1 sharifah mastura syed mohamad [email protected] ext.: 3823
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1The School of Health SciencesThe School of Health SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaUniversiti Sains Malaysia
Lecture 1: Lecture 1: Introduction to Introduction to
Health Health InformaticsInformatics
Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad
Ext.: 3823
2The School of Health SciencesThe School of Health Sciences
Universiti Sains MalaysiaUniversiti Sains Malaysia
Lecture 1: Objectives
1. Formulate a clear, practical definition of health informatics
2. Define information, ICT and health informatics literacy
3. Identify key literacy terms and components
4. Discuss the skill required for information literacy, computer literacy and HI literacy.
5. Apply HI literacy skills to health care setting.
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Defining Health Informatics• Health Informatics is the science that uses
information to improve health care [1].• Health informatics is an interdisciplinary field that
applies technology and information to enhance health care delivery, support biomedical research, and foster education of health professionals and the public [2].
• HI is the study of how health data, information, and knowledge are collected, stored, processed, communicated, and used to support the process of health care delivery to clients and providers, administrators, and organizations involved in health care delivery.
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Defining Informatics
Info
rmat
ion
ICT
Professional knowledge
Informatics as a crossroads where
information,
ICT,
knowledge and wisdom
meet.
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Information literacy
“Information is data that have meaning. It can be presented in any medium (text, lists or graphics) in the manner that the end user prefers” [1]
http://www.kck.usm.my/pustaka/
Static information - info that remains the same after publication.
Dynamic information – info that always change to keep current.
Access and delivery methods library electronic.
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Information literacy (cont.)
http://www.lib.csusb.edu/TIJ/
Cognitive skills • Concentration and Attention• Comprehension and Interpretation• Evaluation and Synthesis• Application and Analysis• Generalization and Abstraction
Critical thinking skills• negotiate the information jungle• identify the best resources• use the knowledge gained
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Information literacy (cont.)
Ability to identify
an information need, locate
pertinent information, evaluate
the information, and apply
it correctly.
Practical 2: WWW, E-mail, E-Journals, Education Web Site
Develop need statementIdentifying termsSearch strategies
Identify resources
Credibility, AccuracyBias, CurrencyRelevancy, Usability
OrganizingManaging, using
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ICT literacy
ICT Infrastructure: HW, SW, Storage and Network
ICT – Computer, communication and multimedia technologies that can be used to receive, process, store, display and disseminate information.
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ICT literacy
Ability to acquire and apply a basic
understanding of current ICT hardware
systems and software applications to a
problem in a particular work or personal
setting.
Practical 3 – 12: OS, Word processing, Spreadsheet, Database, Presentation and Graphic
Com
puter
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1. Foundation concepts concerning how technology works
2. Contemporary skills using computer applications
3. Intellectual ability to apply that knowledge and adapt to change through life long learning
Fluency with Information Technology (FITness [3])
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Professional knowledge
Biomedicine Dietetics Nursing Forensic Science Medical Radiation Exercise & Sports Science
Audiology Speech Pathology Nutrition
Provide health care services results from education and experience.
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Health informatics literacy
The application of information
literacy, ICT literacy, and the
professional knowledge during the
delivery of health care services.
Facilitate the delivery of efficient, cost effective, high-quality care.
Info
rmat
ion IC
T
Professional knowledge
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People in HI
• Clinical – needs information that suitable in caring for patients
• Nonclinical (Educators, adminstrators, scientists) – need relevant data and information to perform their duties
• Information science – IT professionals use computing technologies to manage information within an organization fulfill need and requirements of other end users
HI involves people with diverse backgrounds and training:
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Examples: Applications in basic research
Provide enormous opportunity to understand human body in ways not previously possible
Relied heavily on IT to sort and manage the data to map human genome
Ability to identify and treat human disease
Human Genome Project – Scientists used fundamental research methods and techniques to map the complete human genome
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Examples: Applications on institutional level
Mobile access to clinical and medical information anywhere and anytime by using handheld computers such as Palm or Pocket PC devices
More information refer to www.mercurymd.com
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More examples
Clinical decision support system – designed to help practitioners make informed patient care decisions based on both patient-specific information and the latest research findings.
Pharmacists – computerized order entry
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Hospital Information System (HIS): - LIFELINE- Sistem Maklumat
Drug & Ubat-ubatan
Interface system for laboratory equipments & clinical :- Flowcytometer System- Chemistry Analyser System- Linear Accelerator System
Examples: Applications in HUSM
Lab. Info. Sys (LIS):- Pathology Online Report System
- Haematology LIS- Blood Transfusion LIS
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Picture Archiving & Communication System (PACS)
CTScan Image Processing SystemRadiology PACS
Decission Support System (DSS) & Artificial Intelligence System (AI)- Pathology Diagnosis Support Sys.- Antibiotics Selection Sys.- Health Geographical Info. Sys.
Examples: Applications in HUSM
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Homework – self evaluation
1. Draft your own definition of health informatics.2. Check with at least one online resources to
compare your understanding of the term with other published definitions on the internet.
3. Briefly describe the history of health informatics.
4. Describe a scenario demonstrating how you might apply health informatics literacy in your discipline.
5. List several ways that you will continue to develop health informatics literacy now and in the future.
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HI resources
Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad PPSK, USM. Dec. 2006
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References
[1] Hersh, WR. Medical Informatics: Improving health care through information. JAMA. 2002;288(16)
[2] Felkey GF, Fox BI and Thrower. Health Care Informatics: A skill-based resource. APhA, 2006:p.4.
[3] Englebardt & Nelson. Health Care Informatics: An Interdisciplinary approach. Mosby. 2006:p.41.