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1002.2 MEMORANDUM: ENGLISH SG P2 (PRIMARY LANGUAGE). NOVEMBER 2005 Please Note:

• This Memo consists of 22 pages. • Language errors are largely irrelevant in contextual questions. Check for relevant

idea or relevant fact. • In essay question language errors are considered in the grid. • The memo indicates major possibilities and general weighting of answers, except

in certain cases that ought to be obvious. SECTION A: POETRY QUESTION 1: Unseen Poem (not compulsory) Handcuffs by Mbuyiseni Oswald Mtshali 1.1 Lines 1- 2: Handcuffs

Have steel fangs' 1.1.1 What figure of speech is used here? Metaphor. (1) 1.1.2 What characteristics of the handcuffs are suggested by the words

'steel fangs'? steel-hard¹/cold ¹ fangs – painful¹/violent¹ / tight¹ (2) [3]

1.2 Usually the bite of a flea is not particularly painful. What word

emphasizes the pain referred to in lines 3–5? [1] 'battalion' [1] 1.3 Line 6: 'the itch in my heart' 1.3.1 Is this a literal or figurative itch? figurative (1) 1.3.2 Explain how 'the itch in my heart' could grow 'deeper' (line 7)? The itch is his pain/anguish¹ which grows more intense.¹ (2) 1.3.3 Why can the speaker not scratch this 'itch'? (Do not refer to the fact that the speaker is handcuffed). (1) [4] His despair too overwhelming/feels so caught up in despair can do nothing/too imprisoned mentally (any 1)

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1.4 Line 9: 'How can I?’ What is the tone of this question? [1] Anguish¹/frustration ¹ (Any 1) / sadness NOT desperate

1.5 Refer to stanza four (the last stanza). 1.5.1 Does the message of the ‘banner’ make the speaker feel better?

Quote one word in support of your answer. ‘grimace’ (1)

1.5.2 What is the message of ‘banner’? Please use your own

words as far as possible. One must remain hopeful¹ as sadness/misery will cause failure¹. (2) [3]

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AND/OR

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QUESTION 2: Ozymandias by Percy Bysshe Shelley

2.1 Line 3: legs of stone/Stand in the desert. In the context of the poem as a whole, why is the use of the word ‘stand’ ironic? Stand – implies a fixture¹ Thus irony is statue does not last forever¹ Maybe: legs ‘stand[ing]’ by themselves are a mockery/useless/ irrelevant [etc] He does not stand ‘as mighty as he was before’ but he is now in the desert / no use and not mighty’ [2]

2.2 Line 7:’these lifeless things'

These 'lifeless things' tell us some things about a powerful king.

2.2.1 What do the following ‘lifeless things' tell us about King Ozymandias: ‘shattered visage lies, whose frown,/And wrinkled lip, and sneer of

cold command’ (lines 4 – 5)? : 'frown' : nasty authoritarian¹ + 'wrinkled lip' : cruel/vicious¹ or 'cold command' : despot/tyrant¹.(Any 1). (2) 2.2.2 What do the following ‘lifeless things' tell us about the power of rulers: ‘trunkless legs of stone/Stand in the desert…Near them, on the sand,/

half sunk, a shattered visage lies’ (lines 2-4)? Power does not last¹ and in the long run is of little value¹ 'nothing beside remains' (quote by itself no marks) (2) [4] 2.3 Line 8: 'The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed' 2.3.1 Whose hand is referred to in this line? sculptor (1) 2.3.2 Whose heart is referred to in this line? Ozymandias¹/or king ¹. (1) [2] 2.4 Ozymandias says that ‘ye Mighty’ should ‘Look on my works

… and despair’. (line 11).Why does he especially want the ‘Mighty’ to see his ‘works’?

He wishes to show off his power¹/in relation to other powerful people¹ [or] he is so arrogant¹/that he says that he is greater than the 'Mighty'¹.

Not God. [2] 2.5 In the last two lines of the poem, the words ‘boundless’, ‘bare’, ‘lone’ and ‘level’ are used to describe the ‘sands’. Why do you think these words are used? Monotony’ of naked sand on which nothing stands¹ large naked expanse¹. The words sound1 bleak/empty/sad/desolate [etc].1 [2] /12/ AND/OR

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QUESTION 3: For Don M - banned by Mongane Serote 3.1 Line 1: 'a dry white season'. What do these words mean? A time¹, 'season', of want¹ or a time¹ of white control¹/or

a time¹ of a lack of vitality¹. [2] 3.2 Lines 2 – 3: 'dark leaves don’t last, their brief lives dry out

and with a broken heart they dive down gently headed for the earth'. These lines have a political meaning. What is it? In your answer,

concentrate on the words in bold print. [3] 'dark leaves': are black people whose¹

'brief lives' : lives are shortened by poverty/abuse¹ 'broken heart' : and who are therefore in despair¹ (in the apartheid state) [3]

3.3 What do the words 'gently' (line 3) and 'not even bleeding' (line 4) suggest about

the 'dark leaves'? Both words suggest : the ethereal quality of life of black person ie fragility of existence¹/possibly unnoticed passing¹/physical impoverishment¹ (any 2) used to the pain¹ [2]

3.4 Lines 6 to 8: Quote three separate words which indicate a defiant spirit. Any 3 of 'stand' / 'erect' / 'steel' / 'wire' [3] 3.5 This poem was written for fellow poet Don Mattera. Quote one

word (a noun) which shows Serote’s attitude to Mattera. 'brother' [1] 3.6 Describe the tone of the poem as a whole (A one-word answer will do.) Determined¹ / accepting¹ / sad¹. (Not the only possibilities, mark on merit).

[1] /12/

AND/OR

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QUESTION 4: A Riot Policeman by Christopher van Wyk 4.1 The first stanza (lines 1- 6) describes the end of a day. 4.1.1 The image of the 'doused flame' (line 2) suggests what happened on this

day. Describe what happened. (In answering, you need to think about both ‘doused’ and ‘flame’) doused: policeman subdued¹ and flame : riotous crowd¹/or angry protesters¹ (2)

policement subdued riotous crowd2 4.1.2 Quote from this stanza any one word which shows that the poet

is sympathetic to the rioters, rather than to the policeman. ‘victim ‘ (1)

4.1.3 Quote from this stanza any one word which shows that there

has been violence. 'flame' / 'bullet' / 'singed'. (Any 1). (1) [4] 4.2 Refer to stanza two (line 7 – 16) 4.2.1 Suggest why the hippo 'crawls' (line 7) away from the scene. Police are so dominant therefore no need to hurry¹ or such confidence / in such authority¹ therefore no need to hurry¹ or could imply arrogance of policemen¹ therefore going slowly to

rub in victory¹ Also indicates size 1 / ungainliness1 of hippo; animal-like qualities.1 (2)

4.2.2 What is the effect of mentioning the 'shirts and shoes' (line 10) of

the people who have been killed, instead of the people themselves? They are nameless¹ / unimportant¹ / so many of them¹ / (any 2) (2) [4]

4.3 The line 'It is time to go home' (line 6) is repeated (line 32). What is the effect of this repetition? Emphasizes¹ : long hard day for policeman¹ and victim or emphasizes¹

repeated oppressive behaviour of policeman toward victims¹. [2] 4.4 Refer to stanza four (lines 26 – 32). 4.4.1 What does ‘shed his uniform’ (line 26) suggest about the life of

this policeman in the time of apartheid? He feels guilty at what he’s done and needs to discard policeman persona¹ or normal action at end of another ordinary day to a man unaware of implications of his deeds¹. (1)

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4.4.2 What does 'Play with his children' (line 28) suggest about the policeman? An ordinary man who is not a demon but as a policeman must perform his tasks¹/ or a man so indifferent that he can easily swap roles¹. (1) [2]

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SECTION B: DRAMA: Hamlet by William Shakespeare Macbeth by William Shakespeare QUESTION 5: Contextual: Hamlet by William Shakespeare. This extract is from the closing scene of the play. It starts with Act 5, scene 2, line 296. 5.1 Line 296: 'O, yet defend me friends, I am but hurt.’ To whom is Claudius speaking? Do not merely answer, ‘Friends’. The assembled guests come to watch the fencing match¹/ courtiers and other noblemen and women come to watch the fencing match¹ / (Claudius’s acolytes/followers perhaps¹) (Any one). [1] 5.2 Line 297: 'there, thou incestuous murderous damned Dane’ Hamlet is talking about Claudius. Justify his use of each of these three adjectives: 5.2.1 'incestuous'

'incestuous' – This would refer to Claudius’s marriage to Gertrude¹ which is seen as incest because she was married to his brother¹/was his sister-in-law¹/ the equivalent of his sister¹ (2)

5.2.2 'murderous' 'murderous' – The murder of Old Hamlet¹ and his hand in the attempted 'murder' of Hamlet himself ¹ (2) 5.2.3 'damned' 'damned' – Claudius as murderer is damned¹, also guilt¹

Or any of Claudius’s sins could qualify him as ‘damned’ (incest, adultery, murder, etc)¹, with a second mark for indicating the aggravating circumstances. Or He killed a king² Or He killed God’s anointed² Or He killed his brother² (2)

5.3 'He forces him to drink' is the stage direction between lines 297 and 298. 5.3.1 What is the significance of this moment in the play? Hamlet finally avenges his father’s death (1)

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5.3.2 In what way is Claudius’s death at this fencing match ironic? Claudius had actually planned Hamlet’s death¹ thus ironic that

he is killed at match¹ (2) 5.4 Line 299: 'He is justly served.' 5.4.1 Laertes is referring to Claudius. In what way do these words

show a change in his attitude to Claudius? After accusing Claudius of death of Polonius and slandering

his name¹ /or Laertes had been an ally of Claudius planning Hamlet’s death¹and yet here he seems to judge him as rightfully killed¹ Or attitude from one of an ally¹ / to one of a foe¹ (2)

5.4.2 Mention two things that you think have brought about this change in

Laertes's attitude to Claudius. He has seen Claudius’s double-dealing¹ and seen Hamlet’s true

quality¹ (2) 5.5 Line 301: 'Exchange forgiveness with me, noble Hamlet.’ In these words we see that Laertes has also changed his attitude

to Hamlet. Name two things Laertes has accused Hamlet of previously. Accused Hamlet of murder of Polonius¹ / and death/madness of Ophelia¹ /

causing a tainting of the reputation of his family¹ cf hasty burials (any 2). (2)

5.6 Line 305: 'I am dead, Horatio' Line 310: 'Horatio, I am dead' Line 324: 'O, I die, Horatio' What effect do you think this repetition is meant to have on the

audience? Audience would feel sympathy¹ (for 1 mark answer) or to make the audience feel sorry for him¹ or sense his despair1 and thus feel sympathy¹ or to make the audience feel sad¹.

Mark other options on merit. (2) 5.7 Line 321: 'To tell my story'

Quote from Hamlet’s speech in lines 314 – 321 a three-word phrase that tells us what he fears he would have if Horatio does not tell his story to the world.

'a wounded name' (1)

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5.8 Lines 326 to 328: 'I cannot live to hear the news from England, But I do prophecy th’ election lights

On Fortinbras, he has my dying voice.’ 5.8.1 What news would the English Ambassadors have?

They would report on the death of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern¹ as ordered by 'Claudius' (actually Hamlet of course¹) . (2)

5.8.2 Hamlet names Fortinbras as the next King of Denmark. There are

reasons to think Fortinbras would be a good king and also reasons to think he would be a bad king. (a) What could make one think Fortinbras would be a good king? He is a decisive action man¹ / removed from fermenting Elsinore thus pure¹ / and he would restore order in no-nonsense, Warrior fashion¹ (any 2) (2) (b) What could make one think Fortinbras would be a bad king? Made war for little reward¹ / scant regard for loss of life¹ (2)

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QUESTION 6: Essay: Hamlet by William Shakespeare Hamlet feels that he is surrounded by deception and hypocrisy; thus he does not know whom to trust. Show to what extent this statement is true of his relationship with three of the following characters? (in the last case, pair of characters):

• Gertrude • Ophelia • Horatio • Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Key words:

o Deception o Hypocrisy o Trust

Gertrude:

o Betrayed memory of Hamlet’s father o Married a usurper o Appears to have sided with Claudius, eg. keeping Hamlet at Elsinore o Taints his view of women with her behaviour o Redeems herself when warning Hamlet of poisoned cup

Ophelia:

o Accepted Hamlet’s advances and tokens o Appeared to be attracted to him too o Listened to and receptive to his concerns o Under orders, refuses to admit him, and returns tokens o Appears not to understand or have sympathy for him (Polonius’s orders) o Hamlet feels betrayed by her duality o Casts her with all women as sinful Horatio:

o Always noble and truthful o Ghost’s appearance suggests he call Hamlet o Concern for Hamlet’s safety o Is trusted with the knowledge gained from the ghost o Is trusted with the knowledge of 'madness' o Is trusted with catching the conscience of the king o Does not disappoint Hamlet o Is sought out on Hamlet’s return from pirate-ship as safe-house and o deliverer of letters to king. o Wishes to join Hamlet in death o Entrusted with telling the story of events at Elsinore.

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Rosencrantz and Guildenstern

o Childhood friends o Bought by Claudius o Become sycophants and yes-men to Claudius at the expense of their integrity o and their erstwhile friendship with Hamlet o They spy on Hamlet o Attempt to elicit a confession from him as to the cause of his demeanour o End up carrying his death-warrant o Hamlet soon realizes their duplicity and treats them with contempt

/25/ In essays that deal with only 1 or 2 characters instead of 3 drop the position on the content axis by one row per omission, so, for example, a 3/3 would be categorized as a 4/3 if only 2 characters have been dealt with and a 5/3 if only 1 character has been dealt with.

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QUESTION 7: Contextual: Macbeth by William Shakespeare Refer to the first extract. It is from Act 1 Scene 3. 7.1 Give two reasons why Ross and Angus have been sent to

meet Macbeth. To congratulate him¹ / or praise him¹ and to tell him of his reward¹ /or he has been named as the

Thane of Cawdor¹ (2) 7.2 Lines 89-90' 'The King hath happily received, Macbeth,

The news of thy success' 7.2.1 What exactly is the ‘success' that Macbeth has achieved? Repulsed the rebel MacDonwald1 and the invaders

from Norway¹ – thus protected Scotland¹ . (Any 2) (2) 7.2.2 What do the king and other Scots think of Macbeth at this time? Courageous¹ : ‘ thy personal venture' / 'nothing afeard ' / 'thyself didst make strange images of death' loyal¹ ; ' he reads Thy personal venture' / 'The king has

happily received …news of thy success' / 'his kingdom’s great defence' beloved¹ ; ' His wonders and his praises do contend' / 'As thick as hail came post with post' / 'and everyone did bear Thy praises' (Any 2 – quote not necessary but quote alone 0 marks). (2) [4] 7.3 The phrase ’strange images of death’ (line 97) points forward to events later in the

play. List three of these events. The murder of Duncan¹ The murder of Banquo (and attempted murder of Fleance).¹ The murder of Macduff’s family.¹ [3] The killing of young Siward¹ The general slaughter in a tyranny¹ (Any 3). 7.4 The second part of line 7: 'What can the devil speak true?' Briefly explain why Banquo reacts in this way to the news that Macbeth is named

Thane of Cawdor. It appears that the weird women have spoken the truth as their first prophecy has come true¹ / he is thus shocked¹. [2]

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7.5 Lines 108–109:

'The Thane of Cawdor lives: why do you dress me In borrowed robes?'

Explain how the image of ‘borrowed robes’ points forward to how the people of Scotland will see Macbeth later in the play.

People of Scotland will come to see him as : A thief of Duncan’s life¹ A thief of kingdom from rightful heirs¹ A man who cannot fill the shoes of either¹ (any 2) (must concentrate on 'borrowed robes' image) [2] Refer to the second extract. It is from Act 5 Scene 2 7.6 Line 12: 'Great Dunsinane he strongly fortifies.' Against whom is Macbeth fortifying Dunsinane (his castle)? The invading forces under Malcolm’s banner come to

free Scotland (1) 7.7 Lines 16–17: ' Now does he feel His secret murders sticking on his hands' 7.7.1 What is the figurative meaning of these words?

Blood is sticking to his hands figuratively as so much blood has

been spilled² / or so many murders that Macbeth seems tainted in this way². (2) 7.7.2 In the first extract Macbeth is praised for killing, yet in the second

extract he is accused of murder. Account for the difference between these views.

In extract 1 murder is in battle for king and country¹ In extract 2 murder is for own gain¹ (2) [4] 7.8 Lines 22–25: 'Who then shall blame His pestered senses to recoil and start, When all that is within him does condemn Itself for being thee?' What do these words tell us about Macbeth’s state of mind at

this point in the play? Macbeth is troubled¹ / and has a guilty conscience¹ [2]

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7.9 Mention two points, raised in this extract, which show that Macbeth

is trapped. Do not merely quote: use your own words . [2] His own troops are uncontrollable¹ / there is internal

rebellion¹ / he is not loyally followed by his own troops¹ / external invasion is strong¹ (any two) [2]

7.10 Lines 27–29: 'Meet we the medicine of the sickly weal And with him pour we, in our country’s purge

Each drop of us.’ 7.10.1 Who or what is the medicine? Malcolm (1) 7.10.2 Why is the image of ‘medicine’ used? Scotland is diseased¹ by the rule of Macbeth and requires

healing.¹ (2) [3]

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QUESTION 8 Toward the end of the play, the doctor says of Lady Macbeth: 'More needs she the divine than the physician'. He means that she needs spiritual help more than she needs medical help. Describe the choices and actions that have brought about Lady Macbeth’s misery and madness.. Needs divine because :

• She, like Macbeth, was over-ambitious, yearned for riches, titles and honours and committed murder.

• She spurs husband on with courage, strength and purpose to commit murder.

• She plotted route to murder • She casts aside her very nature, her femininity • She allies herself unflinchingly with evil • She believes they should not wait for Duncan to die • When she does waver at thought of Duncan, she chooses 'murdering

minister' • Ruthlessly takes on, and commands husband 'to look like the innocent

flower, but • Be the serpent under ‘t' • She uses mockery to urge Macbeth on • She confesses she could murder her own child if only she could attain aims • She feels no remorse even though she understands the outcome of her

scheming and • planning ' these deeds must not be thought after these ways… it will make us

mad' • Notice she plants daggers on guards and smears them with blood – does not

mind • blaming the innocent. • Her over-confidence and ambition are shattered by Act III 'dwell in doubtful

joy' • Protects Macbeth at banquet scene and thus herself • Becomes obsessed with hiding the cruel facts of what she and Macbeth have

done. Thus to point of pitiable sleep-walking and giving herself and Macbeth away. It is clear she is diseased of the mind not the body. /25/

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SECTION C: NOVEL: Lord of the Flies by William Golding, and Shades by Marguerite Poland QUESTION 9: Contextual: Lord of the Flies by William Golding. 9.1 Line 2: 'He was looking brilliantly happy.' Give three reasons for Jack’s happiness. He has been hankering for leadership role since day 1¹ / finally

achieved his objective¹ / especially as seemed to have failed in his bid when no-one joined him initially¹ / his lust for hunting is being more and more satisfied¹ (any three) [3]

9.2 Line 3: 'Hunting', he said. 9.2.1 What do you think is significant about the fact that 'hunting’ is the

first word of Jack’s speech to his followers? (2) Hunting will take over from things like rescue² / hunting can

be equated with violence and savagery which will become prominent.² (2)

Hunger an advantage as boys will listen to him¹ 9.2.2 Who are Jack’s followers? (1) [3] The choir/the boys who used to be the choir1 the hunters¹ 9.3 Line 8: ‘and the crisis passed easily' What is the crisis referred to here? Jack² had challenged Ralph’s leadership and no-one had

joined him including the choir who now form his group – thus could now have been the sore-point with Jack. (2)

9.4 Refer to lines 11–21. 9.4.1 What in fact is the thing Jack calls ‘the beast’? The body of a parachutist¹/dead airman¹/a dead man¹/a

body¹, (etc). (1) evil¹ / the beast in us¹ 9.4.2 Later, Simon will attempt to reveal what 'the beast' really is.

What will he try to tell the boys? No external beast¹/ beast within man¹ ie man’s

potential for evil2 (2) dead parachutist¹

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9.4.3 Quote from these lines one sentence to show that the dreams Jack refers to are bad dreams. ‘They agreed passionately out of the depths of their tormented private lives.’ (1)

9.4.4 Jack does not seem to offer a real solution to the problem of 'the

beast'. All he says is 'We aren’t going to bother about the beast’ ' (line 11).

Why do the boys eagerly accept these words as a solution? (2) [6] Easy option out of scary dreams¹/absolute terror of what they

think is real beast now¹. Jack not scared thus safe with him¹ 9.5 What is 'the castle rock' referred to in line 22? [1] Jack’s enclave¹/or description of area.¹ 9.6 Lines 23- 24: ‘I am going to get more of the biguns away from

the conch and all that.' 9.6.1 What does the conch symbolize? (2) Symbol of order¹ and democracy¹. civilization2 / freedom1

9.6.2 Explain what Jack means by 'and all that'. (2) Really what Ralph stands for/rescue/chores for water,

cleanliness and shelter/equality/order² (Obviously candidates don’t need all this. Must give

clear understanding of what Ralph stands for). 9.6.3 Why does Jack want 'to get more of the biguns'? (2) [1] Weaken Ralph¹ and conversely strengthen his own position¹. 9.7 Line 24: 'We’ll kill a pig and give a feast.' Feasting is important in Jack’s tribe. Name two ways in which

Jack uses feasting to manipulate the boys. When they are fearful (storm¹) /a comfort to feast¹, sing

and forget/or to show his dominance as provider¹ and keep boys subservient.¹ They always have food¹/There will always be fun¹ (2)

9.8 Lines 36-37: ‘wore the damp darkness of the forest like his old clothes.'

What does this tell us about Jack? Jack is dark element¹ and gives free reign to his darker side² Or Jack finds it easy¹ to be evil¹ Or The darkness shows¹ us that Jack is a bad¹ person. (2) /25/

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QUESTION 10: When all is said and done, this is a novel about little boys who are only mimicking adult behaviour. State whether you think this comment is true or false or only partly true. Then clearly argue in support of your opinion by referring to the boys' behaviour. Probably true – boys mimicking adult behaviour Adult world : War Conflict Death Solving problems with confrontation Reversion to violence Chaos Boys’ behaviour : Starts off well-meaning Choices are made that negate order Jack’s obsession with hunting is attractive Jack vies for hearts and minds of boys Ritual dances War-paint – masks Roger emerges Simon/Ralph/Piggy deserted Three deaths Hunting down of enemy, Ralph /25/

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QUESTION 11: Contextual: Shades by Marguerite Poland. 11.1 Refer to lines 1- 17. 11.1.1 This musical-box (line 3) belonged to Brompton. Briefly explain its significance to Brompton A reminder of home¹ /and hymn comforting¹ (2) 11.1.2 Suggest what could, in the context of the novel as a whole, be implied by 'the notes crackled and died' (line 4). (2) 'Crackled and died' – suggests something faulty/ broken, much like Brompton himself / idea of failure of a white man who cannot adapt to Africa also suggested by these words (any one) 11.1.3 What are two of the actions, taken by the occupants of the room, which show that they felt guilty being caught at what they were doing? (2) They were ‘startled’ by Walter’s entry, i.e. a guilty start.¹ They stopped playing with musical-box as it dies down¹ They leave (apart from Victor) quietly. ‘mutely’¹. (Any 2). 11.1.4 Walter is obviously angry when he enters the vestry, yet he keepshis anger in check. (a) Quote one word (from lines 1- 17) that shows his anger. ‘rage’ or ‘fire’ (1) (b) Quote one word (from lines 1- 17) that shows that he controls his anger. (1) 'ice' or ‘steady’. 11.1.5 Victor’s tone, in reply to Walter’s angry question, is ‘light and crisp’ (line 8). In what way is this tone of voice insulting to Walter? (2) [10] He is attempting to humiliate Walter.¹ by making him lose his temper publicly.¹ 11.2 Lines 15–17: 'Is it necessary … to make light of someone else's pain?' 11.2.1 How does Victor make light of Brompton’s pain? (2) Walter says – Victor has invaded Brompton’s privacy by inviting all the youngsters to hear of his humiliation² or - Victor is making a game out of Brompton’s predicament with the playing of the musical-box as Crispin tells the story.² or - Victor treated Brompton’s predicament with disrespect by ridiculing him publicly.² (any 1)

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11.2.2 Victor often ‘plays games with people’ (line 21).

What does this sort of action tell us about him? (3) [5] He is careless of the results of his actions¹ He is a bully¹ He is arrogant¹ He is unconcerned with the consequences of his actions¹ (any 3) 11.3 Line 29: 'He straightened.' Why would Victor stand up while speaking to Walter? [2] Shows his superiority¹ / wishes to further intimidate Walter¹. 11.4 Lines 31–32: 'Is that all that offends you, sir?' 11.4.1 What is Victor hinting at here? (2) Walter might be upset about his relationship with Frances¹ / as Walter is in love with her himself ¹ 11.4.2 How does Walter confirm this hint in front of Victor? Use your own words (1) [3] He blushes 11.5 Line 40: ‘He would make no sound’. Why does Walter decide to remain quiet and still instead of giving vent to his anger? [2] He wants to hold onto his dignity/self-respect¹ despite Victor’s pressure¹. 11.6 Line 48: 'Come to the stables with me.' 11.6.1 Why does Victor expect Frances to agree? (1) She has slept with him before. 11.6.2 Why does Frances turn him down? She feels that their actions in the church were wrong and does not want to compound them by going with him which would suggest tacit approval or sympathy² or possibly also confused emotions with Victor / Walter triangle and here feels drawn to Walter who is morally right². (2) [3] /25/

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QUESTION 12: Victor, an important character in the novel, is not a noble man. In fact, he does a number of harmful and wrong things. To what extent do you agree with this statement? Remember to support your views with clear reference to the novel. Should say statement is correct really and then go through the harmful and wrong things. Harmful and wrong acts: Petty things like withholding football from Crispin when young Leading younger children into danger Manipulating their games Locking Sonwabo into cupboard Humiliating Benedict at the Umngeni Binding Frances to him with sex act Humiliating Walter on horse Recruitment drive Not protecting the miners adequately Leaving Tom, Reuben and Sonwabo But, few noble deeds: Gives Frances her freedom Possibly war bravery /25/

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EVALUATION GRID: ENGLISH SG P2 (LITERATURE): 25-MARK ESSAY QUESTIONS EXPRESSION (LANGUAGE / STYLE & STRUCTURE) CONTENT

1. VERY GOOD Forceful / Precise / Coherent Fluent; Appropriate tone & register Language errors minor

2. COMPETENT Descriptors as in 1, but less so. Above average; Well-planned Language errors minor

3. ORDINARY Average/ Commonplace/ Some errors in language, but Seldom jarring

4. AWKWARD Below average / Awkward / Tortuous/Too repetitious Language errors disturbing

5. UNACCEPTABLE Confused / Disordered/ Most unidiomatic/Incoherent/ Unintelligible/Illiterate/Badly inappropriate register Language errors numerous and serious

1. OUTSTANDING Focused Comprehensive / Well-substantiated/ Thought-provoking/ Original

A+

25 – 23

A

22 – 20

A/B+

20 – 19

B+/B

19 – 18

C+/C

17 – 16

2. GOOD Grasps and develops key Ideas/Entirely relevant / Has appropriate substantiation / Shows insight

A

22 – 20

A/B+

20 – 19

B+/B

19 – 18

C+/C

17 – 16

C/D+

15 – 14

3. CONVINCING Addresses the question/ Painstaking/Thorough/ Competent/Generally quite well substantiated

A/B+

20 – 19

B+/B

19 – 18

C+/C

17 – 16

C/D+

15 – 14

D/E+

13 – 12

4. ADEQUATE Covers ground/Stock response / Insufficient relevant commentary or substantiation / Generalized “storyish”

C+

18

C+/C

17-16

C/D+

15 – 13

D/E+

13 – 11

E

11 – 10

5. INSUBSTANTIAL Does not really come to grips with questions, but discussion is vaguely relevant/ Thin/ Trite/Unclear Naïve /Inaccu-rate/Lacking Substan-tiation/Generalized Storyish”

D+

14

D

13

D+/E

12 – 11

E-/F

10 – 9

F/FF/G

9 – 7

6. POOR Woolly/Mostly irrelevant/Garbled/Distorted/Contrived/Overwhelm-ingly “storyish”

F

9

FF/G/GG

8 – 5

GG-/H

4 - 1

• NB: If the question is altogether unanswered / the answer is totally “off the topic”, 0 is awarded. • In effect, therefore, the grid comes into play only if the question has been answered.