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rike0 series\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 toolkits\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8221?\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 help\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 guide\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 new\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 existing\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 science\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 projects\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aim\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 support\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0

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lex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 coastal\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 conservation.\par\pard\plain\li915\sl-211\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u169?\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2015\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0Elsevier\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Ltd.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 open\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 access\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 article\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 under\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 CC\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BY-NC-ND\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 license{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.

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calex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e.g.,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sheries)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 policy,\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-186\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 improving\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stewardship,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 strengthening\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 community\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 capacity\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0address\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 environmental\f0\fs14\chars

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calex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 problems\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conrad\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Hilchey,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2011;\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Danielsen\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 et\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 al.,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2013\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ).\par\pard\plain\sl-322\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-159\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.1.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Challenges\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 coastal\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 science\par\pard\plain\sl-258\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-159\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Roy\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 et\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 al.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2012)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 put\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 forward\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 framework\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 focused\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scale\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 participation\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (local\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs1

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03\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 local\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pro-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 grams,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 simple\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mass\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 participation\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 programs.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 result,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 they\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 argue,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 suggests\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0an\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 opportunity\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 science\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 expand\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diversify.\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw11900\pard\plain\sl-233\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-127{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2015.06.012"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2015.06.012}}}\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-188\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 0964-5691/\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u169?\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2015\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Elsevier\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0

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5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10810\shptop3774\shpright10859\shpbottom3847\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage

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5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4

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5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10872\shptop3774\shpright10921\shpbottom3847\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz145\shplid11365{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 49}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 73}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;462;(26,73);(25,73);(23,73);(22,73);(21,73);(20,72);(19,72);(18,72);(17,72);(16,72);(15,71);(14,71);(13,71);(12,70);(11,70);(10,69);(9,69);(9,68);(8,68);(7,67);(7,67);(7,67);(7,67);(7,68);(7,68);(7,68);(7,68);(7,69);(7,69);(7,69);(7,69);(7,70);(7,70);(7,70);(7,70);(7,70);(7,71);(7,71);(7,71);(7,72);(7,72);(7,72);(7,72);(6,72);(6,72);(5,72);(5,72);(5,72);(4,72);(4,72);(4,72);(4,72);(3,72);(3,72);(3,72);(3,72);(3,72);(2,72);(2,72);(2,72);(1,72);(1,72);(0,72);(0,72);(0,71);(0,69);(0,68);(0,67);(0,66);(0,65);(0,64);(0,63);(0,62);(0,61);(0,61);(0,60);(0,59);(0,58);(0,57);(0,56);(0,55);(0,54);(0,52);(0,51);(0,51);(1,51);(1,51);(2,51);(2,51);(3,51);(3,51);(3,51);(3,51);(4,51);(4,51);(4,51);(5,51);(5,51);(5,51);(5,51);(6,51);(6,51);(7,51);(7,51);(7,51);(7,51);(7,51);(7,51);(7,52);(7,52);(7,52);(7,52);(7,52);(7,52);(7,53);(7,53);(7,53);(7,53);(7,53);(7,53);(7,54);(7,54);(7,54);(7,54);(7,55);(7,55);(7,55);(8,56);(8,57);(8,58);(8,59);(9,59);(10,60);(10,61);(11,62);(12,63);(13,63);(14,64);(15,65);(16,65);(17,6

6);(19,66);(20,66);(21,67);(23,67);(24,67);(25,67);(25,67);(27,67);(28,67);(29,67);(30,67);(31,66);(32,66);(33,66);(34,65);(35,65);(36,64);(37,64);(37,63);(38,62);(38,62);(39,61);(39,60);(40,59);(40,58);(40,58);(40,57);(40,57);(40,56);(40,55);(40,54);(39,53);(39,53);(39,52);(38,51);(37,50);(37,50);(36,49);(35,48);(34,47);(33,47);(31,46);(30,45);(28,44);(26,44);(24,43);(22,42);(20,41);(20,41);(18,40);(16,39);(14,38);(12,38);(11,37);(9,36);(8,35);(7,34);(5,33);(4,32);(4,31);(3,30);(2,29);(2,28);(1,27);(1,25);(0,24);(0,23);(0,22);(0,20);(0,20);(0,18);(0,17);(1,15);(1,14);(2,12);(2,11);(3,9);(4,8);(5,7);(7,6);(8,5);(9,4);(11,3);(12,2);(14,2);(16,1);(18,1);(19,1);(21,0);(24,0);(24,0);(25,0);(26,0);(26,0);(27,1);(28,1);(29,1);(30,1);(31,1);(32,1);(33,2);(33,2);(34,2);(35,2);(36,3);(36,3);(37,4);(38,4);(38,4);(39,5);(40,5);(40,5);(40,5);(40,5);(40,4);(40,4);(40,4);(40,4);(40,3);(40,3);(40,3);(40,3);(40,3);(40,2);(40,2);(40,2);(40,2);(40,1);(40,1);(40,1);(40,0);(41,0);(41,0);(41,0);(41,0);(42,0);(42,0);(42,0);(43,0);(43,0);(43,0);(4

4,0);(44,0);(44,0);(44,0);(45,0);(45,0);(45,0);(45,0);(46,0);(46,0);(47,0);(47,0);(47,0);(47,2);(47,3);(46,4);(46,5);(46,6);(46,7);(46,8);(46,9);(45,10);(45,11);(45,12);(45,13);(45,13);(45,14);(45,15);(44,16);(44,18);(44,19);(44,20);(43,22);(43,22);(43,22);(43,22);(42,22);(42,22);(42,22);(41,22);(41,22);(41,22);(40,22);(40,22);(40,22);(40,22);(39,22);(39,22);(39,22);(39,22);(38,22);(38,22);(37,22);(37,22);(37,22);(37,22);(37,21);(37,21);(37,21);(37,21);(37,20);(37,20);(37,20);(38,20);(38,19);(38,19);(38,19);(38,18);(38,18);(38,18);(38,18);(38,18);(38,17);(38,17);(38,17);(38,17);(38,16);(38,15);(37,14);(37,13);(37,13);(36,12);(36,11);(35,11);(34,10);(33,9);(33,9);(32,8);(31,8);(30,7);(29,7);(28,7);(26,6);(25,6);(24,6);(23,6);(23,6);(22,6);(21,6);(19,6);(18,7);(17,7);(16,7);(16,8);(15,8);(14

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,8);(13,9);(13,10);(12,10);(12,11);(11,12);(11,12);(10,13);(10,14);(10,15);(10,16);(10,17);(10,17);(10,18);(10,19);(10,19);(10,20);(10,21);(10,22);(11,22);(11,23);(12,23);(13,24);(13,24);(14,25);(16,26);(17,26);(18,27);(20,28);(22,29);(24,30);(27,31);(29,32);(29,32);(31,32);(33,33);(35,34);(37,35);(39,36);(40,37);(41,38);(42,39);(44,40);(45,40);(45,41);(46,42);(47,44);(47,45);(48,46);(48,47);(48,48);(49,49);(49,51);(49,52);(49,52);(49,54);(48,56);(48,57);(48,59);(47,61);(46,62);(46,63);(45,65);(44,66);(42,67);(41,68);(40,69);(38,70);(37,71);(35,71);(33,72);(32,72);(30,73);(28,73);(26,73)}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;925;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4

5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4

5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4

5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}

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{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10932\shptop3745\shpright11051\shpbottom3846\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz146\shplid11365{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 119}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 101}}{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;25;(82,100);(82,95);(94,95);(94,20);(56,102);(19,18);(19,95);(31,95);(31,100);(0,100);(0,95);(11,95);(11,6);(0,6);(0,0);(24,0);(59,77);(95,0);(118,0);(118,6);(107,6);(107,95);(118,95);(118,100);(82,100)}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;52;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11124\shptop3774\shpright11178\shpbottom3845\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz149\shplid11365

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 54}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 71}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;378;(45,16);(45,16);(44,15);(44,15);(43,15);(43,14);(43,14);(42,14);(42,13);(42,13);(41,13);(41,13);(41,13);(40,12);(40,12);(40,12);(39,12);(39,12);(39,12);(39,12);(38,12);(38,12);(38,12);(38,12);(37,12);(37,12);(36,12);(36,13);(35,13);(35,13);(34,14);(34,14);(33,15);(32,16);(32,17);(31,17);(30,18);(29,19);(28,21);(27,22);(26,23);(25,25);(25,25);(25,27);(25,30);(25,32);(25,35);(25,37);(25,38);(25,40);(25,42);(25,43);(25,45);(25,46);(25,48);(25,49);(

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0 among\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stakeholders\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0helped\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 build\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trust\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 collaboration\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 researchers\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stakeholders\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (see\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 3.3\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-208\f0

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b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 necessary\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 strategic\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 assigning\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 research\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tasks\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 well\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 having\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 well-planned\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 safety\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 procedures\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 place.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s

trike0 It\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 necessary\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sensitive\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 how\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tasks\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 were\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 assigned\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0so\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 all\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen\f0\fs

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14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scientists\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 felt\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equally\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 involved\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 project;\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0(3)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Training\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (started\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 land\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 then\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-230\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 done\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 water)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lesser\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 extent,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in-\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 eld\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 oversight\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 were\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-187\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 necessary\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ensure\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accurate\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 collection.\par\pard\plain\sl-258\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-159\f0\fs14

\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.2.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Engaging\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scientists\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 protected\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 area\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 monitoring\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 California\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li1089\sl-159\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 California\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 established\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 network\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 more\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\u

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\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MLPA,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1999\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ).\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Among\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 numerous\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 implementation\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 management\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concerns\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 new\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 network\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\par\pard

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0\i0\ul0\strike0 role\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bringing\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scientists\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 decision\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 makers\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 together\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 around\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 important\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 coastal\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 issues\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fa

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ain\li656\sl-186\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 include:\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (1)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identifying\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 challenges\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 achieving\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 desired\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 conservation\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 outcome,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 guidelines\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recommendations\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0how\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 best\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pursue\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 particular\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 outcome,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (3)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identify,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 if\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 unique\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aspects\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 science\f0\fs14\charsca

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x103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 science\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 may\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lead\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 positive\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 out-\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 comes\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 related\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 policy\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 change:\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (1)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf

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lex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 support\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advocacy;\par\pard\plain\li740\sl-231\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 More\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 informed\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advocates\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 may\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 more\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 likely\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 push\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\par\pard\plain\li894\sl-186\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 change,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cau

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e0 2012;\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0Hartley\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 et\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 al.,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2015\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ).\par\pard\plain\sl-258\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-159\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 3.2.2.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Individual\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 behavior\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 change\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Focus\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 group\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 attendees\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 agreed\f0\fs14\charscalex10

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fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stakeholders\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Fernandez-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Gimenez\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 et\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 al.,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008;\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Nisbet\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Kotcher,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2009;\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Johnson\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 et\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 al.,\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2014\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ).\par\pard\plain\sl-258\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-159\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 3.2.3.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Science\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0

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x103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 incorporate\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 simple\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 water\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 skills\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0in\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indoor\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 envi-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ronments.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Also,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 leaders\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 take\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advantage\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 many\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 online\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw5270\colsr10\colno2\colw930\colsr10\colno3\colw5680\pard\plain\li850\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri

ke0 marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 environments.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Emergent\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 research\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 termed\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-231\column\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 neuro-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-231\column\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 science\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 projects\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 like\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sea\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64258?\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st

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0\strike0 participants\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 environmentally-focused\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen-science\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 projects\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 get\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 people\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 outdoors,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 increasing\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 their\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 chances\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 noticing,\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 observing,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 appreciating,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 connecting\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 nature,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\

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fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8221?\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i.e.,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 emotional\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 intensity\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-186\column\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 use\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 visual\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 audio\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 technology\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 respectively,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 immerse\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charsca

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103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 knowing\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 answer\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 okay.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Additional\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 training\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 resources\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 facilitate\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0  an\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 inquiry-based\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 paradigm\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 needed,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\

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r\pard\plain\sl-336\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-165\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 J.A.\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Cigliano\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 et\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 al.\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Ocean\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Coastal\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Management\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 115\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2015)\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 77\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 87\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw6010\colsr10\colno2\colw5880\pard\plain\sl-224\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-159\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 3.2.4.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Recommendations\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\

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calex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 being\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used.\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Whenever\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 possible,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 teachers\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 should\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 strive\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 long\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 term\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exposure\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 immersive\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 outdoor\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 experiences\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 students\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 engaged\f0\fs1

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0 outdoors\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 connect\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scientists,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 make\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 science\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 more\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accessible\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 students\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 through\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 many\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 virtual\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 projects\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exist\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0

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0 proper\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manage-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ment.\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 California\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MPA\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 study\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 above\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (Section\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.2\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 example\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 long-term,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 site-based\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ocean\f0\fs14\charsc

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0\strike0 Beach\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Watch,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 started\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Gulf\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Farallones\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 National\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Marine\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sanctuary,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 using\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizen\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sci-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 entists\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 since\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1993

\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 survey\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shoreline\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 north-central\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 California\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 provide\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 early\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 environmental\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0perturba-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-230\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tions,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 including\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 epizootic\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike

0 outbreaks,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 El\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Nin\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o-Southern\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Oscillation\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-187\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (ENSO)\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 events,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 oil\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 spills,\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 well\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 provide\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\f

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\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 greatly\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 improved\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manuscript.\par\pard\plain\sl-395\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-159\f0\fs14\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 References\par\pard\plain\sl-227\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-127\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Aceves-Bueno,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 E.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Adeleye,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Bradley,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 D.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Brandt,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 W.T.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Callery,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 P.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Feraud,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 M.,\par\pard\plain\li895\sl-159\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Garner,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 K.L.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Gentry,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 R.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Huang,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Y.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 McCullough,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Pearlman,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sutherland,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S.A.,\par\pard\plain\li895\sl-158\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Wilkinson,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 W.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Yang,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Y.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0

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er.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref74"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 behaviour.}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref74"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conserv.}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref74"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Biol.}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref74"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 25,}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref74"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1080}}}\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref74"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1083}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref74"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .}}}\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-142\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Scyphers,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S.B.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Powers,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S.P.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Akins,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 J.L.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Drymon,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0

\i0\ul0\strike0 J.M.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Martin,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 C.W.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Schbernds,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Z.H.,\par\pard\plain\li1089\sl-176\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sho\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 eld,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 P.J.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Shipp,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0R.L.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Switzers,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T.S.,\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2014.\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 role\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 citizens\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detecting\f0\fs12\char

scalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\plain\li1089\sl-142\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 responding\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rapid\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 marine\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 invasion.\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conserv.\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Lett.{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/conl.12127"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/}}}\par\pard\plain\li1089\sl-159{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/conl.12127"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 conl.12127}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/conl.12127"}}{\fldrslt

{\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .}}}\par\pard\plain\li850\sl-158{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref76"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Shackeroff,}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref76"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 J.M.,}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0 HYPERLINK "http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0964-5691(15)00165-9/sref76"}}{\fldrslt {\cs15\ul\cf2 \hich\af0\dbch\af17\loch\f0\fs12\charscalex103\cf9\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008.}}}{\field{\*\fldinst {\hi

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