10 computer application in industry ahmedawad
TRANSCRIPT
CNC Programming
Submitted by: Mahmoud Salah Eldine Mohamed Hashem
Hussein Khaled ZahranAhmed Hassan Ibrahim
Submitted to:Dr.Tamer Hassan
CNC MachineThe Important Mechanical Parts of CNC Machine
• 1‐Machine structure
• 2‐Guide ways
• 3‐Linear motion transmission elements
• 4‐Torque transmission units
• 5‐Spindle and Spindle bearings
• 6‐Tool mechanisms
• 7‐Chip removal mechanisms
• 8‐Guards
1‐Machine structure
2‐Guide ways
3‐Linear motion transmission elements
4‐Torque transmission units
5‐Spindle and Spindle bearings
6‐Tool mechanisms
7‐Chip removal mechanisms
8‐Guards
CNC Programming Basics
• Each letter address relates to a specific machine function. “G” and “M” letter addresses are two of the most common. A “G” letter specifies certain machine preparations such as inch or metric modes, or absolutes versus incremental modes.
• A “M” letter specifies miscellaneous machine functions and work like on/off switches for coolant flow, tool changing, or spindle rotation. Other letter addresses are used to direct a wide variety of other machine commands.
CNC SystemAn operational numerical control system consists of the
following three basic components:
1. Program
2. Controller unit
3. Machine tool or other controlled process.
Controller unit
• It consists of the electronically elements which are
required to read and interpret the program of
instructions and converted it to the required
actions.
How Numerical Control Operates Machine Tools?The following steps summarize how NC works:
• Numerical data feed into the system.
• A translating unit reads the data and changes it
into an electrical form that the machine tool can
understand
• A memory system stores the data until it is needed
• Servo units (transducers) on the machine tool
convert the data into actual machine movements
• A gauging device measures the machine
movements.
• A feedback unit feeds information back from the
gage device.
Turning
Number of axes • Horizontal and vertical Turning CNC machines has 2
axes: X and Z axis
• X-axis: diameter controlling axis
• Z-axis: length (Depth) controlling axis
Types of Turning machines
• Universal slant bed
• Chucker slant bed
• Twin spindle horizontal
• Sub spindle
• Single spindle vertical
• Twin spindle vertical
• Gang type
• Sliding headstock
Universal slant bed
Universal slant bed
Chucker slant bed
Twin spindle horizontal
Sub spindle vertical
Single spindle vertical
Twin spindle vertical
Gang type
Sliding headstock
Turning Cycles
Turning Program
50311
1
T Tool Name
2 Longitudinal Turning
9 Parting Off
12 Facing
N10 G90 G71 $
N20 S600 M03 $
N30 G00 X50 Z150 $
N40 T12 M06 $
N50 G00 X46 Z149 $
N60 G01 X0 F5 M08 $
N70 G54 X0 Z0 $
N80 G00 X50 Z6 $
N90 T02 M06 $
T Tool Name
2 Longitudinal Turning
9 Parting Off
12 Facing
N100 G00 X35 Z1 $
N110 G01 Z-75 F15 $
N120 G00 X36 Z1 $
N130 X25$
N140 G01 Z-75$
N150 G02 X45 Z-85 R10 $
N160 G00 X50 Z6 $
N170 T09 M06 $
N180 G00 X46 Z-135 $
T Tool Name
2 Longitudinal Turning
9 Parting Off
12 Facing
N190 G01 X0 F5 M09 $
N200 G00 X50 Z6 $
N210 M30 $
T Tool Name
2 Longitudinal Turning
9 Parting Off
12 Facing
Milling
a milling machine can be defined:
Milling machine is a machine capable of a
simultaneous cutting motion, using an end mill as the
primary cutting tool, along at least two axes at the
same time
Types of Milling Machines
Milling machines can divided into three categories:
• By the number of axes - two, three or more
• By the orientation of axes - vertical or horizontal
• By the presence or absence of a tool changer
World Axis Standards• There are several auxiliary rotary and linear axes
standard axes defined by the Electronics Industries
Association (EIA) used for motion and position.
3 Primary Linear Axes X, Y and Z
3 Primary Rotary Axes A, B and C
3 Secondary Linear Axes U,V and W
Machine Axes• Standard number of axes on a milling machine is
three -the X, Y and Z axes.
• The machines become more flexible if they have
the fourth axis. Even higher level of flexibility can be
found on machines with five or more axes.
5-Axis CNC Milling
Tool Offset
G41 Offset (compensation) of the cutter radius to the LEFT of the contouring direction
G42 Offset (compensation) of the cutter radius to the RIGHT of the contouring direction
G40 Cutter radius offset mode CANCEL
• N10 G90 $
• N20 T6 M6 $
• N30 S600 M3 $
• N40 G54 $
• N50 G00 Z-5 $
• N60 G41 X1 Y-5 $
• N70 G01 Z-14 F25 $
Tool no. Tool
6 ∅ 6 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙
• N80 Y11 $
• N90 X5 Y15 $
• N100 X22 $
• N110 G02 X26 Y10 R4 $
• N120 G01 Y1 $
• N130 X0 $
• N140 M30 $
Tool no. Tool
6 ∅ 6 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙
Drilling
Drilling definition• Drilling involves the creation of holes that are right
circular cylinders. This is accomplished most typically
by using a twist drill.
Drilling machine
Types of drilling machines
• Upright drill press:
Types of drilling machines
• Radial arm drill Press:
Types of drilling machines
• Gang drilling machines:
Types of drilling machines
• Multiple spindle drilling machine:
Types of drilling machines
• Microdrill press:
Types of drilling machines
• Turret type drilling machine:
Axes in drilling machine
Drilling cycles
Drilling cycles
Drilling cycles
Drilling cycles
Part Program(XYZ 69)
%
• N10 G90 G71$
• N20 T100 M6$
• N30 S500 M3$
• N40 G00 X100 Y100$
• N50 G00 Z-198$
• N60 G01 Z-335 F5 M8$
• N70 G00 Z0$
• N80 G00 X0 Y0$
• N90 M30$
Part program
Thank you