1. The United 1. The United Kingdom of Great Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Britain and Northern Island is situated on Island is situated on the British lays not the British lays not far from Europe. It far from Europe. It consists of the island consists of the island of Great Britain, the of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of north-eastern part of Ireland and a great Ireland and a great number of small number of small islands. Such as: the islands. Such as: the Orkney, the Hebrides, Orkney, the Hebrides, the Isle of White and the Isle of White and many othersmany others..

2. If you look at 2. If you look at the map of Europe the map of Europe you will see that you will see that Great Britain is Great Britain is not large. It takes not large. It takes 6 hours to travel 6 hours to travel in a fast train, in a fast train, from London, the from London, the capital of capital of England, to England, to Edinburgh, the Edinburgh, the capital of capital of ScotlandScotland. .

3. There are 4 part of 3. There are 4 part of Great Britain England, Great Britain England, the capital is London, the capital is London, Scotland the capital is Scotland the capital is Edinburgh, Wales the Edinburgh, Wales the capital is Cardiff and capital is Cardiff and Northern Island the Northern Island the capital is Belfast. Great capital is Belfast. Great Britain lies not far from Britain lies not far from continent. It is continent. It is separated from Europe separated from Europe by the North Sea and by the North Sea and England Channel. The England Channel. The channel in it's channel in it's narrowest part The narrowest part The State of Dover is only State of Dover is only 32 kilometers.32 kilometers.

4. Great Britain has a very good geographical 4. Great Britain has a very good geographical position, as it lies on the crossways of the sea position, as it lies on the crossways of the sea routes from Europe to other parts of the World. The routes from Europe to other parts of the World. The sea connects Britain with most European country sea connects Britain with most European country such as: Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Norway, such as: Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Norway, Russia and some other country. The main sea Russia and some other country. The main sea route from Europe to America also passed thought route from Europe to America also passed thought the channel.the channel.

5. British clime is milled and damp. It often 5. British clime is milled and damp. It often rains frogs are quit frequent especially in the rains frogs are quit frequent especially in the West and south-west. The Gulf Stream a warm West and south-west. The Gulf Stream a warm ocean current warms to seas around the ocean current warms to seas around the British coast moderating the clime, giving it British coast moderating the clime, giving it cold Summers melds winters. The temperature cold Summers melds winters. The temperature in winter seldom falls below zero and the field in winter seldom falls below zero and the field and meadow are green all year round.and meadow are green all year round.

TThis short history of the Tower of London charts the different his short history of the Tower of London charts the different stages of its development. Throughout its history, the Tower stages of its development. Throughout its history, the Tower has attracted a number of important functions and its role as has attracted a number of important functions and its role as armory, royal palace, prison and fortress is explained, as armory, royal palace, prison and fortress is explained, as well as its modern role as tourist attraction and home to a well as its modern role as tourist attraction and home to a thriving community.thriving community.

The Tower of London was The Tower of London was begun in the reign of William begun in the reign of William the Conqueror (1066-1087) the Conqueror (1066-1087) and remained unchanged for and remained unchanged for over a century. Then, over a century. Then, between 1190 and 1285, the between 1190 and 1285, the White Tower was encircled White Tower was encircled by two towered curtain walls by two towered curtain walls and a great moat. The only and a great moat. The only important enlargement of the important enlargement of the Tower after that time was the Tower after that time was the building of the Wharf in the building of the Wharf in the 14th century. Today the 14th century. Today the medieval defenses remain medieval defenses remain relatively unchanged.relatively unchanged.

Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the sovereign, and was first opened to the public in 1993.

Entry to Buckingham Palace is via Ambassador's Court on Buckingham Palace Road. The Grand Hall is on the original site of the old entrance hall, dominated by the Grand staircase aptly named, because of its winding proportions and floral gilt-bronze balustrade.

As you walk through the As you walk through the Guard Room note the Goblin Guard Room note the Goblin tapestries lining the walls. tapestries lining the walls. The vibrantly colored silk The vibrantly colored silk walls in the Green Drawing walls in the Green Drawing Room provide the perfect Room provide the perfect compliment to the compliment to the beautifully coved and gilded beautifully coved and gilded ceiling. This is the site of ceiling. This is the site of Queen Charlotte's salon. In Queen Charlotte's salon. In the splendid scarlet and the splendid scarlet and gold Throne Room you can gold Throne Room you can see the chairs used at the see the chairs used at the coronation of Her Majesty coronation of Her Majesty The Queen in 1953. The The Queen in 1953. The magnificent Ballroom magnificent Ballroom extending to 122 feet in extending to 122 feet in length was opened in length was opened in Queen Victoria's reign in Queen Victoria's reign in 1856 to celebrate the end 1856 to celebrate the end of the Crimean war.of the Crimean war.

In the picture gallery designed In the picture gallery designed by Nash are wonderful art by Nash are wonderful art treasures by Rubens, treasures by Rubens, Rembrandt, Cabalettas, Rembrandt, Cabalettas, Vermeer, and many others. Vermeer, and many others. This is a selection from the This is a selection from the Royal Collection held in trust Royal Collection held in trust by the Queen for her by the Queen for her successors and the nation and successors and the nation and is regarded as Britain's is regarded as Britain's National Heritage. In the State National Heritage. In the State Dining Room the red silk Dining Room the red silk damask on the walls makes a damask on the walls makes a fitting background to the state fitting background to the state portraits of Kings and Queens portraits of Kings and Queens from George III to George IV. from George III to George IV. The regency dining chairs The regency dining chairs were purchased by the Prince were purchased by the Prince Regent in 1813 for his home at Regent in 1813 for his home at Carlton House.Carlton House.

The History of Buckingham Palace began in 1702 when The History of Buckingham Palace began in 1702 when the Duke of Buckingham had it built as his London the Duke of Buckingham had it built as his London home. The Duke's son sold the house in 1761 to George home. The Duke's son sold the house in 1761 to George III, it was renamed “Queen's House” in 1774 as Queen III, it was renamed “Queen's House” in 1774 as Queen Charlotte resided there. When it passed to George IV in Charlotte resided there. When it passed to George IV in 1820, Nash was commissioned to make alterations to the 1820, Nash was commissioned to make alterations to the palace. The main block was retained but a new suite of palace. The main block was retained but a new suite of rooms was added facing west into the garden, doubling rooms was added facing west into the garden, doubling the size of the building. The French Neo Classical style the size of the building. The French Neo Classical style was the influence for the design. The re-modeled state was the influence for the design. The re-modeled state rooms remain unchanged from Nash's original design.rooms remain unchanged from Nash's original design.

• Queen Victoria was the first monarch to take up residence in Buckingham Palace in 1837. Once again extensive changes took place, one of these was to have the huge arched gateway removed to Tiburon, where it remains, known as Marble Arch.

• Today Buckingham Palace is used not only as the home of The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh, but also for the administrative work for the monarchy. It is here in the state apartments that Her Majesty receives and entertains guests invited to the Palace.

• During the summer, the Changing of the Guard takes place at the front of the Palace.

1.1. Scotland is the capital Scotland is the capital of…of…

A. BelfastA. Belfast

B. EdinburgB. Edinburg C. CardiffC. Cardiff

2.2. How many parts are there in Great How many parts are there in Great Britain?Britain?

A. 3A. 3 B. 5B. 5 C. 4C. 4

3. The official residence of 3. The official residence of the sovereign is:the sovereign is:

A. The TowerA. The Tower B. Buckingham PalaceB. Buckingham Palace C. Big BenC. Big Ben

4. Who was the first monarch in 4. Who was the first monarch in Buckingham Palace in 1837?Buckingham Palace in 1837?

A. VictoriaA. Victoria

B. CharlotteB. Charlotte

C. George IIIC. George III

5. The Tower of London was 5. The Tower of London was begun in the reign of…begun in the reign of…

A. George IIIA. George III B. Queen VictoriaB. Queen Victoria C. William of ConquerorC. William of Conqueror

6. How much time does it 6. How much time does it take you to travel from take you to travel from London to Edinburgh by a London to Edinburgh by a fast train?fast train?

A. 5A. 5

B. 4 B. 4

C. 6C. 6

7. The History of Buckingham Palace began in…

A. 1702

B. 1761

C. 1774

8. Buckingham Palace was first opened to the public in…

A. 1993 B. 1990 C. 1997