1. Review Give and example of selective breeding2. Review what is the relationship between genetic

variations and mutations.3. Explanation Write a paragraph in which you

suggest ways that plants could be genetically altered to improve the world’s food supply

CH 15 GENETIC ENGINEERING15.1 Selective Breeding

Selective Breeding

Method of breeding where the organisms that breed are picked due to certain traits

People have done this for a long time with many species

Native Americans selectively bred teosinte to produce corn.

Hybridization

Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms

Individuals produced by such crosses are often hardier than either of the parents

Can increase the disease resistance or increase food production.

Inbreeding

Continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics

Useful in preserving certain traits- dog breeds Increases the chance that a cross between two

individuals will bring together two recessive alleles for a genetic defect.

Biotechnology

Application of a technological process, invention, or method to living organisms.

Increasing Variation

Mutations

Ultimate source of biological diversity Occur spontaneously Breeders can increase the mutation rate using

radiation or chemicals Used often with bacteria.

Polyploid Plants

Given drugs to prevent chromosomes from separating

Often are larger and stronger.