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Tobacco

Tobacco

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Tobacco Stats

• 70 million Americans use tobacco including 4 million adolescents

• Each day 2000 teenagers become smokers and at least one-third of them will die prematurely due to tobacco

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Interesting Facts on Smoking• About 1 out of every 5

deaths in the US can be attributed to tobacco products.

• Every eight seconds, someone in the world dies due to tobacco.

• 1 out of 3 smokers are estimated to eventually die from a tobacco-related disease.

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Interesting Facts on Smoking• Over 50,000 people a

year die from secondhand smoke in the US alone.

• Cigarettes are still the number one cause of fire-related deaths.

• In the US, smoking causes about 445 new cases of lung cancer every day.

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• Cigarettes are the #1 CAUSE OF PREVENTABLE DEATH IN THE U.S., – They kill more people each year than

Aids, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, Car

Accidents, Homicides, Suicides, and

Fires Combined!

• Cigarettes are the ONLY product legally sold that kills one in every

three of its customers!

Interesting Facts on Smoking

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• Every cigarette you smoke reduces your life expectancy by seven minutes or two hours and twenty minutes for each pack you smoke!

• Smokers DIE AN AVERAGE OF 14 YEARS EARLIER than non-smokers!

Interesting Facts on Smoking

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Interesting Facts on Smoking

• Men who smoke – increase the risk of

developing impotency by 50%

– while compounding other risk factors for erectile dysfunction

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Interesting Facts on Smoking

• Currently, about 22 million women aged 18 years and older and at least 1.5 million adolescent girls in the United States smoke cigarettes.

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Interesting Facts on Smoking

• Teenage women are the fastest growing group of new smokers in the U.S.

• Smoking is much more deadly for women than men.

• Women’s hormones increase the deadly affects.

• Women are twice as likely to die from a smoking related disease.

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Smoking• Women have a tougher time quitting than

men. – Researchers are trying to find out why.

• Less than 2% of the millions of women who try quitting each year are successful.

• Women who smoke while taking oral contraceptives dramatically increase the risk of complications and health risks including heart attack, blood clots and stroke.

• Smoking has a damaging effect on women's reproductive health and is associated with reduced fertility.

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Smoking• Women who smoke during pregnancy

subject themselves and their developing fetus and newborn to special risks,– including pregnancy complications,

premature birth, low-birth weight infants, stillbirth, and infant mortality

• One third of all Breast Cancer deaths are caused by smoking because cancer-causing chemicals accumulate in fatty tissue.

• Smoking women have TRIPLE the rate of heart disease.

• Smoking women age, wrinkle much faster and look older than nonsmokers

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Smoking

• Second hand smoke is the #1 CAUSE OF SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome)

• Smoking prevents as much as 25% of oxygen from reaching the placenta.

• Smoking is a leading cause of birth defects including mental retardation.

• Smoking accounts for 10% of all infant deaths.• Over 30,000 CHILDREN develop ASTHMA

each year due to second hand smoke

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Bryan Curtis started smoking at 13, never thinking that 20 years later it would kill him and leave a wife and children alone.

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On the day of his death, his wife, Bobbie, and son, Bryan, keep a bedside vigil.

Bryan wanted you to know…..

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DYING FOR A CIGARETTECelebrities Who Paid The Ultimate Price For Smoking

Earl Woods(Father of Tiger Woods)Lung Cancer

Peter JenningsLung Cancer

Lucille BallLung Cancer & Emphysema

Desi ArnazLung Cancer

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Dana ReeveWife of Christopher ReeveLung Cancer caused bySecondhand smoke.With family friendRobin Williams

Frank SinatraHeart Attack & Lung CancerHe was buried With a pack of Camel cigarettes & a bottle of Jack Daniels in his casket

Duke EllingtonLung Cancer

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Why People Use Tobacco

• Nicotine Addiction• Modulator of everyday emotions

• Loss of Control• 3 of 4 smokers find they cannot quit

– Makes it more difficult for smokeless users

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Why People Use Tobacco

• Build up of Tolerance– Same effects build up over time, needing

more cigarette to maintain the same original effects, which create dependence

• Social and Psychological Factors– Habits are formed via ‘secondary

reinforcers’• triggers which keep the user dependent upon

tobacco

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The Source of Physiologically Active Compounds

• Particulate phase (small particle compounds)

– Nicotine, Water– Tar (phenol, cresol, benzo pyrene, DDT)– Contains 43 chemicals linked to cancer

• Gaseous phase (gas compounds)– carbon monoxide (CO)– carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen

cyanide, isopyrene, acetone, arsenic

Many of these chemicals are considered carcinogens

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What’s what?• Clove cigarettes – 40% ground cloves (the

spice) & 60% tobacco; contain higher levels of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide

• Cigars – 23 poisons & 43 carcinogens; double the risk of heart attack & stroke

• Bidis – handrolled flavored “joints”; 3xs more carbon monoxide & nicotine and 5xs more tar than cigarettes

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Relationship Between Cigarette Smoking and the Following Conditions

• Cardiovascular Disease and Carbon Monoxide– Impairment of oxygen transport

• Cardiovascular Disease and Nicotine– Myocardial infarction risk– Sudden cardiac death risk– Development of Angina Pectoralis– Increase of Platelet Adhesiveness

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– Cancers• Lung• Mouth• Throat• Pancreatic• Kidney & Bladder

Photo of squamous cell carcinoma

* Evidence suggests that after one year without smoking, the risk of lung cancer decreases substantially

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What are COLD’s?

• Chronic Bronchitis – inflammation/infection of air passageways

• Pulmonary Emphysema – destruction of the alveoli

• Cilia destruction – hair-like projections which assist mucus

movement

Chronic Obstructive Lung Disorders

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Selected Health Concerns from Cigarette Smoking

• Lung disease• Cancer risk• Heart disease• Peripheral Vascular

disease• Skin changes• Orthopedic problems• Rheumatologic

problems

• Male Infertility• Depression• Neurological disorders• Endocrine system

problems• GI tract diseases• Immune system• Oral Health• Complications in OB/GYN

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Second-hand Smoke• Mainstream

– smoke exhaled by smoker

• Side-stream – smoke from the burning

product

• Environmental smoke – diluted smoke in the air

85% of the smoke in a room comes from side-stream smoke

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Environmental (ETS) Effects• Up to 70% of nonsmokers subjected to

Environmental Smoke develop some form of irritation or health ailment– Environmental smoke causes 3,000 lung cancer

deaths annually

– 60,000 deaths from heart disease are associated with ETS

• Infants are 23 times more likely to die from SIDS when exposed to ETS

• Children and infants becomes vulnerable to respiratory disorders and reduced lung function

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Smoking and Pregnancy

• Infertility

• Problem pregnancies

• Low birth weight

• Premature labor/delivery

• Miscarriage risk doubles

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Benefits of Quitting

• Taste returns back to normal

• The concept of “smell” improves

• Breathing becomes easier

• Decrease risk of heart and lung disease

• More energy and alertness

• Financial savings

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The Cost of Smoking• Avg. cost of a pack of

cigarettes = $4.32• Pack-a-day smoker =

– $30.24 per week– $1,600 per year

• A 40 yr. old who quits smoking & puts the savings into a 401(k) earning 9% a year would have an extra $250,000 by age 70!!!

• Smokers pay higher insurance

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The Cost of Smoking

• Lose money on resale of automobiles and homes

• Spend extra on dry cleaning and teeth cleaning

• Lose jobs or face discrimination• Cost the economy $94 billion in lost

productivity • $89 billion spent on public and private

health care combined

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Options for Quitting• Strategies involving the

benefits of behavioral and pharmacological interventions: – “Cold Turkey” method– Medication – new treatment “Chantix”– Non-tobacco sources of nicotine

products (e.g. suckers, gums, straws, sprays, drops)

– Smoking cessation programs– Support groups– Regular exercise program

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Smokeless Tobacco

The Truth About Smokeless TobaccoThis is a picture of an 18 year old boy before and after he had most of the inside of his face and neck removed in an attempt to rid him of cancerous growths. He had been using snuff for only 6 years.The operations weren't successful; the cancer killed him.

The “skinny” on spitting• An average dip or chew for 30 min. =

as much nicotine as 4 cigarettes

• Smokeless tobacco contains 10xs the amount of carcinogens found in cigarettes

• Users of smokeless tobacco are 50xs more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers

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The price of dipping…

Need we say more????

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Website Resources for Tobacco

• www.livehealthygeorgia.org

• www.cancer.org

• www.lungusa.org

• www.cdc.gov/tobacco

• www.quitnet.com

• www.smokefree.gov

• www.cancer.gov

• www.who.int/tobacco/en