1. the father of genetics is_____. a. charles darwin b. gregor mendel c. james watson d. albert...
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1. The father of genetics is_____.
A. Charles Darwin B. Gregor Mendel C. James Watson D. Albert Einstein
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3. Mendel studied the inheritance of ___________ in the garden pea.
A. seed size B. seed color C. flower size D. all of the above ___
5. According to the blending theory of inheritance, a cross between plants with red flowers and plants with white flowers wouldyield only _____.
A. plants with red flowers B. plants with white flowers C. plants with red and white flowers D. plants with pink flowers ___
7. Mendel's experiments are as applicable today as they were in 1860 due to _____.
A. his careful experimental design B. his use of statistics to interpret his results C. his careful records of the numbers of offspring that expressed each characteristic D. all of the above ___
8. Mendel's true-breeding pea plants were created by _____.
A. self-pollination B. cross-pollination
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12. When an organism has two different alleles at a gene locus, it is referred to as _____.
A. homozygous recessive B. homozygous dominant C. heterozygous ___
13. The allele that is expressed in a heterozygous organism is the _____ allele.
A. dominant B. recessive
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14. The word __________ refers to the alleles an individual receives at fertilization.
A. genotype B. phenotype C. allotype D. lenotype
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15. Which of the following is a phenotype?
A. Tt B. heterozygous C. short D. T
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16. When Mendel crossed a true-breeding tall plant with a true-breeding short plant the offspring were _____.
A. 100% tall B. 50% tall, 50% short C. 100% medium
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17. The product of a cross between two different strains that differ in regard to only one trait is known as a _____.
A. true-breeding organism B. hybrid C. dihybrid D. homozygous organism
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19. When Mendel crossed the hybrids (F1 generation) _____.
A. all the plants were tall B. all the plants were medium height C. 3/4 of the plants were tall, 1/4 of the plants were short
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20. Mendel's law of segregation states _____.
A. parents of contrasting appearance produce offspring of intermediate appearance B. factors for each trait separate during gamete formation C. organisms have two factors for each trait D. both B and C ___
21. A cross between two hybrids results in a _____ phenotypic ratio.
A. 9:3:3:1 B. 1:2:1 C. 3:1 D. 1:1:1:1
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23. Each physical trait is controlled by _____ allele(s).
A. one B. two C. three D. four
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24. Mendel's true-breeding short plants in the P generation were _____.
A. homozygous recessive B. homozygous dominant C. heterozygous
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25. There is only one allele for each trait in the gametes because _____.
A. each organism has only one allele for each trait B. the homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis I C. mitosis reduces the number of chromosomes when gametes are formed
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26. The recessive phenotype is displayed by organisms which are _____.
A. homozygous dominant B. homozygous recessive C. heterozygous
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27. Which of the following represents a heterozygous genotype?
A. TT B. Tt C. tt D. tall
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28. Each gamete has only one allele for each trait because gametes are always _____.
A. haploid B. diploid
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29. A heterozygous (for one trait) organism can produce ______.
A. only one type of gamete B. two types of gametes ___
30. Which of the following gametes would Mendel's true-breeding tall plants in the P generation have produced?
A. T B. T or t C. t
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34. If a person is heterozygous for unattached earlobes, their genotype must be _____.
A. EE B. Ee C. ee
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35. Which of the following represents a type of gamete?
A. Tt B. TT C. t D. tt
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39. Mendel relied heavily on his knowledge of ____ to interpret the results of his experiments.
A. anatomy B. microbiology C. statistics D. physics
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40. The probable results of a genetic cross can be determined by using _____.
A. a Punnett square B. the laws of probability C. both A and B ___
42. If yellow seed color is dominant over green seed color in pea plants, we could use _____ to represent a homozygousdominant yellow seed producing plant.
A. Y B. y C. YY D. Yy
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44. Mendel crossed his F1 generation tall plants with true-breeding, short plants. The results were a __________ phenotypicratio.
A. 1:1 B. 2:1 C. 3:1 D. 4:1
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45. If an individual with the dominant phenotype is crossed with an individual with the recessive phenotype and all the offspringhave the dominant phenotype, it would be concluded that the individual with the dominant phenotype is _____.
A. homozygous dominant B. heterozygous
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48. If the chance of E = 1/2 and the chance of e = 1/2, then the chance of Ee = _____.
A. 1/2 B. 1/4 ___
49. E = unattached earlobes. e = attached earlobes. In the cross of Ee and Ee, the chance of a child with unattached earlobesis _____.
A. 1/2 B. 1/4 C. 3/4 ___
51. The mother can roll her tongue (dominant phenotype), but her child cannot (recessive phenotype). The mother's phenotypemust be _____.
A. TT B. Tt C. tt
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52. A mother and child can roll their tongues (dominant phenotype), but the father cannot (recessive phenotype). The child'sphenotype must be _____.
A. TT B. Tt C. tt
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53. If two flies heterozygous for wing length and body color are crossed, which of the following are possible results?
A. chance of L, long wings = 3/4 B. chance of l, short wings = 1/2 C. Chance of G, grey body = 1/4 D. all of the above are true
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54. A cross in which true-breeding plants differ in two traits is known as a __________ cross.
A. test B. dihybrid C. multi trait D. hybrid
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55. Which is a mutant characteristic in fruit flies?
A. gray body B. black body C. long wings
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56. How many different types of gametes can a fly with the genotype LlGg produce?
A. one B. two C. three D. four ___
57. When two dihybrid organisms are crossed and simple dominance is present in both genes a _____ phenotypic ratio willresult.
A. 1:2:1 B. 3:1 C. 9:3:3:1 D. 1:1:1:1
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58. If we represent fruit fly traits with the following letters: L = long wings, l = short wings, G = gray body, g = black body, thenan organism with the genotype LLGg will _____.
A. have long wings and a gray body B. have long wings and a black body C. have short wings and a gray body D. have short wings and a black body
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59. The organism with the genotype LLGg will produce _____ type(s) of gamete(s).
A. one B. two C. three D. four
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60. If the chance of having long wings is 3/4 and the chance of having a black body is 1/4, then the chance of having longwings and a black body are _____.
A. 9/16 B. 4/16 C. 3/16 D. 1/16
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61. If the chance of having short wings and a black body is 1/16 and the chance of having short wings is 1/4, then the chanceof having a black body must be _____.
A. 1/4 B. 3/4 C. 1/12
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62. Which of the following types of gametes is not produced by an organism with the genotype LLGg?
A. LG B. lG C. Lg
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65. In dihybrid genetics problems, the individual has _____ allele(s).
A. one B. two C. three D. four ___
66. If we find the genotype of an individual to be AABbcc, we've examined alleles for _____ trait(s).
A. one B. two C. three D. four
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68. Which of the following genotypes represents an organism that is homozygous recessive for two traits?
A. lg B. Llgg C. llgg D. LLGG
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72. If the parents are heterozygous for cystic fibrosis (Ff x Ff), then each offspring has a _____ chance of having cysticfibrosis.
A. 2% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75%
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73. Selective breeding can be used to produce _____.
A. crops with higher yields B. sheep with thicker coats C. chickens that lay larger eggs D. all of the above
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74. To determine whether an individual is homozygous dominant or heterozygous for either of two traits a cross with anindividual with a _____ genotype could be done.
A. LLGG B. LlGg C. llgg D. llGG
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75. If an organism that is homozygous dominant for two traits is crossed with an organism that is homozygous recessive forthe same two traits, the offspring will _____.
A. all have the dominant phenotype for both traits B. have a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio C. have a 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio D. have a 1:1 phenotypic ratio
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76. Which of the following is a gamete?
A. LLGg B. Gg C. Lg D. llgg
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78. If plants with tall stems and green pods are dominant to plants with short stems and yellow pods, a cross between twoplants heterozygous for each trait will yield _____ short plants with green pods.
A. one B. three C. six D. nine
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