10 III How is an aurora so thin yet so tall and wide?

Sections

10-1 The electric field and the magnetic fieldElectromagnets and permanent magnets

10-1.1 The definition of B

The tracks in a bubble chamber

The SI unit for B1 tesla = 1T =1 N/Am=104 gauss

Magnetic Field Lines Magnetic vs. electric dipoles A horseshoe and a C-shaped magnets

1 A 5.3 MeV proton

10-1.2 Crossed Fields: Discovery of the ElectronA cathode ray tube Thomsons procedure:E = 0, B = 0, ,

Calculation

10-1.3 Crossed Fields: The Hall EffectBy the conduction electrons in copper:

2 A cube generator

10-1.4 A Circulating Charged Particle

The frequency and angular frequency

Helical Paths

3 The Mass Spectrometer ()

Isotope Separation

Centrifuge and diffusion chamber

The pitch () of the helical path

10-1.5 Cyclotrons and SynchrotronsFermilab: 6.3km ring ()

SynchrotronsThe resonance condition:When proton energy > 50Mev:Out of resonance (relativistic effect) A huge magnet (4106 m2) is needed for high energy (500Gev) protons The proton sychrotron at Fermilab can produces 1Tev proton

10-1.6 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Wire

For a wire segment: Magnetic Force

4 A length of wire with a semicircular arc

Calculation

10-1.7 Torque on A Current LoopF2 and F4 cancel F1 and F3 form a force couple

5 A galvanometer for analog meters

10-1.8 The Magnetic DipoleThe magnetic dipole moments

The magnetic potential energy

10-2 Magnetic Fields due to CurrentsConventional rocket EM Rail Gun

10-2.1 Calculating the Magnetic Field due to a currentThe law of Biot and Savart

Magnetic Field Due to a Current in a Long Straight Wire

_987871362.unknown

Integration

Magnetic Field Due to a Current in a Circular Arc of Wire

6 What B does the current produce?

10-2.2 Two Parallel Currents

7 The Field Between Two wires

_1244471583.unknown

10-2.3 Amperes LawComparing Gauss law and Amperes lawAmperes law

The Magnetic Field Outside a Long Straight Wire with Current

EMBED Equation.2

_1244476641.unknown

The Magnetic Field Inside a Long Straight Wire with Current

EMBED Equation.2

_1244476719.unknown

7 A hollow conducting cylinder

EMBED Equation.2

_987890734.unknown

10-2.4 Solenoids and ToroidsMagnetic Field of a Solenoid ()Magnetic Field of a Toroid ()

Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

Magnetic Field of a Toroid

Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor

10-2.5 A Current Carrying Coil and a Magnetic DipoleA current loop and a bar magnet

Magnetic Field of a Coil

EMBED Equation.2

6

1

_1244478975.unknown

IV