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Test 3: AIaska and the environment

Dri軸ingl for oil in Al急ska

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1 The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

(ANWR) covers 19million acres2 ofnor血-eaSt Alaska. It is home to a big va-

riety of plants and animals like caribous,

5 POlar bears, grizzly bears and birds, Which

is why some call the area “America’s

Serengetiブ’. Yet at the same time血e

ANWR is known to hold a huge amount

of oiL

10　The argument among various groups

about drilling for oil in血e ANWR has

been going on for decades・ Former U.S.

president George W. Bush daimed thatdri11ing for oil in Alaska would not only

15 PrOVide the nation with an estimated

lObi11ion barrels3 of oil but also wi血

hundreds of thousands of jobs linked

directly or indirectly with血e drilling.

In血e eyes of血e pro-drilling lobby,

20 dri11ing for oil in Alaska offers an alter-

native source of energy to the Middle

East and so would improve national se-

Curity. Another argument of supporters

is that the ANWR dri11ing would not25 endanger the environment because only

l.7 mi11ion acres of che 19 mi11ion acres

would be affected.

However, environmentalists are afraid

that beauti丘しI wildlife would be de-

30 StrOyed by industry. It would also influ-

ence the traditiona1 1ifestyle of the Inuit

who live血ere. To them the consequen-

ces that the drilling might have on such

a sensitive ecoIogical system can only be

35 gueSSed at.

There are different opinions among

Native Alaskan tribes. Some ofthem say

that血e drilling would raise the stan-

dard ofliving in Alaska. Others are wor-

40 ried that it would have serious negative

e飾ects on the breeding grounds4 of the

caribou herds. Many Alaskan tribes s亡ill

depend on caribou meat as their main

source of food.

1 to driii-bohren

2 one ac「e-4046.8 m2

3 one bar「e」about 1 59 iit「es

4 breeding g「ounds - Geb‘et, aufdemルngtjere aufgezogen werderl

l. Find words or expressions that mean more or less the same・

a) yet(l.7):

b) former(l. 12):

c) to endanger (l・ 25)

d) tobea丘aid(l. 28):

2. Find the opposites in the text.

a) tiny(ll. 1-9):

b) ugly(1l. 28-35)‥

c) 1ower (ll, 36-44):

繍蹴

丁est 4: AustraIia and its indigenous popuIation

Austr揃a links Ab⑬riginal aidl to school attendance

1 Parents in South Australia’s Aborigina1

1ands may lose some of血eir financial

aid if血ey do not send血eir children to

school. New rules link school attendance

5 Wi血payments for parents living in pov-

erty.

Warren Mundine is Prime Minister

Tony Abbott’s top advisor on issues

concemmg Aboriginal people, native

lO Australians. He disagrees wi血connect-

ing school attendance and aid・ Instead,

he urges the govemment to find ways

to improve attendance wi血out punish-

ing parents.

15　“Now, Iknowgovemmentsfind血at

punitive measures need to happen but I

think they’re really a. last resort.’’

Mr. Mundine says血e situation can

change if tribal leaders support educa-

“we need to work with parents and

we need to work with communities be-

cause we are making a massive cultural

change here.’’

25　But other o綿cials say血ey believe

the threat of stopping aid will force fam-

ilies to take education more seriously.

In South Australia state, Only fifty

percent of children stay m SChool証er

3O the age of触een. In some areas, aS muCh

as ninety percent of Aboriginal children

Struggle to read and write.

The state govemment says it has spe-

cial programs for Aborigmal children. It

35 SayS S調dents work with their parents

and teachers to develop a personal leam-

mg Plan・ The plan is re-eXamined each

year. Local o綿cials also say the public

schooIs provide special workers - Ca11ed

40 mentOrS葛Who work individually with

Aboriginal students who need extra

help.

At year seven, Aboriginal students

can JOm a PrOgram Called Enter for suc-

45 CeSS. It helps students deal wi血the

change to high school・ The program is

designed to improve student attendance

at school. The students can choose which

high school to attend. SchooI o触cials

5O Say S調dents receive support in reaching

the goals on血eir individua1 1eaming

plans・

The state of Westem Australia also

has special programs for Aboriginal and

55 Other e血nic groups. The state operates

a program called Focus SchooIs. The

program centers on basic skills like read-

ing, Writing and number ski11s. Sixty-

seven of血ese public Focus SchooIs serve

60 Students in 79 very rural2 areas. Most

are primary schooIs. Some students on

the secondary level study with Intemet

teaching programs. The state’s minister

for education and child development said

65 the Focus SchooIs program also indudes

l 18 coaches working with students in

134 schooIs.

Ad。pted fro皿Kc'亡herjne Cole, Jerj Wotson, Crty Weaver′ Vojce ofAmerj⊂a Lec'rnjng EngIjsh, September O7, 201 4.

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2 「urai-in the count「y, nOt nea「a City

l. Find words and expressions in the text that mean more or less the same.

a) pupils (ll. 33鵜42):

b) additional (ll, 33-42)‥

c) take partin (1l. 43-52)‥

d) mathematics (ll. 53-67):

e) online (ll. 53-67):

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