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Software: Application Software

Williams, B.K, Stacy C. Sawyer (2007). Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computers & Communications. Seventh Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York. ISBN-13: 978-0-07-110768-6

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Learning Outcomes

Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa

akan mampu :

• menjelaskan: apa yg dimaksud application software; penggunaan word processing, dan spreadsheet (C2)

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Outline Materi

• Application Software

• Word Processing

• Spreadsheets

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Application Software• There are 5 ways to legally obtain software

1. Commercial Software• Copyrighted – license must be purchased

2. Public-domain software• Not copyrighted – legal to copy

3. Shareware• Copyrighted – download for free, then pay if you use it

4. Freeware• Copyrighted – but available for free. Pay on honor system

5. Rentalware• Copyrighted – lease for a fee

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Application Software• Software License Types

– Site licenses• Allow software to be used on all computers at a

specific location– Concurrent-user license

• Allows a specified number of copies to be used at one time

• May require additional license-monitoring software– Multiple-user license

• Specifies the number of people who may use the software

– Single-use license• Limits the software to one user at a time

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Application Software• Other software categories

– Pirated software• Software obtained illegally in violation of copyright• Software & Industry Information Association Anti-

Piracy division prosecutes violators of software copyright laws http://www.siia.net/piracy/

• Don’t pirate software!!!

– Abandonware• Software that is no longer being sold or supported

by its publisher• Subject to copyright for 95 years from date of

publication

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Application Software• Importing files

– Getting data from another source and converting it into a format for the application you are using

– Allows you to edit files from other applications

• Exporting files– Transforming data into a format that can be

used by a different application, then transmitting it

– Common export files end in the .rtf extension

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Word Processing

• Software that uses computers to create, edit, format, print, and store text.– Microsoft Word licensed for Windows and

Mac OS– Lotus Smart Suite licensed for Windows– Sun Microsystems Star Office licensed for

Windows- Linux- and Solaris-based systems (was free)

– Corel Word-Perfect licensed for Windows

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Word Processing

• Tools for creating documents– Cursor is on screen to show you where to enter text– Scrolling means moving quickly forward, up, down, or

sideways through document test display– Word wrap automatically continues text to next line

when you reach the right margin– Outline view puts tags on headings within a document

to organize it– Inserting is the act of adding text to documents– Deleting is the act of removing text from documents

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Word Processing

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Word Processing

• Find & Replace– Find lets you go straight to any text in your document– Replace lets you go to the text and automatically

replace it with something else• Cut, Copy, & Paste

– Select the text you want to move– Copy to clipboard, then paste in new location– Or drag the text to the new location

• Spelling Checker– Tests for incorrectly spelled words– Often shows them with a squiggly line underneath– You may choose to use the “Autocorrect” feature

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Word Processing• Grammar Checker

– Highlights poor grammar, wordiness, sentence fragments, and awkward phrases

– Puts different-color squiggly line under suspect phrases

• Thesaurus– Can be called up on-screen– Offers suggestions for alternative words with

the same meaning

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Word Processing• Formatting Documents using Templates &

Wizards– A template is a preformatted document that provides

basic tools for shaping a final document• You can customize a template with your company’s name,

address, etc, then save it and use it again and again• Use them when you have to repeatedly create the same

basic document

– A wizard is an interactive computer utility program that leads the user through a task asking questions and using the user’s answers to customize a solution

• Letter wizards create customized letters• Memo wizards help you to create memoranda

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Word Processing• Formatting

– Font• The typeface, size, and color of your letters• Also lets you specify underlined, italic, or bold

– Spacing & Columns• Choose how far apart the lines will be (single- or

double-spaced)• Choose single-column or multi-columned text for

your document– Margins & Justification

• Indicate width of left, right, top, and bottom margins

• Justify text left, right, or center

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Word Processing

• Headers, footers, page numbers– A header is text printed at the very top of the page– A footer is text (like page number) at the page bottom

• Other Formatting– You can specify a border around a document or

around a paragraph – it can really highlight a point– You can also use shading, tables, and footnotes

• Default Settings– These are the settings automatically used by the

program unless you change them

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Word Processing• Saving a document

– Store a document as an electronic file– File Save or click Floppy icon or Ctrl + S– Save often, and save in two places

• Print – Print individual pages, the whole document, or

several copies– File Print or click printer icon or Ctrl + P

• Track Changes• Save as Web Document

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Spreadsheets• Electronic spreadsheets were created in 1978

by Daniel Bricklin at Harvard Business School and Daniel Fylstra at M.I.T. and HBS as a study tool

• Spreadsheets are organized into columns and rows– Cells are where a row and a column meet– Cell address is the position of the cell– Range is a group of adjacent cells– Values are numbers or dates entered into a cell– Cell pointers or cursors are where the data is to be

entered

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Spreadsheets

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Spreadsheets• Formulas, Functions, Recalculation, What-If

– Formulas are instructions for calculations• They define mathematically how one cell relates

to another cell• Example: =SUM(A5:A15) sums the values of the

cells A5, A6, A7, and so forth up through cell A15

– Functions are built-in formulas, such as SUM()– Recalculation is the process of recomputing values– What-If analysis allows users to see what happens

to totals when one or more numbers change in cells• This is the powerful feature of spreadsheets over

manual calculations

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Spreadsheets• Charting and Analytical Graphics

– Spreadsheets allow you to automatically create graphs

– When the cells change, the graphs change too

– Charts are a type of graph that include• Bar charts• Column charts• Line graphs• Pie charts• Scatter charts

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Database Software• A database is a structured collection of interrelated

files in a computer system with built-in data input and retrieval methods.

• In databases

– Data redundancy is minimized

– Data is integrated and stored in a structured fashion

– Data in databases has more integrity than does data stored in separate files

– Data is organized into tables, records, and fields

– Data may include text, numbers, and graphics

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Database Software

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Database Software• Database features include

– Linking records using a key• Tables that contain the same field are linked

together by fields, so the key can be updated just once

• Key fields can also be used to sort data – Querying and displaying records

• Offer a quick way to locate records quickly– Saving, Formatting, Printing, Copying, Transmitting

• Database software allows you to create custom input forms, custom reports, copy search results and paste them into Word, print out addresses to mailing labels, or attach to email

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Specialty Software

• Presentation Graphics• Desktop Publishing• Financial Software• Drawing and Painting Software• Project Management Software• Video-audio Editing Software• Animation Software• Web Page Design Software

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Specialty Software

• Presentation Graphics Software– Use graphics, animation, sound, data, or

information to make visual presentations– For example, this presentation– Contains

• Design and content templates• Slide sorters• Outline view• Slide view• Notes Page View

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Specialty Software

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Specialty Software• Financial Software

– Ranges from personal-finance managers to entry-level accounting programs to business financial-management packages

– Common features• Track income and expenses• Allow checkbook management• Do financial reporting• Offer tax categories to assist with tax

recordkeeping• May also offer financial-planning and portfolio-

management features

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Specialty Software• Desktop Publishing

– Involves mixing text and graphics to produce high-quality output for commercial printing

– Uses a mouse, scanner, printer, and DTP software

– Has the following features• Mix of text with graphics• Offers varied type and layout styles• Allows import of files from other programs

• Drawing programs

– Graphics software used to design and illustrate objects and products

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Specialty Software

• Painting programs– Graphics programs that allow users to simulate painting

on-screen– Produce bit-mapped or raster images– Also called image-editing software

• Graphics file formats• .bmp (bit-map)• .gif (Graphic Interchange Format) – copyrighted format used in

web pages• .jpeg (Joint Photographic Experts Group)- high-resolution• .tiff (Tagged Image File Formats) – PC and Macs for high-

resolution images to print• .png (Portable Network Graphics) – public domain alternative

to gif

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Specialty Software• Video editing software

– Allows import to and editing of video footage on PC

– Video editing examples include Adobe Premiere, Sony Pictures Digital Vegas, Apple Final Cut Express, Pinnacle Studio DV, and Ulead VideoStudio

• Audio editing software – Allows import to and editing of sound files on PC– Sound editing examples include Windows Sound

Recorder, Sony Pictures Digital Sound Forge, Audacity (freeware), Felt Tip Software’s Sound Studio (shareware), GoldWave, and WavePad.

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Specialty Software

• Animation Software– Simulates movement by rapidly displaying a series

of still pictures, or frames– GIF is the first format to catch on

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Specialty Software

• Multimedia Authoring Software– Combines text, graphics, video, animation, and sound

in an integrated way to create stand-alone multimedia applications

– Requires fast computer, lots of memory, and good, fast graphics card

– Macromedia Director and Macromedia Authorware are popular examples

• Web Page Design Software– Used to create web pages with sophisticated

multimedia features– Not required to create simple web pages

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Specialty Software

• Project Management Software

– A program used to plan and schedule the people, costs, and resources required to complete a project on time

• Shows project broken down into steps and tasks• Each task has a beginning and end date• Tasks can be scheduled concurrently or consecutively

• Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

– Programs intended for design of products, structures, civil engineering drawings, and maps

• Provide precise dimensioning and positioning of design elements• Examples include AutoCAD, ProEngineer, CorelCAD, CATIA• To see an example, go to

http://www.3ds.com/flashgallery/discover-3d-xml/ for CATIA

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