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Who Produces Hawaiian Music? Nick Consuegra & Alex Adamson AMCULT 103

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Who Produces Hawaiian

Music?Nick Consuegra & Alex

AdamsonAMCULT 103

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Bigger Questions:•

Who qualifies as a Native Hawai'ian?• Do you have to be a Native Hawai'ian

to truly produce Hawai'ian music?

• Who should determine whatHawai'ian music is or is not?

• What is the criteria for winning majorawards in Hawai'ian music?

• Should Daniel Ho’s albums bescrutinized because he is no longerliving permanently in Hawai'i?

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Criticism of Daniel HoCreations

• Daniel Ho Creations has

been under close watchand regulation bymembers of the Hawai'ianmusic community, bothfans and industry insidersalike, because he nolonger has permanentresidence in Hawai’i andhas collaborated with nonNative Hawai'iansto makesome of his music.

•In particular, his most recentaward winning albums

with Tia Carrere havebeen criticized because

 Tia is of Spanish, Chineseand Filipino descentdespite being born in

'

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What are the Major Awards inHawai'ian Music?

• Grammy Award issued by theNational Academy of Recording Artsand Sciences for the best Hawai'ian

music album: First award given in2005

• Hawai’i Academy of Recording Arts

(HARA) gives out 24 awards•  The Hawai'ian Music Awards gives

out 26 awards

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Hawai’i Academy of RecordingArts

• HARA is celebrating their 30th year

anniversary as the leading non-profitorganization in Hawaiian music

• Founded in 1982, HARA’s stated goal is to“Stimulate interest in the local

recording industry and the music of Hawai'i.”

•  The regulations for winning a HARAAward are as follows:

“Only entries created, produced, and/or

engineered; recorded by a local residentartist, musician, or technician, releasedduring the eligible year; and primarilydistributed in Hawai'i are acceptable fornomination (non-resident entries qualifyonly in the genre categories, Hawaiian,

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HARA Nomination Form: Definition of Eligibility

“All Recordings created, produced,engineered, and recorded by a Hawai’iresident artist(s), musician(s), ortechnician(s) released during the eligibilityyear and primarily for distribution inHawai’i are eligible for inclusion on thepreliminary voting ballot.”

“In the General, Technical, andAdjudicated Categories, nominee (artist,composer, producer, or technician) mustbe a resident of the state of Hawai’i. A

resident is defined as one who lives in’ ”

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Definition of Eligibility: Continued

“In the GenreCategories,resident and non-resident

nominees areeligible if thework is recordedin Hawai’i, or is

distributed by aHawai'i baseddistributor forgeneral

distribution

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RequirementsGeneral Category Requirements: “Nominee (artist, composer, or producer) must

be a resident of the State of Hawai’i.”Genre Category Requirements: “Albums by non-resident artist(s) may also be

eligible in a Genre Category if the album isrecorded in Hawai'i, or is distributed by a Hawai'idistributor intended for wide distribution in theState of Hawai’i.”

Technical/Adjudicated Categories: “Nominee (artist or composer) must be a

resident of the State of Hawai’i.”

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HARA Summary•

HARA requires that their winners livein Hawai’i at least 6 months of theyear in almost all of theircategories

•  This means that in HARA’s opinion, toqualify as a Native you must residein Hawai’i

HARA is arguably one of the bestrespected awards in Hawaiianmusic due to the strict regulations

• In contrast, The Hawai’i Music

Awards are far less prestigious due

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Hawai’i Music Awards• Hawai’i Music Awards started in 1995 to support

Hawai’i’s recording industry• As an internet based awards program, they aimed

to take advantage of the international outreachcapabilities for marketing and promotionalsupport for the newly released recordings byHawai’i and Hawai’ian recording artist anywhere in the world

•  The Hawai’i Music Awards is essentially the first‘People’s Choice Award’ in Hawai’ian music

because it is an interactive voting website opento all

• Anyone can nominate themselves for an award

• Anyone can register to vote as long as they havea valid e-mail address

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Hawai’i Music Awards•  The Hawai’i Music Awards is a far

less prestigious award in the genrebecause there are no backgroundrequirements for those who vote orthose who are voted on

• Although the requirements are lessintense, the Hawai’i music awardsstill hold some significance in that

they allow people to vote on whatthey enjoy listening to in the genre

• Music is made to entertain, so apeople’s choice award is still viabledespite the relaxed requirements

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Well-Known Names withDaniel Ho

• Extremely well-known and well-respected artists and producers inthe industry of Hawai’ian music

have worked with Daniel Ho•  This is an interesting idea because

Native Hawai’ians still seem to

have a problem with Daniel due tohis residence, while the actualpeople in the industry don’t seem

to mind where he is from nor where

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Award Winning Collaboratorswith Daniel Ho

• Daniel Ho no longerresides in Hawai’ialthough many of hislong time

collaborators do• As people begin to

ostracize Ho’s musicdue to factorsoutside of the music

itself, we begin towonder why suchgreat names in theindustry still respecthim and are willing

to work with himdes ite o ular

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2005 Hawaiian Music GrammyAward

•  TITLE: Slack Key Guitar Volume II

• ARTISTS: John Cruz, John Keawe,Sonny Lim, Randy Lorenzo, KeokiKahumoku, Jeff Peterson, KenEmerson, Charlie Recaido, CharlesMichael Brotman and Bryan Kessler

• PRODUCER: Charles Michael Brotman• LABEL: Palm Records

• ORIGINAL RELEASE DATE: October

28, 2003

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 John Cruz

• Grew up in PaloloValley on Oahu

• Moved to the EastCoast in 1983 and

started to develophis singing andsongwriting skills.

 – “During his 12years in theNortheast, John

cut his musicalteeth insubways,coffeehousesand bars in New

 York's Greenwich

Village, as wellas in the clubs

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 John Keawe

•  John Keawe is asongwriter andslack-key guitarist.

• Was born on the Big

Island of Hawaii, inthe little town of Hawi in NorthKohala.

• He grew up with rock

and roll music andenjoyed listening tosinger/songwriters.

• He has released ninerecordings underHomesteadProductions.

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2006 Hawaiian Music GrammyAward

•  TITLE: Masters Of Hawaiian Slack KeyGuitar, Vol. 1

• ARTISTS: Ledward Kaapana, GeorgeKahumoku Jr, Cyril Pahinui, OzzieKotani, Keoki Kahumoku, and DanielHo

• LABEL: Daniel Ho Creations• RELEASED: March 22, 2005

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Ledward Kaapana

• Born on the Big Island of Hawaii

• Was nominated for aGrammy in 2006, 2007,and 2009.

• Has been entertainingaudiences for 40 yearsall around the world.

• “Led Kaapana's mastery of stringed instruments,particularly slack keyguitar, and his

extraordinary baritone` `

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George Kahumoku, Jr.

• From South Kona on the bigisland of Hawaii.

• Went to theKamehamehaSchool inOahu.

• Known as the RenaissanceMan

 – “because he is one of thefew who still knows theold ways-farming, fishingand herbs-and cansurvive on the land, andyet gets up every

morning and works the

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Cyril Pahinui

• Cyril grew up in thesmall town of Waimanalo at thefoot of the Ko'olauMountains onO'ahu's Windwardcoast.

• “His father, Philip"Gabby" Pahinui,was Hawai'i's best

known and mostinfluential SlackKey guitarist,famous for hisbeautiful and

innovative guitarplaying, his soulful

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2007 Hawaiian Music GrammyAward

•  TITLE: Legends Of Hawaiian SlackKey Guitar: Live From Maui

• ARTIST: Various Artists

• PRODUCERS: Daniel Ho, GeorgeKahumoku, Jr., Paul Konwiser andWayne Wong

• LABEL: Daniel Ho Creations

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Daniel Ho

• Born in Kaimuku onOahu

• Attended the GroveSchool of Music in

Los Angeles. – Studied

compositionbefore returningenrolling at theUniversity of Hawaii.

• Returned to LosAngeles to start a

 Jazz group, Kilauea.

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2008 Grammy Award•  The winner of the 2008

Hawaiian MusicGrammy Award was thealbum "Treasures of Hawaiian Slack KeyGuitar", produced by

Daniel Ho, GeorgeKahumoku Jr, andWayne Wong.

• 2008 was the fourth yearin a row the HawaiianMusic Grammy wasawarded to a slack keyguitar recording

• All artists on the CD are

highly decorated in theindustry and are

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2008 Artists• Dennis Kamakahl- multiple Grammy winner and

multiple Na Hoku Hanohano winner (HARA), 2009Inductee into the Hawaiian Music Hall of Fame,Hawaiian slack key guitarist, recording artist, andmusic composer

• Cyril Pahinui- played at Carnegie Hall, has contributed

to two Grammy Award-winning albums, receivedseveral Hoku Hanohano Awards, and recorded onmore than 25 Hawaiian musical releases

• Richard Hoopii- Best known as one half of the popularMaui duo, The Ho'opi'i Brothers, he has been

practicing the traditional Hawaiian art of leo ki'eki'e(falsetto) for most of his life. He and his brother,Solomon (his life-long singing partner) wererecipients of the prestigious National Endowment of the Arts Folk Heritage Fellowship, America's highest

honor for traditional artists.

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2008 Artists Continued• Owana Salazar- Throughout her years as a

performing artist, Owana often involvesherself with projects relating to Hawaiianhistory, culture and sovereignty. As adescendant of Hawaiian royalty, Owana

lives her life in commitment to upholdingthe standards of a great cultural legacy.

• Bobby Ingano- for over a decade BobbyIngano has been recognized as one of Hawaii's finest steel guitarists. He hasperformed and recorded with many of Hawaii's greatest recording artists includingAmy Gilliom, The Ka'a'u Crater Boys, TheBrothers Cazimero, Martin Pahinui, Willie K.,

 The Ho'opii Brothers, Kekuhi Kanahele, andothers.

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2009 Grammy Award• ‘Ikena’, the winning Grammy Album

in 2009, produced by Amy Stillmanand with the musical works of Daniel Ho and Tia Carrere, has had

much controversy surrounding it.•  The issues stem from the concept

that none of the names on the

album, currently reside in Hawaii

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 Tia Carrere•  Tia Carrere has become

a main target in thecontroversy becauseher entire career hasnot been consumedby Hawai’ian musicalone

• In 1993, her first soloalbum, Dream, wasreleased, and wentplatinum in Mexico.

• In June 2007 shereleased a second

album ‘Hawaiiana’with the help of DanielHo and the album wasnominated for aGrammy under thecategory Best

Hawaiian Music Album• ‘ ’

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Far Side Music• Far Side Music is one of the world's

primary sources for music from Japan, Okinawa, and other EastAsian countries

Some of the music shown on the siteis of the Hawai’ian genre, althoughit is not written, produced or sungby Hawai’ian people.

• Some would argue that this musictherefore cannot be “Hawai’ian”,but who’s to say what therequirements are for being aHawai’ian Music producer?

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Reaction to Far Side Music

• We believe that Hawai’ian musiccannot be limited to only certainpeople being able to write and

produce it• As long as the music pays tribute to

Hawai’i, uses the traditional

instruments of the genre, andspeaks the language, it should beclassified as Hawai’ian music

Mele com: World’s Online

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Mele.com: World s OnlineSource for Hawai’ian Music

Since 1995• Mele.com started in 1995 as the firstindependent online retailer of Hawaiian music

•  The stated mission of Mele.com is “tosend the music of Hawai`i outbeyond the islands”

• Mele.com is now widely known asbeing a reliable source for the bestHawai’ian music with over 1,300

available CDs for purchase, as well

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Mele.com: Question

 To Whom It May Concern, My name is Alexandra Adamson and I am

currently a student at The University of Michigan.I am doing a research project on Hawaiian music

producers and what constitutes as 'HawaiianMusic'. I was wondering if your website had anyrequired criteria in order for an album to bepresented on your site. Does an artist or

producer need to be a native Hawaiian inorder for their work to be displayed? Dothey need to be a current resident of Hawaii? I would greatly appreciate your input.

 Thank you for your time.

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Mele.com Response:

Aloha Alexandra - We present music that might be of 

interest to Hawaiians or Hawaiian

music lovers. This includes musicproduced on the mainland in theHawaiian language, as well as titlesfrom the South Pacific.

Contemporary music in English byHawai`i-based groups are alsowelcome.

Aloha - Puna

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Conclusions on Mele.com• Mele.com is not an exclusive site as

Puna stated in his e-mail

•  They choose to sell music that theybelieve represents the genre well

and is of interest to people whoenjoy listening to it

•  This short conversation is a good

representation of how the world of music cannot be limited to onlycertain people and should not be

littered with regulations or

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Conclusions If the Hawai’ian music world limits

who can write, produce, and singHawai’ianmusic, they limit the spreadof their culture and the appreciation

for the genre around the world. Bydoing this, they actually hurt themusic more than protect it.

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Works Cited #2

• Hawaii Academy of Recording Arts. Hawaii Academy of Recording Arts. Web. 1 Apr.2010.<http://www.nahokuhanohano.org/cms/in

dex.php>.• "Awards Nomination Form.”

www.nahokuhanohano.org. Hawaiian Academy of Recording Arts. Web. 1 Apr.2010.

<http://www.nahokuhanohano.org/2010NaHokuGuidelinesNominationForm.pdf>.• http://web.me.com/thehawaiimusicawards/H

MA/Introduction.html. Johnny KaiProductions. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.

<http://web.me.com/thehawaiimusicawar 

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Works Cited #3

• "Biography."  Johncruz.com. JohnCruz. Web. 23 Mar. 2010.<http://www.johncruz.com/john_cru

 z.php>.• "Biography."  Johnkeawe.com. John

Keawe. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.<http://johnkeawe.com/biography.h

tml>.• "BIO." Ledkapaana.com. Ledward

Kapaana. Web. 23 Mar. 2010.

<http://www.ledkaapana.com/bio.ht 

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Works Cited #4

• "About George." Kahumoku.com. GeorgeKahumoku Jr. Web. 23 Mar. 2010.<http://www.kahumoku.com/about_george.ht m>.

• "About Cyril Pahinui."Cyrilpahinui.com. CyrilPahinui. Web. 23 Mar. 2010.

<http://www.cyrilpahinui.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47:aboutcyrilpahinui&catid=34>.

• "2008 Hawaiian Music Grammy Award."Http://www.hawaiianmusichistory.com/awards

 /grammy-award-2008.htm. Hawaiian MusicHistory. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.<http://www.hawaiianmusichistory.com/awar ds/grammy-award-2008.htm>.

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Works Cited #5

• "2009 Hawaiian Music Grammy Award."Http://www.hawaiianmusichistory.com/awards/grammy-award-2009.htm. HawaiianMusic History. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.

<http://www.hawaiianmusichistory.com/awards/grammy-award-2009.htm>.

• DENNIS KAMAKAHI PRODUCTIONS. DennisKamakahi. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.

<http://www.denniskamakahiproductions.webs.com/>.

• "Richard Hoopii." Slackkey.com. HawaiianSlack Key Guitar Productions, Inc. Web. 30

Mar. 2010.<htt ://www.slackke .com/about richard.

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Works Cited #6

• "Bio." Owanasalazar.com. OwanaSalazar. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.<http://www.owanasalazar.com/bio.

 php>.• "Bio." Bobbyingano.com. Bobby Ingano.

Web. 30 Mar. 2010.<http://www.bobbyingano.com/bobby_ingano_bio.html>.

• "Biography." Tiacarrere.com. Tia Carrere.Web. 1 Apr. 2010.

<http://www.tiacarrere.com/>.

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Works Cited #7

• "About Us." Farsidemusic.com. Far Side Music. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.<http://www.farsidemusic.com/acat 

alog/About_Us.html>. • "About Us." Mele.com. Mele.com.

Web. 1 Apr. 2010.

<http://www.mele.com/aboutus.ht ml>.