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Short overview of the climate change and energy status, Short overview of the climate change and energy status, regional/cross-border projects, reporting regional/cross-border projects, reporting

Former Yugoslav

Republic of Macedonia

REReP regional meeting on “Energy and climate” in South Eastern Europe

May 22-23rd, 2008

Brussels, Belgium

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Status of National Communication under UNFCCC

• In In 1998 1998 Republic of Macedonia became a party to the UN Republic of Macedonia became a party to the UN Convention on Climate ChangeConvention on Climate Change

• In JanuaryIn January 2000 2000, the Climate Change Project Office was , the Climate Change Project Office was set up within the Ministry of Environment and Physical set up within the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning, Planning, financially supported by UNDP-GEFfinancially supported by UNDP-GEF

• In March In March 20032003, Republic of Macedonia adopted the First , Republic of Macedonia adopted the First National Communication on Climate Change National Communication on Climate Change andand submitted it to the UNFCCC Secretariatsubmitted it to the UNFCCC Secretariat. .

• In In 20042004 Republic of Macedonia ratified the Kyoto Protocol Republic of Macedonia ratified the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC and became party in 2005to the UNFCCC and became party in 2005

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Relevant projects

FNC: Time frame 2000-2003 SNC: Time frame 2005-2008 -ongoingTop-Ups Project: Time frame 2003-2004Regional Project on Capacity building for

improving the quality of GHG inventories (Europe and CIS Region)

Development on National Strategy for the Clean Development Mechanism for the first commitment period under Kyoto Protocol, 2008-2012

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Relevant National Strategic Documents

• National Strategy for SD (on-going): Energy and Climate Change identified as key contributor towards SD

• Second NEAP identified problems and solutions in climate changes

• National Strategy for the CDM for the first commitment period 2008-2012 under Kyoto Protocol was adopted in February 2007

• National Strategy on environmental investments (on-going), carbon financing recognized as potential tool for attracting investments

• National strategy for environmental approximation• Strategy on Energy Efficiency

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Relevant Programs, Projectsenergy/climate sector

•Macedonian Sustainable Energy Program (GEF Program under CC focal area run by the energy Agency including two componenets: Sustainable Energy Financing Facility(SEFF)+Project Development Facility (PDF)

• Investment Options in Energy Sector, 2003

•Solar water heaters project, financially supported by ADA

•Projects under FP6 Programs and other EU supported projects for research

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Relevant Documents in energy/climate-EU level-

• Treaty establishing the Energy Community, Environmental , Chapter III-the acquis on environment

• http://www.enchapter.org (In-Depth Review of the Investment Climate and Market Structure in the Energy Sector, Energy Charter Secretariat-Republic of Macedonia

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Relevant Documents&Laws-national level

•Questionnaire prepared for the Commission of Sustainable Development (CSD)•EU Questionnaires, prepared for the purpose of the country’s application for EU candidate status, 2005 •MoUs for collaboration on Kyoto Protocol implementation with Italy, Slovenia, UNDP •National Indicators on environment (including energy and CC indicators)•Progress monitoring project 2007-2008 EC, DG ENV,Supporting the Accession Process of the Candidate Countries

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Relevant Laws

• Law on Environment

• Law on energy, May 2006

• Law on Energy Agency establishment

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Legislative level Law on Environment

Climate change issues are incorporated in the Law on Environment, including details on:

• preparation of inventories of GHG emissions and removals by sinks

• action plan on measures and activities to abate increase of GHG emissions and to mitigate adverse impacts of climate change.

• an Article on Clean Development Mechanism is introduced into the amended Law

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Related institutional framework in the Country

(including DNA for CDM)

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UNDP-GEF

International Experts/Institutions

Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning

UNDP

Climate Change Project Office

Lead National Institutions

NCCC

Academic sector Private sectorNGOs

Independent Experts

Media

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DNA under the MoEPP-Single Model Ministry

Figure 1 DNA structure in Macedonia

Ministry of Environment andPhysical Planning

DNA SecretariatDepartment of Sustainable

Development

CDM ExecutiveBoard

Technical ReviewMinistry ofEconomy

Technical ReviewMinistry of

Agriculture, Forestry& Water Supply

Technical ReviewMinistry of

Transport andCommunication

Written Opinion onApproval Letter

Sectoral Ministry (Agric,Econ, or Trans)

Ministry of FinanceMinistry of Foreign Affairs

Technical ReviewMinistry of Finance

Technical Advisory/Working GroupProvides written opinion on CDM projects

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Chapters covered by National Communication

• GHG Inventory• Transfer on technologies, including activities relating to the transfer of, and access to,

environmentally sound technologies and know-how, the development and enhancement of endogenous capacities, technologies and know-how, and measures relating to enhancing the enabling environment for development and transfer of technologies

• Research and systematic observation, including information on participation in, and contribution to activities and programmes, as appropriate, of national, regional and global research networks and observing systems, as well as information on research relating to programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change; programmes containing measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change; and the development of emission factors and activity data.

• Education, training and public awareness• Capacity building, including information about the involvement of stakeholders in capacity-

building, coordination and sustainability of capacity-building activities, and the dissemination and sharing of information on capacity-building activities.

• Information and networking, including information on participation in and contribution to networks, and access to, and use of, information technologies for information exchange

• Chapters on Vulnerability and Adaptation including intersectoral action plan• GHG Abatement strategy,

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National GHG Inventory Process

The GHG Inventory developed within the FNC• Applied IPCC 1996 Revised Guidelines, for the

base year 1994 and series for the period 1990-1998.

• Covers the three main greenhouse gases – CO2,

N2O and CH4, for the following sectors: Energy,

Industrial Processes, Agriculture, Land-use Change and Forestry, and Waste

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GHG Inventory within SNC • Base year 2000, according to the Guidelines for the

preparation of National Communications (17/CP.8) • Recalculation of the series 1990-1998, taking into account

the gaps, uncertainties and recommendations from the stocktaking exercise and improved data from the new studies and assessments on national level

• Applying improved emission factors for Energy and Waste sector, which will be developed under the regional project

• Calculation of the GHG Inventories for 1999 in order to establish continual series of 10 years

• For Energy, Industry and Waste sectors to the extent possible, calculation for the GHG emissions for the years 2001 and 2002

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Institutional arrangements

MOEPP, as a supervisor and coordinator of the whole process;

National institution, as a responsible party for the compilation of the Inventory

Independent sectoral national experts/consultants for the critical sectors not covered by the National institution.

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National Institution NITL

MOEPP

Energy EntererEnergy Checker

Database Operator

Industry EntererIndustry Checker

LUCF EntererLUCF Checker

Agr. Enterer Agr. Checker

Waste EntererWaste Checker

Governmental Institutions (data

suppliers)

National Climate Change Committee

UNFCCCSecretariat

Experts for improvement of methodologies and emission factors

Representatives of wider working group

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Inventory Cycle for the SNC

Responsible parties: NI+NE Revision of the inventory under the FNC (series 1990-1998) Application of Tier 2 methodology to the extent possible Extension of the current GHGs set with non-direct GHGs:

HFCs, PFCs and SF6, as well as CO, NOx, SOx and NMVOCs

Identification/verification of data sources Entering and documenting the input data (activity data and

emission factors) for the upgraded inventory Checking and validating the input data and emission estimates

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Inventory Cycle for the SNC

Integrative tasks (related to the whole inventory)

Responsible party: NI Upgrading/Maintaining the GHG Inventory database Calculating the integral GHG emissions Reporting the total GHG emissions Performing Key Sources analyses Undertaking Uncertainty Management to extent possible Preparing GHG Inventory Report + Summary in English and in

Macedonian Experts’ and stakeholders’ discussion about the results

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Further steps needed-approximation-

• DIRECTIVE 2003/87/EC of the EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 13 October 2003 establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC, as amended by Directive 2004/101/EC

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Further steps needed

• Developing and maintaining national capacity for archiving and updating inventory data is critical to the sustainability of the inventory process. Identified institutions for different sectors need to be supplemented by existing infrastructure and technical expertise.

• Further, deeper involvement of national institutions obliged for data collection (the Statistical Office) is of crucial importance in order to make adjustments of the data collection methodology, aiming to cover identified GHG related data in the above sectors.

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Further steps needed

• Set of institutional, legislative and technical measures need to be undertaken, which will not only provide more sophisticated GHG inventory in place, but will also contribute towards providing a background for establishment of a national registry system, as a country requirement within its process of EU accession.

• As an initial step, amendments to the existing Law on Environment are necessary, in order to create background for creation of Law on greenhouse gas allowance trading, i.e to transpose the Emission Allowance Trading Directive (EATD) into national legislation.

• Introduction of a learning-by-doing “pilot phase” for Emissions Trading for a two year period, aiming to strengthen capacities at the local authorities, companies and other stakeholders for the implementation of the system will be very helpful.

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Thank you for the attention

Teodora Obradovik Grncarovska, M.Sc,

UNFCCC Focal point for the

Republic of Macedonia

E-mail: t.grncarovska@moepp.gov.mk

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For more information see:www.moepp.gov.mkwww.unfccc.org.mk