100861446 superconducting rotating machines presentation
TRANSCRIPT
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SUPERCONDUCTINGROTATING MACHINES
By-
ADITYA NANDAN
0909120009
Date: 28-03-2012
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CONTENTS
Introduction
High Temperature Superconducting Wire
HTS Machines
Advantages & Disadvantages
Benefits
HTS Machine Application
Future Enhancements
Conclusion
References
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INTRODUCTION
The higher current density achievable in many superconductingmaterials tends to make them smaller compared with non-
superconducting machines with the same power density.
These machines employed LTS wire made up of a niobium-titanium(NbTi) alloy.
High-temperature superconductors become superconducting at
more easily obtainable liquid nitrogen temperatures.
HTS-based motors and generators will be smaller, lighter, more
efficient, and less expensive to manufacture and operate than
conventional machines.
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HTS WIRE STATUS High temperature superconductor
bismuth strontium calcium copperoxide (BSCCO-2223) manufacturedcommercially by Americansuperconductor (AMSC).
It is able to carry more than 140-times the electrical current of copperwire of the same cross section, and isrobust enough to meet commercial
requirements
However, a newer yttrium bariumcopper oxide (YBCO)superconductor has been developed .
HTS Wire
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Property BSCCO (now) YBCO (now) YBCO (nearterm)
Cost( Relative) 16-20 50-100 3-5
Operating
Temp
22 - 35 K 45 - 55 K 6070 K
Current
Density
717 kA/cm2 829 kA/cm2 1550 kA/cm2
Tensile Strain 0.10 - 0.40% 0.30 - 0.45% 0.30 - 0.60%
Length Up to 1.5 km Up to 600 m 11.5 km
COMPARISON OF BSCCO WIRE AND YBCO WIRE
Where, (Relative) based on $/kA-m.
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HTS MACHINES The major components of a
rotating machine employingHTS winding
Only the field winding employsHTS cooled with a cryocoolersubsystem to about 35-40K
The cryocooler modules arelocated in a stationary frame
and a gas, such as helium, isemployed to cool componentson the rotor.
Air-Core Machine
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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages:
Reduced resistive losses but only in the rotor electromagnet.
Reduced size and weight per power capacity without consideringthe refrigeration equipment.
Disadvantages:
The cost, size, weight and complications of the cooling system.
Motor bearings need to be able to withstand cold or need to beinsulated from the cold rotor.
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BENEFITS OF USING SUPERCONDUCTING
MACHINES Lower operating costs
Less vibration and noise
Smaller size and weight
Increased stability
Rotating armature of the motor
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HTS MACHINE APPLICATION
HTS alternating current (AC)synchronous motors provide a
very attractive alternative:
Greater than 98% efficiency
across a wide range of ship
operating profiles, which can
lower fuel consumption and
ship operating costs
Inherently quiet with lowweight rotors, no iron teeth.
Ship Electrical System component
Market Potential :Electric
marine propulsion is a marketof approximately $250 millionthat is growing strongly .
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FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
New technology in the form of a
litz-wire bar
This could contribute to an
overall performance
improvement, especially inefficiency (expected 0.1...0.3%).
Litz wire made out of many
thinner isolated
Superconducting wires.
Litz wire is more concentrated
for high frequency applicationswhere the skin effect is morepronounced.
LITZ-Wire Bar
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CONCLUSION
Todays motors are fundamentally similar to the electric motorsdesigned over a century ago.
The motor manufacturing industry has seen only incrementalimprovement in product design over the past years.
The advent of high temperature superconductivity has created theopportunity in the technology of motors.
The cost, size, weight and efficiency benefits of superconducting
machines will significantly change the dynamics of the motormanufacturing industry and the motor user market .
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REFERENCES
S. S. Kalsi, Development status of superconducting rotatingmachines, presented at the IEEE PES Meeting New York, Jan. 27
31, 2002
Testing of a Superconducting Rotating Machine, IEEE
Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 17, No. 1, March
2007.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/superconducting_electric_machine
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