast, the Web is one of the services communicated via the Internet. It is a collection of interconnected documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs.

THANK YOU..... AND GODBLESS.