1. reading 2. writing 3. listening 4. speaking listening and speaking are used a lot…
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Listening and Speaking are used a lot…
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Writing Reading SpeakingListening
… But not taught enough
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45%
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Writing Reading Speaking Listening
Techniques/styles of ReadingSkimming → FOR GENERAL PURPOSE, to get a gist of something.
To read the document quickly to get the main points or the central idea and skip the details.
Going thru a newspaper/magazineTo preview a book or passage before reading in detailWhile buying a book
Skimming is used to quickly identify the main ideas of a text. When you read the newspaper, you're probably not reading it word-by-word, instead you're generally skimming the text. Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than normal reading. People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of time. Use skimming when you want to see if an article may be of interest in your research. There are many strategies that can be used when skimming. Some people read the first and last paragraphs using headings, summarizes and other organizers as they move down the page or screen. You might read the title, subtitles, subheading, and illustrations. Consider reading the first sentence of each paragraph.
2. ScanningTechnique where you search for SPECIFIC
INFORMATION, or the key wordsYou move your eye over the text looking for
particular words or phrases relevant to your task
In most cases, you know what you're looking for.
Scanning is also used when you first find a resource to determine whether it will answer your questions
Listening skillsListening is the most used skillIt takes practiceIt is an active process with 3 basic steps1. HEARING: listening just enough to catch
what the speaker is saying.2. UNDERSTANDING: Take what is heard and
then understand it in your own way3. JUDGING: After you are sure what the
speaker has said, judge whether it makes sense or not. Reasoning with yourself.
Tips for active listeningGive full attention to the spoken wordMake sure your mind is focused , don’t let it
wander. Shift body position if you cant concentrate.
Let yourself finish listening before you speak. Thinking speed should be less than the listening speed
Listen for main ideas, most important points speaker wants to get across. Pay special attention to statements like, “My point is…” or “The thing to remember is…”
Ask questions and give feedback
Hearing Vs Listening
Hearing –
Physical process, natural, passive
Listening –
Physical as well as mental process, active, learned process, a skill
Listening is hard.You must choose to participate in the process of
listening.
WRITING SKILLSThe act of putting letters or characters on
paper or other material for the purpose of recording the ideas or communicating them to others
Role of WritingTo convey informationTo convey your personal ideas
Process of WritingEstablish the aimGather dataConsider the readerMake a draftEdit Make a final draft
EFFECTIVE PRESENTATION SKILLS
Presentation Skills while appearing for an interview.
Your Dressing sense (Males & Females),
Documents needed to be carried,
Your body language (while standing, while sitting, while walking),
Your attitude (Soberness, Soft words, avoid western accent),
Your Confidence (while talking, body movements, aggression, etc).